C-Nap1 mutation affects centriole cohesion and is associated with a Seckel-like syndrome in cattle

Caprine-like Generalized Hypoplasia Syndrome (SHGC) is an autosomal-recessive disorder in Montbéliarde cattle. Affected animals present a wide range of clinical features that include the following: delayed development with low birth weight, hind limb muscular hypoplasia, caprine-like thin head and partial coat depigmentation. Here we show that SHGC is caused by a truncating mutation in the CEP250 gene that encodes the centrosomal protein C-Nap1. This mutation results in centrosome splitting, which neither affects centriole ultrastructure and duplication in dividing cells nor centriole function in cilium assembly and mitotic spindle organization. Loss of C-Nap1-mediated centriole cohesion leads to an altered cell migration phenotype. This discovery extends the range of loci that constitute the spectrum of autosomal primary recessive microcephaly (MCPH) and Seckel-like syndromes

LAGoPEDE, a French breeding project to develop frost tolerant and FEVITA® <em>faba bean</em> varieties

National audienceThe INRA Plant Biology and Breeding division works together with the breeding company Agri Obtentions under the LAGoPEDE project to develop performant grain legume varieties for tomorrow’s agriculture. Grain legumes represent an important source of proteins for food and feed. One of the main targets of LAGoPEDE is to increase the area of cultivation and improve the seed quality of faba bean (Vicia faba) in France, by developing performant winter varieties well adapted to the North-East of the country. A frost tolerance screening of a diverse germplasm collection of 1,500 faba bean accessions available at INRA, Dijon was first conducted. Eleven frost-tolerant accessions were selected as genitors in LAGoPEDE. Considering the objective of producing FEVITA varieties, i.e. seeds with zero tannin and low vicine-convicine content, crosses between frost genitors and Mandoline, a FEVITA spring cultivar were performed. Additional crosses were made with genotypes exhibiting partial levels of tolerance to seed beetles (Coleoptera, Bruchinae) [1], an increasing problem for faba bean production. Phenotypic genealogical selection has essentially been undertaken for frost tolerance. Marker-assisted selection has been used to select low vicine-convicine genotypes [2]. LAGoPEDE will soon benefit of the outcomes of the PeaMUST project to include the SNP markers linked to quantitative trait loci responsible for bruchid and frost tolerance in the selection process

Projets IVD INRA-AgriObtentions variétales pour les légumineuses à graines

Prod 2018-220l BAP GEAPSI INRANational audienc

Breeding for wheat-pea mixtures: are the traits of pea varieties in sole crop predictive of their behaviour in mixture?

International audienc

MOSAIC on the ELT : optomechanical design of the NIR spectrograph

International audienceContext. The circumgalactic medium (CGM) is the location where the interplay between large-scale outflows and accretion onto galaxies occurs. Metals in different ionization states flowing between the circumgalactic and intergalactic mediums are affected by large galactic outflows and low-ionization state inflowing gas. Observational studies on their spatial distribution and their relation with galaxy properties may provide important constraints on models of galaxy formation and evolution. Aims. The main goal of this paper is to provide new insights into the spatial distribution of the circumgalactic of star-forming galaxies at 1.5  1.5) and stellar mass (log[ M ⋆ / M ⊙ ] > 10.2) show stronger C IV absorptions compared with those low SFR (log[SFR/( M ⊙ yr −1 )] < 0.9) and low stellar mass (log[ M ⋆ / M ⊙ ] < 9.26). The latter population instead shows stronger C II absorption than their more massive or more star-forming counterparts. We compute the C II /C IV W 0 line ratio that confirms the C II and C IV correlations with impact parameter, stellar mass, and star formation rate. We do not find any correlation with ϕ in agreement with other high-redshift studies and in contradiction to what is observed at low redshift where large-scale outflows along the minor axis forming bipolar outflows are detected. Conclusions. We find that the stronger C IV line absorptions in the outer regions of these star-forming galaxies could be explained by stronger outflows in galaxies with higher star formation rates and stellar masses that are capable of projecting the ionized gas up to large distances and/or by stronger UV ionizing radiation in these galaxies that is able to ionize the gas even at large distances. On the other hand, low-mass galaxies show stronger C II absorptions, suggesting larger reservoirs of cold gas that could be explained by a softer radiation field unable to ionize high-ionization state lines or by the galactic fountain scenario where metal-rich gas ejected from previous star formation episodes falls back to the galaxy. These large reservoirs of cold neutral gas around low-mass galaxies could be funnelled into the galaxies and eventually provide the necessary fuel to sustain star formation activity

Are the traits of wheat and pea cultivars in sole crop predictive of their behavior in mixtures? Consequences for advisors and breeders

International audienc

Development of new plant resources (genetic resources and ril populations) in [i]Vicia faba[/i] L. for genetic studies

BAPGEAPSIabsen

Breeding for intercropping: join applied genetics and agronomy for improved annual legume production

International audienceArchaeology offers evidence that growing plants together, with annual legumes as usually inevitable component, could be the most ancient cropping system in all primeval agricultural centres. With a ten millennia long tradition, intercropping annual legumes, usually with cereals and for diverse uses, has remained important all over the world until today. There is a phenomenon that brings together legume breeders and agronomists: both are aware that there are differences in the agronomic performance of the mixtures of annual legumes and other field crops if diverse annual legume cultivars are used. Wishing to understand this phenomenon properly and define its economic significance, we are establishing a firm interaction between breeders and agronomists, in order to design such annual legume ideotypes that would have the best agronomic performance when intercropped with diverse plants for either forage or grain or biomass or any other use. Our major hypotheses are that the ideotypes for intercropping are the genotypes being the most competitive in the same environment compartments or taking profit of the complementary compartments. However demanding, this is feasible: the preliminary schemes for forage and grain production, developed mostly at IFVCNS, produced encouraging results in field conditions. Joint efforts of annual legume breeders and agronomists should be beneficial for both scientific community and result in enhancing the legume cultivation and production in general

MOSAIC on the ELT: development of a camera prototype for the near-infrared spectrograph unit

International audienc