Population Genetic Structure of Marine Fishes

Research on population genetics structure of marine fishes is increasing because of new technology based on DNA sequencing. This knowledge is necessary for management and conservation of natural population in marine environment. The aim of the chapter is to discuss about how genetic population structure get from DNA, allows us to know about dynamic of life history of species of Teleosts (Actinopterigii) and Chondrichthyes (Elasmobranchii). The analysis is based on taxonomic point of view. We hope to contribute to apply the new advances to management of natural population of fishes and marine wildlife

Fluctuations in export productivity over the last century from sediments of a southern Chilean fjord (44°S)

Author Posting. © The Authors, 2005. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B. V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 65 (2005): 587-600, doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.005.Here we present the first reconstruction of changes in surface primary production during the last century from the Puyuhuapi fjord in southern Chile, using a variety of parameters (diatoms, biogenic silica, total organic carbon, chlorins, and proteins) as productivity proxies. Two sediment cores from the head and the center of the fjord were analyzed and compared to gain insights on past changes in productivity in these two different depositional environments. Higher sedimentation rates found at the head of the fjord result from the combination of a shallower water column and a restricted circulation by the occurrence of a sill. Additionally, sediment mixing depths estimated from 210Pb data suggest that suboxic conditions may dominate the bottom water and the sediment-water interface in this location. Productivity of the Puyuhuapi fjord during the last century was characterized by a constant increase from the late 19th century to the early 1980s, then decreased until the late-1990s, and then rose again to present-day values. The influence of rainfall on productivity was most noticeable during periods of low rainfall, which coincided with decreased overall productivity within the Puyuhuapi fjord. Simultaneous variations in productivity and rainfall in the study area suggest that marine productivity could respond to atmospheric-oceanic interactions at a local scale. At a regional scale, marine productivity of the area may be related to other large-scale processes such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation.We are grateful to the Ministerio de Hacienda de Chile (Chilean Ministry of Treasury) and the National Oceanographic Committee (CONA) for financial support to carry out the Cimar-7 Fiordo Program (Grant C7F 01-10 to Silvio Pantoja), the FONDAP-COPAS Center, and Grant 200.031.085-1 (UdeC) for financial support. Sepúlveda was funded by a scholarship from the Graduate School of the University of Concepción and by the FONDAP-COPAS Center. Additional support was given by Fundación Andes through the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution/University of Concepción agreement

Aplicación de un programa psicopedagógico de actividades prácticas para reeducar el desarrollo de propiedades sociales de la personalidad: Iniciativa, respeto mutuo y dominio de si mismo, que contribuyan a mejorar las relaciones interpersonales en niños preescolares de 6 años a 6 años 11 meses de edad cronológica, de la comunidad La Labor No, 1, Sector Amatepec, jurisdicción de Soyapango, Departamento de San Salvador.

Las relaciones interpersonales en la sociedad se ven afectadas por una serie de problemas que son más notables en las comunidades marginadas especificamente en los niños en etapa pre escolar, debido a que es en está fase donde se desarrolla la personalidad de un niño

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Evaluacion del cultivo de sandia (Citrullus lanatus L) variedad Mickey Lee utilizando sustratos mejorados y determinacion de los coeficientes "kc" y ky", bajo riego. Finca Las Mercedes, Managua, 2009

El presente trabajo de investigación se estableció entre los meses de Marzo– Junio 2009, bajo sistema de riego por aspersión en la finca las Mercedes, ubicada en Managua km 11 carretera norte, 2 km entrada al Carnic en las coordenadas 12°10’14” a 12°08’05” de latitud Norte y 86°10’22” a 86°09’44” longitud Oeste, a una altura de 56 msnm. Con el objetivo de evaluar el cultivo de la sandía (Citrullus lanatus L) bajo tres tipos de fertilizantes orgánicos y un sintético, y obtención de los coeficientes del cultivo “Kc” y de rendimiento “Ky”. Se estableció un bloque completo al azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos orgánicos evaluados son: compost a razón de 25 595 kg ha-1 , bocashi 15 087 kg ha-1 y biofertilizante con aplicaciones de 20 000 lt ha-1 y un tratamiento sintético (testigo): fertilizante completo (NPK) formula 12-30-10, a razón de 350 kg ha-1 más urea 46% a razón de 219 kg ha-1 , todos los abonos orgánicos fueron elaborados como parte de la investigación haciendo uso de los distintos materiales que se tienen en la finca para su elaboración. Los resultados de campos se sometió a un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA) y separación de medias mediante el uso de la prueba de Diferencias Mínimas Significativas (LSD α=0.05). Utilizando el Software estadístico Infostat versión 2008. Con base a los datos obtenidos se puede afirmar, que no hubo diferencia significativa para las variables de crecimiento, tomadas en momentos diferentes, sin embargo para la variable de rendimiento y sus componentes se encontró diferencia significativas en número de frutos por planta (5.13), diámetro del fruto (15.90 cm), peso del fruto (5.96 lb) y rendimiento (70 020 kg ha-1 ) logrando obtener el mejor resultado cuando el cultivo se fertilizó con sintético, Con respecto a las variables de riego con un volumen de agua de 526.5 mm ha-1 en todo el ciclo del cultivo y tomando en cuenta las etapas fenológicas se le aplicó mayor volumen de agua en la etapa de floración y fructificación que es donde el cultivo requiere mayor cantidad de agua, logrando para todos los tratamientos un coeficiente de cultivo uniforme y curva de Kc siguió el mismo patrón de cualquier cultivo comercial, presentando una fase inicial, de desarrollo, de madurez y senescencia; En el caso de la reducción del coeficiente de rendimiento de la sandía en los tratamientos orgánicos no se debe a un estrés hídrico o limitación de agua durante los periodos de floración y fructificación que son los períodos más sensibles a la sequía, mas bien corresponde al factor de fertilidad ya que el abono orgánico no va dirigido a liberar grandes cantidades de nutrientes para el cultivo de una sola vez

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat