712 research outputs found
Direct observation of the quantum critical point in heavy fermion CeRhSi
We report on muon spin rotation studies of the noncentrosymmetric heavy
fermion antiferromagnet CeRhSi. A drastic and monotonic suppression of the
internal fields, at the lowest measured temperature, was observed upon an
increase of external pressure. Our data suggest that the ordered moments are
gradually quenched with increasing pressure, in a manner different from the
pressure dependence of the N\'eel temperature. At \unit{23.6}{kbar}, the
ordered magnetic moments are fully suppressed via a second-order phase
transition, and is zero. Thus, we directly observed the quantum
critical point at \unit{23.6}{kbar} hidden inside the superconducting phase
of CeRhSi
First order transition from correlated electron semiconductor to ferromagnetic metal in single crystalline FeSi1-xGex
The phase diagram of FeSi1-xGex, obtained from magnetic, thermal and
transport measurements on single crystals, shows a first-order transition from
a correlated electron semiconductor to a ferromagnetic metal at a critical
concentration, x ~ 0.25. The gap of the insulating phase strongly decreases
with x. The specific heat coefficient appears to track the density of states of
a Kondo insulator. The phase diagram is consistent with a correlation induced
insulator-metal transition in conjunction with disorder on the Si/Ge ligand
site
Sub-dekahertz ultraviolet spectroscopy of 199Hg+
Using a laser that is frequency-locked to a Fabry-Perot etalon of high
finesse and stability, we probe the 5d10 6s 2S_1/2 (F=0) - 5d9 6s 2D_5/2 (F=2)
Delta-m_F = 0 electric-quadrupole transition of a single laser-cooled 199Hg+
ion stored in a cryogenic radio-frequency ion trap. We observe
Fourier-transform limited linewidths as narrow as 6.7 Hz at 282 nm (1.06 X
10^15 Hz), yielding a line Q = 1.6 X 10^14. We perform a preliminary
measurement of the 5d9 6s2 2D_5/2 electric-quadrupole shift due to interaction
with the static fields of the trap, and discuss the implications for future
trapped-ion optical frequency standards.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted for publicatio
Measurement of Low-Energy Cosmic-Ray Antiprotons at Solar Minimum
The absolute fluxes of the cosmic-ray antiprotons at solar minimum are
measured in the energy range 0.18 to 1.4 GeV, based on 43 events unambiguously
detected in BESS '95 data. The resultant energy spectrum appears to be flat
below 1 GeV, compatible with a possible admixture of primary antiproton
component with a soft energy spectrum, while the possibility of secondary
antiprotons alone explaining the data cannot be excluded with the present
accuracy. Further improvement of statistical accuracy and extension of the
energy range are planned in future BESS flights.Comment: REVTeX, 4 pages including 4 eps figures. Submitted to PR
Multi-factor service design: identification and consideration of multiple factors of the service in its design process
Service design is a multidisciplinary area that helps innovate services by bringing new ideas to customers through a design-thinking approach. Services are affected by multiple factors, which should be considered in designing services. In this paper, we propose the multi-factor service design (MFSD) method, which helps consider the multi-factor nature of service in the service design process. The MFSD method has been developed through and used in five service design studies with industry and government. The method addresses the multi-factor nature of service for systematic service design by providing the following guidelines: (1) identify key factors that affect the customer value creation of the service in question (in short, value creation factors), (2) define the design space of the service based on the value creation factors, and (3) design services and represent them based on the factors. We provide real stories and examples from the five service design studies to illustrate the MFSD method and demonstrate its utility. This study will contribute to the design of modern complex services that are affected by varied factors
Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Antiproton Spectrum
The energy spectrum of cosmic-ray antiprotons has been measured in the range
0.18 to 3.56 GeV, based on 458 antiprotons collected by BESS in recent
solar-minimum period. We have detected for the first time a distinctive peak at
2 GeV of antiprotons originating from cosmic-ray interactions with the
interstellar gas. The peak spectrum is reproduced by theoretical calculations,
implying that the propagation models are basically correct and that different
cosmic-ray species undergo a universal propagation. Future BESS flights toward
the solar maximum will help us to study the solar modulation and the
propagation in detail and to search for primary antiproton components.Comment: REVTeX, 4 pages including 4 eps figure
Incidence of self-reported brain injury and the relationship with substance abuse: findings from a longitudinal community survey
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Traumatic or serious brain injury (BI) has persistent and well documented adverse outcomes, yet 'mild' or 'moderate' BI, which often does not result in hospital treatment, accounts for half the total days of disability attributed to BI. There are currently few data available from community samples on the incidence and correlates of these injuries. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the 1) incidence of self-reported mild (not requiring hospital admission) and moderate (admitted to hospital)) brain injury (BI), 2) causes of injury 3) physical health scores and 4) relationship between BI and problematic alcohol or marijuana use.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An Australian community sequential-cohort study (cohorts aged 20-24, 40-44 and 60-64 years at wave one) used a survey methodology to assess BI and substance use at baseline and four years later.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 7485 wave one participants, 89.7% were re-interviewed at wave two. There were 56 mild (230.8/100000 person-years) and 44 moderate BI (180.5/100000 person-years) reported between waves one and two. Males and those in the 20-24 year cohort had increased risk of BI. Sports injury was the most frequent cause of BI (40/100) with traffic accidents being a greater proportion of moderate (27%) than mild (7%) BI. Neither alcohol nor marijuana problems at wave one were predictors of BI. BI was not a predictor of developing substance use problems by wave two.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>BI were prevalent in this community sample, though the incidence declined with age. Factors associated with BI in community samples differ from those reported in clinical samples (e.g. typically traumatic brain injury with traffic accidents the predominate cause). Further, detailed evaluation of the health consequences of these injuries is warranted.</p
Uterine Rupture by Intended Mode of Delivery in the UK: A National Case-Control Study
A case-control study using UK data estimates the risk of uterine rupture in subsequent deliveries amongst women who have had a previous caesarean section
Measurement of the Atmospheric Muon Spectrum from 20 to 3000 GeV
The absolute muon flux between 20 GeV and 3000 GeV is measured with the L3
magnetic muon spectrometer for zenith angles ranging from 0 degree to 58
degree. Due to the large exposure of about 150 m2 sr d, and the excellent
momentum resolution of the L3 muon chambers, a precision of 2.3 % at 150 GeV in
the vertical direction is achieved.
The ratio of positive to negative muons is studied between 20 GeV and 500
GeV, and the average vertical muon charge ratio is found to be 1.285 +- 0.003
(stat.) +- 0.019 (syst.).Comment: Total 32 pages, 9Figure
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