142 research outputs found
Foreword
The University of Richmond Law Review is pleased to present the eighth annual Allen Chair Symposium issue. The purpose of the annual symposium is to provide a forum for discussion of legal issues of current significance. This is made possible by the generous support of the friends and family of George E. Allen. This issue of the Law Review is the literary complement to the symposium presentations
Physiological Arousal during Couple Financial Discussions as a Precursor to Seeking Financial Planning Help
There continues to be a great need for financial guidance within American households, yet the utilization of professional financial help, despite its growing accessibility, is low. It has been suggested that physiological arousal is an important factor that influences help-seeking behaviors. This paper tests the hypothesis that help-seeking intentions at the couple level are shaped in part by physiological arousal within the couple. Although exploratory, findings suggest the greater the joint level of arousal, the more likely a couple will be to report an intention to meet with a financial planner. Couples who experience a higher level of arousal during a financial therapy session were found to be more likely to self-report an intention to engage in future financial planning services. Conversely, couples who reported less intention to seek help responded with less arousal during sessions. Implications for financial professionals working with couples are discussed
A Theoretical Approach to Financial Therapy: The Development of the Ford Financial Empowerment Model
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an integrative approach to working with clients experiencing problems related to financial disempowerment. The multi-phase model integrates three theoretically-driven psychotherapy approaches, including cognitive behavioral, narrative, and Virginia Satirâs experiential therapies, and financial counseling techniques to increase oneâs sense of financial empowerment. A case study is included to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the model
Assessing Intra-Event Phosphorus Dynamics in Drainage Water Using Phosphate Stable Oxygen Isotopes
Quantifying fluxes and pathways of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in tile-drained landscapes has been hampered by a lack of measurements that are sensitive to P fate and transport processes. One potential tool to help understand these dynamics is the oxygen isotope signature of phosphate (δ18OPO4); however, its potential benefits and limitations are not well understood for intra-event dynamics at the field scale. The objectives of this study were to quantify intra-event variability of δ18OPO4 signatures in tile drainage water and assess the efficacy of δ18OPO4 to elucidate mechanisms and flow pathways controlling DRP transport to tile drains. We collected water samples during a summer storm event from a subsurface (tile)-drained field located in west-central Ohio and analyzed for δ18OPO4 of DRP. Supplementary water quality measurements, hydrologic modeling, and soil temperature data were used to help understand intra-event δ18OPO4 dynamics. Results of the soil extraction analysis from our study site highlight that the soil water-extractable P (WEP) pool was not in equilibrium with long-term, temperature-dependent water isotope values. This result suggests that P-rich soils may, at least partially, retain their original source signature, which has significant implications for identifying hotspots of P delivery in watershed-scale applications. Results of the storm event analysis highlight that equilibration of leached DRP in soil water creates a gradient between isotopic compositions of pre-event shallow subsurface sources, pre-event deep subsurface sources, and the WEP tied up in surface soils. The current study represents the first intra-event analysis of δ18OPO4 and highlights the potential for phosphate oxygen isotopes as a novel tool to improve understanding of P fate and transport in artificially drained agroecosystems
Discovery of a Gas-Rich Companion to the Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxy DDO 68
We present HI spectral-line imaging of the extremely metal-poor galaxy DDO
68. This system has a nebular oxygen abundance of only 3% Z, making
it one of the most metal-deficient galaxies known in the local volume.
Surprisingly, DDO 68 is a relatively massive and luminous galaxy for its metal
content, making it a significant outlier in the mass-metallicity and
luminosity-metallicity relationships. The origin of such a low oxygen abundance
in DDO 68 presents a challenge for models of the chemical evolution of
galaxies. One possible solution to this problem is the infall of pristine
neutral gas, potentially initiated during a gravitational interaction. Using
archival HI spectral-line imaging obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large
Array, we have discovered a previously unknown companion of DDO 68. This
low-mass (M 2.810 M), recently
star-forming (SFR 1.410 M yr,
SFR 710 M yr) companion has
the same systemic velocity as DDO 68 (V 506 km s; D
12.740.27 Mpc) and is located at a projected distance of 42 kpc. New HI
maps obtained with the 100m Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope provide
evidence that DDO 68 and this companion are gravitationally interacting at the
present time. Low surface brightness HI gas forms a bridge between these
objects.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letter
Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. VIII. A Fully Automated Catalog With Measured Completeness and Reliability Based on Data Release 25
We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting
exoplanets based on searching four years of Kepler time series photometry (Data
Release 25, Q1-Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs of which 4034 are planet
candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are
new and include two in multi-planet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05), and
ten high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog
was created using a tool called the Robovetter which automatically vets the
DR25 Threshold Crossing Events (TCEs, Twicken et al. 2016). The Robovetter also
vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs
caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discusses
the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less
than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits
that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is
greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the
fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is
greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and
500 days around FGK dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the
catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits and all of the
simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA
Exoplanet Archive.Comment: 61 pages, 23 Figures, 9 Tables, Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal
Supplement Serie
A highly magnified candidate for a young galaxy seen when the Universe was 500 Myrs old
The early Universe at redshift z\sim6-11 marks the reionization of the
intergalactic medium, following the formation of the first generation of stars.
However, those young galaxies at a cosmic age of \lesssim 500 million years
(Myr, at z \gtrsim 10) remain largely unexplored as they are at or beyond the
sensitivity limits of current large telescopes. Gravitational lensing by galaxy
clusters enables the detection of high-redshift galaxies that are fainter than
what otherwise could be found in the deepest images of the sky. We report the
discovery of an object found in the multi-band observations of the cluster
MACS1149+22 that has a high probability of being a gravitationally magnified
object from the early universe. The object is firmly detected (12 sigma) in the
two reddest bands of HST/WFC3, and not detected below 1.2 {\mu}m, matching the
characteristics of z\sim9 objects. We derive a robust photometric redshift of z
= 9.6 \pm 0.2, corresponding to a cosmic age of 490 \pm 15Myr (i.e., 3.6% of
the age of the Universe). The large number of bands used to derive the redshift
estimate make it one of the most accurate estimates ever obtained for such a
distant object. The significant magnification by cluster lensing (a factor of
\sim15) allows us to analyze the object's ultra-violet and optical luminosity
in its rest-frame, thus enabling us to constrain on its stellar mass,
star-formation rate and age. If the galaxy is indeed at such a large redshift,
then its age is less than 200 Myr (at the 95% confidence level), implying a
formation redshift of zf \lesssim 14. The object is the first z>9 candidate
that is bright enough for detailed spectroscopic studies with JWST,
demonstrating the unique potential of galaxy cluster fields for finding highly
magnified, intrinsically faint galaxies at the highest redshifts.Comment: Submitted to the Nature Journal. 39 Pages, 13 figure
Coronavirus host genetics South Africa (COHG-SA) databaseâa variant database for gene regions associated with SARS-CoV-2 outcomes
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for the COVID-19 global public health emergency, and the disease it causes is highly variable in
its clinical presentation. Clinical phenotypes are heterogeneous both in terms of presentation of symptoms in the host and
response to therapy. Several studies and initiatives have been established to analyse and review host genetic epidemiology
associated with COVID-19. Our research group curated these articles into a web-based database using the python applicationserver
framework Django. The database provides a searchable research tool describing current literature surrounding COVID-19
host genetic factors associated with disease outcome. This paper describes the COHG-SA database and provides an overview of the
analyses that can be derived from these data.The South African Medical Research Council through its Division of Research Capacity Development under the SAMRC Internship Scholarship Programme from funding received from the South African National Treasury; the CIDRI-Africa Wellcome Trust grant; the NIH H3ABioNET award; the UKRI/MRC and the University of Pretoria through the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine.https://www.nature.com/ejhgam2023BiochemistryGeneticsImmunologyMicrobiology and Plant Patholog
Marine and estuarine ecosystem and habitat classification
The Ecological Society of America and NOAA's Offices of Habitat Conservation and Protected Resources sponsored a workshop to develop a national marine and estuarine ecosystem classification system. Among the 22 people involved were scientists who had developed various regional classification systems and managers from NOAA and other federal agencies who might ultimately use this system for conservation and management. The objectives were to: (1) review existing global and regional classification systems; (2) develop the framework of a national classification system; and (3) propose a plan to expand the framework into a comprehensive classification system. Although there has been progress in the development of marine classifications in recent years, these have been either regionally focused (e.g., Pacific islands) or restricted to specific habitats (e.g., wetlands; deep seafloor). Participants in the workshop looked for commonalties across existing classification systems and tried to link these using broad scale factors important to ecosystem structure and function
A Brightest Cluster Galaxy with an Extremely Large Flat Core
Hubble Space Telescope images of the galaxy cluster Abell 2261, obtained as
part of the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble, show that the
brightest galaxy in the cluster, A2261-BCG, has the largest core yet detected
in any galaxy. The cusp radius of A2261-BCG is 3.2 kpc, twice as big as the
next largest core known, and ~3x bigger than those typically seen in the most
luminous BCGs. The morphology of the core in A2261-BCG is also unusual, having
a flat or even slightly-depressed interior surface brightness profile, rather
than the typical shallow cusp. This implies that the galaxy has a core with
constant or even centrally decreasing stellar density. Interpretation of the
core as an end product of the "scouring" action of a binary supermassive black
hole implies a total black hole mass ~1E+10 M_sun from the extrapolation of
most relationships between core structure and black hole mass. The core falls
1-sigma above the cusp-radius versus galaxy luminosity relation. Its large size
in real terms, and the extremely large black hole mass required to generate it,
raise the possibility that the core has been enlarged by additional processes,
such as the ejection of the black holes that originally generated the core. The
flat central stellar density profile is consistent with this hypothesis. The
core is also displaced by 0.7 kpc from the center of the surrounding envelope,
consistent with a local dynamical perturbation of the core.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
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