Flora Vascular asociada a los humedales temporales mediterráneos en la isla de Menorca

Mediterranean temporary ponds are a habitat with a high interest for conservation due to their particular characteristics and especially to their biodiversity. Vascular flora is a feature that stands out for its richness and diversity. Minorca has a high representation of this habitat. A complete inventory of vascular plants related to this habitat on the island is presented here for the first time. 360 taxa have been recorded in the pond areas. Most of them are usually found outside the water influence, and just 35 have been found to be exclusive to the inundation area. The quantitative analysis of additional information like abundance within the island, chorology and life forms, compared with that of all the flora on the island, reveals some particular traits for the flora of this habitat, and especially for the plants of the inundated area.Los humedales temporales mediterráneos están catalogados como hábitats prioritarios de conservación en la Unión Europea por sus características ambientales y por su elevada biodiversidad, en la que destaca su interesante flora vascular. En la isla de Menorca se encuentra una notable representación de este tipo de ecosistema acuático. En este trabajo se ofrece, por primera vez, un inventario completo de la flora asociada a estos ambientes. Se han identificado 360 táxones, de los cuales solamente 35 están relacionados con las zonas inundadas. El análisis realizado para cada taxon –abundancia en la isla, corología y biotipos–, comparado con el realizado para el conjunto de la flora de la isla, pone de manifiesto algunos aspectos peculiares de la mencionada flora de estos hábitats, especialmente para los táxones exclusivos de la zona inundada

New and interesting Bryophyte records from Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)

Nuevas citas de Briófitos interesantes de Menorca (Islas Baleares). Se indican nuevas localidades para diversas especies de briófitos que eran desconocidas o consideradas raras en Menorca. Las siguientes especies Fossombronia caespitiformis subsp. multispira, Mannia androgyna, Oxymitra incrassata, Riccia crinita, R. nigrella, Acaulon mediterraneum, A. triquetrum, Brachytheciastrum velutinum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, B. rubens, Campylopus introflexus, Drepanocladus aduncus, Ephemerum recurvifolium, Grimmia tergestina, Gymnostomum calcareum var. lanceolatum, G. viridulum, Habrodon perpusillus, Microbryum curvicollum, Orthotrichum tenellum, Pleuridium acuminatum, Pterogonium gracile, and Tortula atrovirens constituyen novedad para la flora briológica de la isla.New records for several unknown and rare bryophyte species from Minorca are here reported. The following species Fossombronia caespitiformis subsp. multispira, Mannia androgyna, Oxymitra incrassata, Riccia crinita, R. nigrella, Acaulon mediterraneum, A. triquetrum, Brachytheciastrum velutinum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, B. rubens, Campylopus introflexus, Drepanocladus aduncus, Ephemerum recurvifolium, Grimmia tergestina, Gymnostomum calcareum var. lanceolatum, G. viridulum, Habrodon perpusillus, Microbryum curvicollum, Orthotrichum tenellum, Pleuridium acuminatum, Pterogonium gracile, and Tortula atrovirens are new records for the flora of Minorca. The distribution area of other taxa in the island is enlarged

Comparison of the vascular exotic flora in continental islands: Sardinia (Italy) and Balearic Islands (Spain)

[EN] This paper provides a comparison of the vascular exotic flora of Sardinia and that of the Balearic Islands, both territories belonging to the Western Mediterranean biogeographic subregion. The study has recorded 531 exotic taxa in Sardinia (18.8% of the total flora) while 360(19%) in the Balearic Islands; 10 are new to Sardinia (3 of which for Italy) and 29 to the Balearic Islands. The alien flora of Sardinia is included in 99 families; Fabaceae is the richest (49 taxa), followed by Poaceae (33) and Asteraceae (31) while in the Balearic Islands in 90 families, with a predominance of Fabaceae (32), Asteraceae (31) and Poaceae (27). The comparison of the biological spectra reveals that in Sardinia phanerophytes are the most represented in Sardinia and therophytes in the Balearic Islands. A detailed analysis shows that most of the exotic taxa (246) are shared by both territories with a clear dominance of neophytes rather than archaeophytes. A study of the geographical origin shows supremacy of the American element over the Mediterranean. The majority of introduced exotic taxa are a result of intentional human introductions (76% SA, 77% BL), mainly for ornamental use (43% SA, 45% BL). The most occupied habitats are the semi-natural, agricultural and synanthropic for both territories, but attending to invasive plants, coastal habitats in Sardinia and wetlands in the Balearic Islands are the most sensitive. A part of the work deals with the causes of fragility and low resilience of the different habitats.[ES] Se presenta un estudio comparativo de la flora vascular exótica de Cerdeña y de las Baleares, dos sistemas insulares pertenecientes a la subregión biogeográfica Mediterránea Occidental. En Cerdeña se han contabilizado 531 táxones exóticos (18,8% del total de su flora), mientras que en las Baleares 360 (19%), siendo 10 citas nuevas para Cerdeña (3 de las cuales para Italia) y 29 para Baleares. La flora exótica de Cerdeña está incluida en 99 familias, y Fabaceae es la más rica (49 táxones), seguida por Poaceae (33) y Asteraceae (31), frente a 90 familias para las Baleares, con predominio de Fabaceae (32), Asteraceae (31) y Poaceae (27). Se han encontrado diferencias respecto a los tipos biológicos, con un predominio de los fanerófitos en Cerdeña y de los terófitos en las Baleares. Un análisis detallado muestra que buena parte de estos táxones (246) son compartidos por ambos territorios, así como una dominancia de los neófitos frente a los arqueófitos. Respecto al origen geográfico, ambos territorios presentan una preeminencia del elemento americano sobre el mediterráneo. En referencia a las vías de introducción, la mayor parte de los táxones ha sido introducida por parte del hombre de forma intencionada (76% SA, 77% BL) en particular para uso ornamental (43% SA, 45% BL). Los hábitats más afectados son los seminaturales, agrícolas y sinantrópicos en ambos territorios, aunque atendiendo a la flora invasora, son los litorales los más sensibles en Cerdeña y los humedales en Baleares. Una parte del trabajo aborda las causas de la fragilidad y baja resiliencia de los diferentes hábitats.Podda, L.; Fraga Arguimbau, P.; Mayoral García-Berlanga, O.; Mascia, F.; Bacchetta, G. (2010). Comparación de la flora exótica vascular en sistemas de islas continentales: Cerdeña (Italia) y Baleares (España). Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 67(2):157-176. doi:10.3989/ajbm.2251S157176672Mack, R. N., Simberloff, D., Mark Lonsdale, W., Evans, H., Clout, M., & Bazzaz, F. A. (2000). BIOTIC INVASIONS: CAUSES, EPIDEMIOLOGY, GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES, AND CONTROL. Ecological Applications, 10(3), 689-710. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0689:bicegc]2.0.co;2Madon*, O., & Médail, F. (1997). Plant Ecology, 129(2), 189-199. doi:10.1023/a:1009759730000Mansion, G., Rosenbaum, G., Schoenenberger, N., Bacchetta, G., Rosselló, J. A., & Conti, E. (2008). Phylogenetic Analysis Informed by Geological History Supports Multiple, Sequential Invasions of the Mediterranean Basin by the Angiosperm Family Araceae. Systematic Biology, 57(2), 269-285. doi:10.1080/10635150802044029MILBAU, A., & STOUT, J. C. (2008). Factors Associated with Alien Plants Transitioning from Casual, to Naturalized, to Invasive. Conservation Biology, 22(2), 308-317. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00877.xO’Dowd, D. J., Green, P. T., & Lake, P. S. (2003). Invasional «meltdown» on an oceanic island. Ecology Letters, 6(9), 812-817. doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00512.xOlesen, J. M., Eskildsen, L. I., & Venkatasamy, S. (2002). Invasion of pollination networks on oceanic islands: importance of invader complexes and endemic super generalists. Diversity Distributions, 8(3), 181-192. doi:10.1046/j.1472-4642.2002.00148.xPauchard, A., Cavieres, L. A., & Bustamante, R. O. (2004). Comparing alien plant invasions among regions with similar climates: where to from here? Diversity and Distributions, 10(5-6), 371-375. doi:10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00116.xPyšek, P., Richardson, D. M., Rejmánek, M., Webster, G. L., Williamson, M., & Kirschner, J. (2004). Alien plants in checklists and floras: towards better communication between taxonomists and ecologists. TAXON, 53(1), 131-143. doi:10.2307/4135498Randall, J. M., Morse, L. E., Benton, N., Hiebert, R., Lu, S., & Killeffer, T. (2008). The Invasive Species Assessment Protocol: A Tool for Creating Regional and National Lists of Invasive Nonnative Plants that Negatively Impact Biodiversity. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 1(1), 36-49. doi:10.1614/ipsm-07-020.1REASER, J. K., MEYERSON, L. A., CRONK, Q., DE POORTER, M., ELDREGE, L. G., GREEN, E., … VAIUTU, L. (2007). Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of invasive alien species in island ecosystems. Environmental Conservation, 34(2), 98-111. doi:10.1017/s0376892907003815REICHARD, S. H., & WHITE, P. (2001). Horticulture as a Pathway of Invasive Plant Introductions in the United States. BioScience, 51(2), 103. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0103:haapoi]2.0.co;2Richardson, D. M., & Pyšek, P. (2006). Plant invasions: merging the concepts of species invasiveness and community invasibility. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment, 30(3), 409-431. doi:10.1191/0309133306pp490prRichardson, D. M., Pysek, P., Rejmanek, M., Barbour, M. G., Panetta, F. D., & West, C. J. (2000). Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Diversity Distributions, 6(2), 93-107. doi:10.1046/j.1472-4642.2000.00083.xRosenbaum, G., Lister, G. S., & Duboz, C. (2002). Reconstruction of the tectonic evolution of the western Mediterranean since the Oligocene. Journal of the Virtual Explorer, 08. doi:10.3809/jvirtex.2002.00053Sanz-Elorza, M., Mateo, R. G., & Bernardo, F. G. (2008). The historical role of agriculture and gardening in the introduction of alien plants in the western Mediterranean. Plant Ecology, 202(2), 247-256. doi:10.1007/s11258-008-9474-2Schippers, P., van Groenendael, J. M., Vleeshouwers, L. M., & Hunt, R. (2001). Herbaceous plant strategies in disturbed habitats. Oikos, 95(2), 198-210. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.950202.xSchnitzler, A., Hale, B. W., & Alsum, E. M. (2007). Examining native and exotic species diversity in European riparian forests. Biological Conservation, 138(1-2), 146-156. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2007.04.010Speranza, F., Villa, I. M., Sagnotti, L., Florindo, F., Cosentino, D., Cipollari, P., & Mattei, M. (2002). Age of the Corsica–Sardinia rotation and Liguro–Provençal Basin spreading: new paleomagnetic and Ar/Ar evidence. Tectonophysics, 347(4), 231-251. doi:10.1016/s0040-1951(02)00031-8Suehs, C. 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Invasive alien species: a toolkit of best prevention and management practices. doi:10.1079/9780851995694.000

European Red List of Trees

The European Red List is a review of the status of European species according to IUCN regional Red Listing guidelines. It identifies those species that are threatened with extinction at the regional level – in order that appropriate conservation action can be taken to improve their status. This publication summarises results for all Europe’s native species of tree (454 species), of which 265 species (over 58%) are endemic to continental Europe, with 56% (252 species) endemic to the 28 EU Member States. Of these, 168 (42%) of the species are threatened with extinction at the European level, however, for 57 species (nearly 13%) there was insufficient information to assign a conservation status, and are therefore classified as Data Deficient, and in need of further research. The main threat to tree species in Europe has been identified as invasive or problematic species, impacting 38% of tree species, followed by deforestation and wood harvesting, and urban development (both affecting 20% of tree species). For threatened species, livestock farming, land abandonment, changes in forest and woodland management, and other ecosystem modifications such as fire are the major threats, impacting the survival of trees.Peer reviewe

Notes florístiques de Menorca

En el present article, es recullen diverses dades florístiques de plantes de Menorca. Algunes d'elles senzillament són ampliacions de l'àrea de distribució fins ara coneguda. Però d'altres són novetat no sols per a la flora menorquina, sinó també per a les flores balear i ibèrica. Així, Phagnalon graecum Boiss. & Heldr. és novetat per a la flora ibèrica. Lophochloa hispida (Savi) Jonsell, Rumex palustris Sm., Teline monspessulana (L.) C. Koch. i Tuberaria macrosepa-la (Salzm. ex Boiss.) Willk. són novetats per a la flora balear, i són novetats per a la flora menorquina: Amaranthus viridis L., Anacyclus clavatus (Desf.) Pers., Euphorbia falcata L. subsp. falcata, Poa trivialis L. subsp. trivialis, Po-lygonum bellardii All., Rumex obtusifolius L., Silene muscipula L., Spergularia heldreichii Fouc., Tamarix mascatensis Bunge, Trifolium pratense L., Trifolium repens L. subsp. repens.En el presente artículo, se recogen diversas notas florísticas sobre plantas de Menorca. Algunas de estas citas simplemente son ampliaciones del área hasta ahora conocida. Otras en cambio no sólo son novedad para la flora menorquina, sino también para las floras balear e ibérica. Así Phagnalon graecum Boiss. & Heldr. es novedad para la flora ibérica. Lophochloa hispida (Savi) Jonsell, Rumex palustris Sm., Teline monspessulana (L.) C. Koch y Tuberaria macrosepala (Salzm. ex Boiss.) Willk. son novedad para la flora balear, y son nuevas para la flora menorquina: Amaranthus viridis L., Anacyclus clavatus (Desf.) Pers., Euphorbia falcata L. subsp. falcata, Poa trivialis L. subsp. trivialis, Polygonum bellardii All., Rumex obtusifolius L., Silene muscipula L., Spergularia hel-dreichii Fouc., Tamarix mascatensis Bunge, Trifolium pratense L. y Trifolium repens L. subsp. repens.In this issue several floristic data concerning vascular plants from Menorca are collected. Some of them are enlarge-ments of the distribution areas known until now, but other mean novelties to the Menorcan flora and even to the floras of Balearic Islands and the Iberian Peninsula. So Phagnalon graecum Boiss & Heldr. is new to the Iberian flora. Lophochloa hispida (Savi) Jonsell, Rumex palustris Sm., Teline monspessulana (L.) C. Koch and Tuberaria macro-sepala (Salzm. ex Boiss.) Willk. are noveltes to the flora of Balearic Islands. And the following taxa are new for the Menorcan flora: Amaranthus viridis L., Anacyclus clavatus (Desf.) Pers., Euphorbia falcata L. subsp. falcata, Poa trivialis L. subsp. trivialis, Polygonum bellardii All., Rumex obtusifolius L., Silene muscipula L., Spergularia heldreichii Fouc., Tamarix mascatensis Bunge, Trifolium pratense L. y Trifolium repens L. subsp. repens

Rhamnus × bermejoi, a new wild hybrid between R. alaternus and R. ludovici-salvatoris

Se describe un nuevo híbrido de Menorca (Islas Baleares), Rhamnus x bermejoi, procedente del cruce entre R. alaternus L. y el endemismo balear R. ludovici-salvatoris Chodat.Rhamnus x bermejoi, a new wild hybrid between the Mediterranean R. alaternus L. and the Balearic endemic R. ludovici-salvatoris Chodat is described from Minorca (Balearic Islands)

New records of diploid Urginea pancration (Hyacinthaceae) in Cabrera (Balearic Islands)

Se cita la presencia en la isla de Cabrera (islas Baleares) de Urginea pancration (Steinh.) Philippe (Hyacinthaceae), conocida previamente en el ámbito ibérico de la isla de Menorca. Las poblaciones de Cabrera son diploides (2n=20), presentan cromosomas accesorios (0-2 B) y son morfológicamente coincidentes con las plantas de Menorca

The genetic diversity and structure of the Ferula communis L. complex (Apiaceae) in the Tyrrhenian area

The giant fennel Ferula communis L. is a circum-Mediterranean complex characterized by a great morphological variability, and comprising several species and subspecies. In this work, we used AFLP markers to investigate the pattern of genetic variation of the F. communis complex in the Tyrrhenian area and to compare the levels of genetic diversity between the widespread F. communis and the Corso-Sardinian endemic congener F. arrigonii.Our study indicates fairly high levels of genetic diversity for all populations (Fragpoly = 58.2-88%; Hj = 0.186-0.313), with no significant differences between F. arrigonii and F. communis. The genetic structure is only partially coherent with the geographic provenance of the populations: while individuals of F. arrigonii constituted a separate genetic group, the individuals of F. communis were partitioned into three main genetic clusters. These corresponded respectively to F. communis subsp. glauca, to populations from Tunisia and Gozo Island, and to all populations from the rest of the investigated areas; this last cluster was characterized by a marked substructur