Characterization of the aroma and colour profiles of fortified Muscat wines: comparison of Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” grape variety with Red Muscat

Although Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” and Red Muscat grape varieties are both cultivated in the Douro Demarcated Region (Portugal), only Muscat Blanc is currently authorized for the production of the fortified wine “Moscatel do Douro”. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the Red Muscat grape variety to be employed in the winemaking of Douro Muscat wines. Wines of both grape varieties were produced from the 2013 and 2014 harvests, and were chemically and sensory analysed 12 and 3 months after stopping the alcoholic fermentation, respectively. The Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” variety produced musts with higher sugar content than the red variety, but the final levels of sugar and ethanol were similar in all wines owing to the control of the fermentation time. Red Muscat wines presented higher concentrations of rose oxide and nerol than Muscat Blanc “à petit grains”; however, these differences were only significant in the youngest wines. Linalool and α-terpineol were found at higher levels in the 2013 Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” wines. No significant differences were found for the ester compounds, except for 2-phenylethanol, which was higher in the Red Muscat wines. The 12 months old wines presented a higher total concentration of esters than the younger wines. No significant differences were found for the higher alcohols composition between the two grape varieties. The chromatic analysis showed that, besides having a redder tone, Red Muscat wines had a higher colour intensity and a more pure/saturated colour than Muscat Blanc “à petit grains” wines. The sensory analysis did not detect significant differences in the aromatic and gustatory profiles between the two grape varieties. The Red Muscat grape variety shows great potential to be employed in the production of Muscat fortified wine either as monovarietal or in blends with Muscat Blanc “à petit grains”.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ciladas da cultura e da diferensa : sobre a discussão racial no Brasil

This paper discussed some of the ambushes present in notions such as culture, identity, race and difference. The concept presented here about culture, which translates by Felix Guattari & Suely Rolnik (1986), with the purpose of showing that such idea intends to make reference to the structure of a cohesive socialization, harmonic, free of power related feelings, therefore, taken by signs and experiences which is alleged authentic. Knowing the problematic, we are trying to emphasize with the conception as such as difference, which one was meant to Antônio Flávio Pierucci (1999/2000) showing the argumentation about differences that came from a conservative empiricist. The presentation of the proportions mentioned above will allow the discussion about the use of the afro-descendants model in Brazil, knowing the contributions of Bernadete Beserra (2011) that has brought up the danger that there is in thinking such a conservative e politically reactionary idea.Neste trabalho discutimos algumas armadilhas presentes em noções como cultura, identidade, diferença e raça. Para tanto, tomaremos aqui o conceito de cultura, tal como trazido por Felix Guattari & Suely Rolnik (1986), com o propósito de mostrar como por diversas vezes essa noção pretende fazer referência a uma estrutura de socialização coesa, harmônica, isenta de relações de poder e, portanto, abstraída e fetichizada a partir de signos e de experiências supostos como mais autênticos. Em articulação com esta problemática, trabalharemos com a noção de diferença tal como significada por Antônio Flávio Pierucci (1999/2000), apresentando sua argumentação de que a ênfase em demarcar as diferenças provém de um pensamento conservador-empirista. A apresentação das proposições dos autores acima mencionados permitirá a discussão da apropriação e uso do modelo da afrodescendência no Brasil, valendo-nos para tanto das contribuições de Bernadete Beserra (2011) que têm discutido a pertinência e perigos da persistência de um pensamento conservador e politicamente reacionário

Criterion, construct and predictive validity of computerised respiratory sounds in COPD

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Study of impregnation and drying factors in the characteristics of globules used in homeopathy

Globules are one of the most dosage forms dispensed in homeopathic pharmacies in Brazil. This work aimed at comparing different impregnation techniques specified in the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia 2 Edition and Manual of Technical Norms for Homeopathic Pharmacy 3 Edition and the practical in homeopathic pharmacies in the city of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The formulations variables percent active raw material (3 and 10%), impregnation type (simple and triple) and the process variable drying temperature (20 and 50ºC) were analyzed through a factorial design 2³. The studied answers were the weight before and after the impregnation and time of disaggregation. The results show a larger weight difference with the 10% impregnation and the drying of 50ºC, regardless of the impregnation type. The time of disaggregation wasn't influenced by the studied variables (p < 0.05). The best homogeneity was verified for the formulation with triple impregnation at 10%.Glóbulos são uma das formas farmacêuticas mais dispensadas em farmácias homeopáticas no Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar técnicas de impregnação especificadas na Farmacopéia Homeopática Brasileira 2ª Edição e Manual de Normas Técnicas para Farmácia Homeopática 3ª Edição e na prática em farmácias homeopáticas do município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. As variáveis de formulação percentual de insumo ativo (3 e 10%) e tipo de impregnação (simples e tríplice) e a variável de processo temperatura de secagem (20 e 50ºC) foram analisadas através de planejamento fatorial 2³. As respostas estudadas foram o peso antes e após impregnação e o tempo de desagregação. Os resultados mostraram maior diferença de peso com impregnação a 10 % e secagem a 50ºC, independente do tipo de impregnação. O tempo de desagregação não foi influenciado pelas variáveis em estudo (p < 0,05). Verificou-se melhor homogeneidade para a formulação com impregnação tríplice a 10%

Epididymal morphophysiology of adult collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu)

O entendimento funcional do epidídimo possibilita o aumento da fertilidade de uma espécie, pois torna possível a preservação de gametas para o uso em técnicas de reprodução assistida. Este trabalho estudou os aspectos histológicos das diferentes regiões do epidídimo de Pecari tajacu, bem como as patologias associadas encontradas nos espermatozoides presentes nesse órgão. Após procedimento cirúrgico de orquiectomia, para remoção dos testículos e epidídimos, obtidos de oito animais adultos nascidos em cativeiro, realizou-se a fixação e o processamento histológico das amostras. Constatou-se em todas as regiões do epidídimo (cabeça, corpo e cauda) a presença de epitélio pseudoestratificado colunar com estereocílios. Foram observadas semelhanças entre a altura média do epitélio do corpo e da cauda, a qual era diferente da encontrada na cabeça (1- proximal: região associada aos ductos eferentes; 2- distal: região associada ao corpo do epidídimo). Foi verificado que a cabeça proximal apresenta a média de diâmetro dos túbulos menor em relação às demais porções do epidídimo. Em relação às patologias dos espermatozoides, constataram-se treze tipos diferentes de alterações morfológicas. Os espermatozoides subdesenvolvidos e cabeças soltas foram as mais frequentes ao longo do epidídimo de catitus. Os dados deste trabalho são pioneiros, e servirão como base para pesquisas comparativas sobre a biologia reprodutiva dos artiodátilos, contribuindo para a sua conservação e produção.A functional understanding of the epididymis makes it possible to increase a species’ fertility, since it facilitates the preservation of gametes for use in assisted reproduction techniques. This study analyzed the histological features of the different regions of the epididymis of the Pecari tajacu and the associated pathologies found in the spermatozoa present in this organ. After an orchiectomy surgery to remove the testicles and epididymis obtained from eight adult animals bred in captivity, fixation and histological processing of samples were carried out. The presence of pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia was observed in all regions of the epididymis (caput, corpus and caudal). Similarities were noted between the average height of the corpus and caudal epithelium, which differed from that found at the caput (1- proximal: region associated with the efferent ducts; 2- distal: region associated with corpus epididymis). It was also observed that the proximal caput presents a smaller average of the tubules diameter compared to other portions of the epididymis. Regarding pathologies of the spermatozoa, thirteen different types of morphological modifications were observed. Underdeveloped spermatozoa and detached heads were most frequently encountered along the epididymis of the collared peccaries. This study is a pioneer in the area and its data will serve as a basis for comparative research on the reproductive biology of artiodactyls, thus contributing to their conservation and reproduction

Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in adolescent students of Ibague 2013

ABSTRACT: To describe the modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent students in the district one of the city of Ibague in the second half of 2013. Methodology: A crosssectional study with 149 students; using 4 modules of global school health survey (gshs), anthropometric measurements and blood pressure, non-parametric tests for the analysis of risk factors as sociodemographic and clinical characteristics; bivariate analysis to determine differences of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors by age, sex and type of educational establishment. Results: The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 97%; 59% risk of alcoholism; unhealthy eating 53%; 13% overweight and obesity; current smoker teenager 9%, and finally, hypercholesterolemia 7%. Discussion: the risk factors in adolescents had a high prevalence even without established disease indicate, however the continuity of these behaviors can lead to cardiovascular problems and social level staff. Conclusions: This study provides a critical line based on the implementation of promotion and prevention strategies in adolescents for reducing morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease of the Tolima population, should include the creation of opportunities for recreation and sport control of alcohol and snuff and nutrition for mothers and owners of establishments that increase the daily intake and the supply of healthy foods including education.RESUMEN: Describir los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en adolescentes escolarizados de la comuna uno de Ibagué en el segundo semestre del 2013. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal con 149 estudiantes, utilizando 4 módulos de la encuesta mundial de salud a escolares (gshs por sus siglas en inglés), medidas antropométricas y presión arterial, con pruebas no paramétricas para el análisis de los factores de riesgo según características sociodemográficas y clínicas y, análisis bivariado para determinar las diferencias de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables por edad, sexo y tipo de establecimiento educativo. Resultados: la prevalencia de sedentarismo fue 97%; riesgo de alcoholismo 59%; alimentación no saludable 53%; sobrepeso y obesidad 13%; fumador actual 9%, e hipercolesterolemia con 7%. Discusión: los factores de riesgo en los adolescentes presentan una alta prevalencia aunque no indican enfermedad establecida; sin embargo la continuidad de estas conductas puede llevar a problemas a nivel cardiovascular, personal y social. Conclusiones: este estudio aporta una línea de base para la implementación de estrategias de promoción y prevención en adolescentes hacia la disminución de la morbi-mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular (ecv) de la población Tolimense. Se deben crear espacios de recreación y deporte, control de consumo de alcohol y tabaco y, educación nutricional para madres y propietarios de establecimientos que permitan aumentar la ingesta diaria y la oferta de alimentos saludables, entre otros

Crenças associadas a serpentes no estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil

Snakes, since the dawn of humanity, makepart of an amount of legendary histories and mythes of the whole world because of their true capability in increasing thepopular imaginary. In Brazil, in almost all areas, there is an abundant folklore about these animals. An ethnographic surveyabout the beliefs and the respective scientific considerations involving snakes in Cear&aacute; State, northeastern Brazil, werecarried out between 2008 and 2010. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with selected &lsquo;local experts&rsquo; in themunicipalities of Aratuba, Pacoti and Mulungu (mountain region); Itapaj&eacute;, Irau&ccedil;uba and Tururu (semi-arid region) and S&atilde;oGon&ccedil;alo do Amarante and Caucaia (coastal area). In the study areas, there is a local differentiation between &lsquo;snakes withand without venom&rsquo;, although even the majority of snakes considered venomous by the locals are not lethal to humans.The interviewees indicated a preference in the use of snake anti-venum in case of snake bites, however, they alsoconsidered that home remedies were effective. For certain specific snakes, we described the folklore characterized byassimilation of morphological, physiological and ecological features, the majority of which are not corroborated by thezoological literature. This is probably because the sense of fear makes it difficult to promote folklore in a manner that ismore consistent with scientific knowledge. The conflicting relationship between humans and snakes has led to a commonlaw justification for the indiscriminate hunting of these animals causing serious environmental and health problems thatcan only be addressed through public policies directed towards environmental education, and the prevention and treatmentof snakebites.As serpentes, desde os prim&oacute;rdios da humanidade, s&atilde;o alocadas em relatos m&iacute;ticos e lend&aacute;rios de diversasetnias e regi&otilde;es de todo o mundo devido &agrave; sua capacidade hist&oacute;rica de despertar o imagin&aacute;rio popular. No Brasil, empraticamente todas as regi&otilde;es, existe uma grande riqueza de cren&ccedil;as envolvendo esses animais. A fim de realizar umlevantamento etnogr&aacute;fico sobre as cren&ccedil;as e suas respectivas infer&ecirc;ncias cient&iacute;ficas envolvendo of&iacute;dios no estado do Cear&aacute;,Nordeste do Brasil, foram realizadas, entre os anos de 2008 e 2010, entrevistas semiestruturadas com &ldquo;especialistaslocais&rdquo; selecionados nos munic&iacute;pios de Aratuba, Pacoti e Mulungu (&aacute;rea serrana); Itapaj&eacute;, Irau&ccedil;uba e Tururu (&aacute;rea sertaneja)e o litoral de S&atilde;o Gon&ccedil;alo do Amarante e Caucaia (&aacute;rea litor&acirc;nea). Nas &aacute;reas abordadas, h&aacute; uma diferencia&ccedil;&atilde;o entre &ldquo;cobrascom ou sem veneno&rdquo;, sendo que a maioria das serpentes consideradas pe&ccedil;onhentas pelos entrevistados n&atilde;o possuempotencial ven&ocirc;mico letal ao ser humano. Os entrevistados afirmam a prioridade de uso do soro antiof&iacute;dico em caso deacidentes, por&eacute;m eles consideram outros procedimentos caseiros como eficazes. Para determinadas esp&eacute;cies de serpentes,foram levantadas cren&ccedil;as constitu&iacute;das por assimila&ccedil;&otilde;es de caracteres morfol&oacute;gicos, fisiol&oacute;gicos e ecol&oacute;gicos, a maioria dasquais n&atilde;o corrobora a literatura zool&oacute;gica. Isso acontece provavelmente porque o sentimento de medo impede umaaproxima&ccedil;&atilde;o que pudesse promover um conhecimento popular que corroborasse de maneira mais consistente o conhecimentocient&iacute;fico. A rela&ccedil;&atilde;o conflituosa entre humanos e serpentes leva a uma justificativa leiga para o abate indiscriminado dessesanimais, causando problemas ambientais e de sa&uacute;de p&uacute;blica graves, que devem ser solucionados principalmente atrav&eacute;s depol&iacute;ticas p&uacute;blicas de educa&ccedil;&atilde;o ambiental, preven&ccedil;&atilde;o e tratamento de acidentes of&iacute;dicos

Perfis de DPOC e características tratáveis utilizando recursos mínimos: Identificação, árvore de decisão e estabilidade longitudinal

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly heterogeneous and complex. Hence, personalising assessments and treatments to this population across different settings and available resources imposes challenges and debate. Research efforts have been made to identify clinical phenotypes or profiles for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, such profiles often do not describe treatable traits, focus on complex physiological/pulmonary measures which are frequently not available across settings, lack validation and/or their stability over time is unknown. Objective: To identify profiles and their treatable traits based on simple and meaningful measures; to develop and validate a profile decision tree; and to explore profiles’ stability over time in people with COPD. Methods: An observational, prospective study was conducted with people with COPD. Clinical characteristics, lung function, symptoms, impact of the disease (COPD assessment test–CAT), health-related quality of life, physical activity, lower-limb muscle strength and functional status were collected cross-sectionally and a subsample was followed-up monthly over six months. A principal component analysis and a clustering procedure with k-medoids were applied to identify profiles. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary (i.e., physical, symptoms and health status, and behavioural/life-style risk factors) treatable traits were identified in each profile based on the established cut-offs for each measure available in the literature. The decision tree was developed with 70% and validated with 30% of the sample, cross-sectionally. Agreement between the profile predicted by the decision tree and the profile defined by the clustering procedure was determined using Cohen’s Kappa. Stability was explored over time with a stability score defined as the percentage ratio between the number of timepoints that a participant was classified in the same profile (most frequent profile for that participant) and the total number of timepoints (i.e., 6). Results: 352 people with COPD (67.4±9.9 years; 78.1% male; FEV1=56.2±20.6% predicted) participated and 90 (67.6±8.9 years; 85.6% male; FEV1=52.1±19.9% predicted) were followed-up. Four profiles were identified with distinct treatable traits. The decision tree was composed by the CAT, age and FEV1% predicted and had an agreement of 71.7% (Cohen’s Kappa=0.62, p<0.001) with the actual profiles. 48.9% of participants remained in the same profile whilst 51.1% moved between two (47.8%) and three (3.3%) profiles over time. The overall stability of profiles was 86.8±15%. Conclusion: Profiles and treatable traits can be identified in people with COPD with simple and meaningful measures possibly available even in minimal-resource settings. Regular assessments are recommended as people with COPD may change profile over time and hence their needs of personalised treatment.N/

Clinical characteristics of COPD Phenotypes

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Bulimia: alterações no corpo físico e psíquico

A bulimia nervosa (BN) é um transtorno alimentar de causas multifatoriais e que possui raízes mais profundas do que apenas a relação do indivíduo com a nutrição. O presente estudo objetivou revisar a produção científica, a fim de responder à seguinte pergunta: “Quais as repercussões psíquicas e clínicas no paciente com bulimia nervosa e quais tipos de intervenções podem ser propostas?". Para tal, foi realizada uma busca, no período de outubro e novembro de 2022, nas bases de dados: Medline/PubMed e The Cochrane Library, com rastreamento de estudos publicados no período de 2012 a 2022. Foram identificados 454 estudos, dos quais, após serem aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, apenas 14 artigos foram inseridos nesta revisão. A partir desse resultado foi possível entender que indivíduos com BN estão em sofrimento psíquico e necessitam não só de intervenção psiquiátrica, como também nutricional, psicológica e farmacológica para gradual remissão da doença