Relação entre Temperatura e Relevo Através de Imagens Noaa

This work analyze the temperature and relief relationship duringthe 2006 frosts happened in the main producer winter cereals region,through the characteristics of regional relief and minimum surfacetemperatures obtained of satellite NOAA-12 images. The results showedthat the well-known relationship between surface temperature and altitudecan be represented throughout NOAA-12 images.O presente trabalho visou analisar a relação entre temperatura erelevo durante as geadas ocorridas no ano de 2006, na principal região produtorade cereais de inverno do Rio Grande do Sul, através de imagens dosatélite NOAA-12. Os resultados mostraram que a relação existente entrea temperatura da superfície e a altitude pode ser adequadamente representadaatravés de imagens NOAA

Identification of the spatial and temporal dynamics for estimating soybean crop area from MODIS images in the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

The objective of this study was to define a method for estimating soybean crop area in the Northern Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). Overall, six different remote sensing methods were proposed based on spectral-temporal profile and minimum and maximum values of NDVI/MODIS related to the stages of sowing, maximum development and harvesting of soybean areas. The resulting estimates were compared to official crop area data provided by the Brazilian government, using statistical analysis and the fuzzy similarity method. The performance of each method depended on information such as crop size, type of crop management, and sowing/harvesting dates. Regression coefficients of determination and fuzzy agreement values were above 0.8 and 0.45, respectively, for all methods. For operational monitoring of soybean crop area, the empirical threshold applied to the image difference with inclusion of harvest image method was the most effective, producing estimates that matched closely the official data. For spatial analysis the application of multitemporal images classification method is recommended that generated a map of better quality. The efficiency of these methods should be evaluated in the areas of soybean expansion in the state

International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways.

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune liver disease for which effective immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Here we perform meta-analyses of discovery data sets from genome-wide association studies of European subjects (n=2,764 cases and 10,475 controls) followed by validation genotyping in an independent cohort (n=3,716 cases and 4,261 controls). We discover and validate six previously unknown risk loci for PBC (Pcombined<5 × 10(-8)) and used pathway analysis to identify JAK-STAT/IL12/IL27 signalling and cytokine-cytokine pathways, for which relevant therapies exist