Evaluación del efecto del Ciplex® a base del alga marina Ascophyllum nodosum en la calidad de la papa en la Zona Norte de Cartago

Trabajo Final de Graduación (Maestría en Gestión de Recursos Naturales y Tecnologías de Producción) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Área Académica Agroforestal, 2018.El uso de bioestimulantes a base de algas marinas ha innovado la agricultura recientemente, mejorando los cultivos y causando efectos positivos en la calidad, cantidad y productividad de las cosechas. Productos fabricados con extractos del alga Ascophyllum nodosum son alternativas para mejorar la producción ya que su efecto precursor de citoquininas permite obtener plantas resistentes a plagas y enfermedades y el buen desarrollo del cultivo mejorando la calidad de la cosecha. Esta investigación se realizó en dos sitios de la Zona Norte de Cartago donde se aplicaron a plantaciones de papa (Solanum tuberosum) (variedad Granola) tratamientos vía foliar del producto comercial Ciplex® base del alga marina Ascophyllum nodosum a dosis de 2,5 ml/L y a 5 ml/L de agua en tres y cinco aplicaciones en el ciclo de cultivo y, un testigo al que no se le realizaron aplicaciones. Se evaluó la calidad y peso de la cosecha según la clasificación de primera y segunda calidad. Los resultados arrojaron que la calidad y peso de las distintas dosis y tiempos no mostraron diferencias entre sí en ambos sitios, mientras que en todos los casos los tratamientos con aplicaciones fueron mejores al testigo en ambos sitios también. Se concluye que una dosis de 2,5 ml/L de agua en tres aplicaciones mejora el peso y calidad de la cosecha de papa y este resultado no parece ser sitio-específico en los lugares evaluados por lo que se puede recomendar la aplicación del producto en la producción de papa en la Zona Norte de Cartago.The use of biostimulants based on marine algae has recently innovated agriculture, improving crops and causing positive effects on the quality, quantity and productivity of crops. Products made with extracts of the alga Ascophyllum nodosum are alternatives to improve production since its precursor effect of cytokinin´s allows obtaining plants resistant to pests and diseases and the good development of the crop improving the quality of the harvest. This research was carried out in two sites of the North Zone of Cartago where treatments were applied to potato plantations (Solanum tuberosum) (Granola variety) foliar treatments of the commercial product Ciplex® base of the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum at a dose of 2.5 ml / L and to 5 ml / L of water in three and five applications in the crop cycle and, a control to which no applications were made. The quality and weight of the harvest were evaluated according to the classification of first and second quality. The results showed that the quality and weight of the different doses and times did not show differences between them in both sites, while in all cases the treatments with applications were better to the control in both sites as well. It is concluded that a dose of 2.5 ml / L of water in three applications improves the weight and quality of the potato harvest and this result does not seem to be site-specific in the evaluated places, so the application of the product can be recommended in the production of potatoes in the North Zone of Cartago.Empresa RESUS

SDL - The IoT Language

Interconnected smart devices constitute a large and rapidly growing element of the contemporary Internet. A smart thing can be as simple as a web-enabled device that collects and transmits sensor data to a repository for analysis, or as complex as a web-enabled system to monitor and manage a smart home. Smart things present marvellous opportunities, but when they participate in complex systems, they challenge our ability to manage risk and ensure reliability. SDL, the ITU Standard Specification and Description Language, provides many advantages for modelling and simulating communicating agents – such as smart things – before they are deployed. The potential for SDL to enhance reliability and safety is explored with respect to existing smart things below. But SDL must advance if it is to become the language of choice for developing the next generation of smart things. In particular, it must target emerging IoT platforms, it must support simulation of interactions between pre-existing smart things and new smart things, and it must facilitate deployment of large numbers of similar things. Moreover, awareness of the potential benefits of SDL must be raised if those benefits are to be realized in the current and future Internet of Things.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Clima social familiar y conductas antisociales en adolescentes de secundaria de una institución educativa del Callao

El estudio tuvo como finalidad identificar la relación entre el clima social familiar y las conductas antisociales en adolescentes varones y mujeres que cursan el cuarto y quinto grado de secundaria de una institución educativa pública del Callao. El tipo de investigación fue básica y corresponde a un diseño no experimental, correlacional – transversal; con una muestra de 242 estudiantes, que fueron seleccionados a través del muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. Para los instrumentos de medición se utilizó la Escala del clima social familiar de Moos (FES) y el Cuestionario de conductas antisociales en la infancia y adolescencia. El análisis de datos se obtuvo a través de la prueba estadística Rho de Spearman para las correlaciones. Los resultados mostraron una predominancia en un nivel muy bueno con un 40.4% para el clima social familiar y una categoría ausente con un 68.1% paras las conductas antisociales. Además, se encontró una correlación inversa significativa entre el clima social familiar y las conductas antisociales; finalmente la dimensión estabilidad del clima social familiar mostro una correlación inversa con las conductas antisociales. Se concluye que la muestra de estudio cuanto mejor clima social familiar presenta menor será las conductas antisociales en los estudiantes de secundaria

Design capabilities for community resilience: Towards dialogic practices and policies

This paper draws on a pilot study insight into Brazilian informal-settlement communities’ problems, adaptative strategies and needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although communities play a noteworthy role in resilience, emergency and recovery plans often lack sufficient community engagement. This contributes to leaving particularly disadvantaged communities behind. Inequalities were further exacerbated during the pandemic, urging the deployment of plural and sustainable measures, which can promote equity in a global health crisis. Design can play a meaningful role in tackling inequalities in emergency and recovery. However, this role of design is still under-researched in resilience. We expand on related work analyses to draw on key design capabilities for the development of dialogic practices and policies aiming to contribute to designing effective participation of communities in decision-making processes. These key design capabilities support the development of dialogic design practices and policies by enhancing and supporting collaboration and communication throughout policy co-design

Temporal and geographical research trends of antimicrobial resistance in wildlife - A bibliometric analysis

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex and global problem. Despite the growing literature on AMR in the medical and veterinary settings, there is still a lack of knowledge on the wildlife compartment. The main aim of this study was to report the global trends in AMR research in wildlife, through a bibliometric study of articles found in the Web of Science database. Search terms were "ANTIMICROBIAL" OR "ANTIBIOTIC" AND "RESISTANT" OR "RESISTANCE" and "WILDLIFE" "MAMMAL" "BIRD" "REPTILE" "FERAL" "FREE RANGE". A total of 219 articles were obtained, published between 1979 and 2019. A rising interest in the last decades towards this topic becomes evident. During this period, the scientific literature was distributed among several scientific areas, however it became more multidisciplinary in the last years, focusing on the "One Health" paradigm. There was a geographical bias in the research outputs: most published documents were from the United States, followed by Spain, Portugal and the United Kingdom. The most productive institutions in terms of publication number were located in Portugal and Spain. An important level of international collaboration was identified. An analysis of the main keywords showed an overall dominance of "AMR", "E. coli", "genes", "prevalence", "bacteria", "Salmonella spp." and "wild birds". This is the first study providing a global overview of the spatial and temporal trends of research related to AMR in wildlife. Given the growth tendency over the last years, it is envisaged that scientific production will expand in the future. In addition to offering a broad view of the existing research trends, this study identifies research gaps both in terms of geographical incidence and in relation to unexplored subtopics. Unearthing scientific areas that should be explored in the future is key to designing new strategic research agendas in AMR research in wildlife and to inform funding programs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transcranial Focal Electrical Stimulation Modifies Biogenic Amines’ Alterations Induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine in Rat Brain

Transcranial focal stimulation (TFS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation strategy with neuroprotective effects. On the other hand, 6-hidroxidopamine (6-OHDA) induces neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal system producing modifications in the dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and histaminergic systems. The present study was conducted to test whether repetitive application of TFS avoids the biogenic amines’ changes induced by the intrastriatal injection of 6-OHDA. Experiments were designed to determine the tissue content of dopamine, serotonin, and histamine in the brain of animals injected with 6-OHDA and then receiving daily TFS for 21 days. Tissue content of biogenic amines was evaluated in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum, ipsi- and contralateral to the side of 6-OHDA injection. Results obtained were compared to animals with 6-OHDA, TFS alone, and a Sham group. The present study revealed that TFS did not avoid the changes in the tissue content of dopamine in striatum. However, TFS was able to avoid several of the changes induced by 6-OHDA in the tissue content of dopamine, serotonin, and histamine in the different brain areas evaluated. Interestingly, TFS alone did not induce significant changes in the different brain areas evaluated. The present study showed that repetitive TFS avoids the biogenic amines’ changes induced by 6-OHDA. TFS can represent a new therapeutic strategy to avoid the neurotoxicity induced by 6-OHDA

Community empowerment : lessons learned from a local health programme

The use of complex public health systems to empower communities is often met with challenges and frustrations. Community empowerment programmes focus on improving mental and physical health needs, enabling individuals to become active members of the local community through collective actions. Design research plays a crucial role in understanding the interactions between health and communities. Healthier Fleetwood is a successful community empowerment program in the northwest of the UK, that connects residents with local services, groups, and events to foster a sense of community and encourage them to control their health and well-being. The success of this approach and its impact on health has been reflected in encouraging trends for reduced GP and A&E visits by Fleetwood residents. Nevertheless, the why and how behind the success of this community programme and its impact had never been previously captured and understood. The aim of the research, reported in this paper, was to develop an in-depth understanding of what impact is understood to be for the community and those engaged in the Healthier Fleetwood initiative, in order to replicate benefits to other UK towns. To achieve this, the research team employed design research methods, such as co-design workshops, day in a life, photovoice, design blueprint, and conversation methods. The findings identified 12 key lessons learnt, that can be used to develop similar Health Community Programmes in other UK towns. These findings can be grouped into three key themes: working closely with the community, having enhanced communication and the programme structure