Physical and Physiological Responses of U-14, U-16, and U-18 Soccer Players on Different Small-Sided Games

As most existing studies in youth academies are focused on top players, the objective of this research is to analyze the physical and physiological demands of various small-sided games (SSGs) on different age categories within a sub-elite soccer academy. We evaluated 63 young players from a Spanish sub-elite academy (under 14 = 21; under 16 = 21; under 18 = 21). Players performed four different small-side games focused on possession game (3-a-side; 4-a-side; 5-a-side; 6-a-side). The global indicators of performance and high-intensity actions were recorded through global positioning systems, whereas the heart rate responses were measured using heart rate monitors. Results: Under 16 ran a greater distance at high-intensity velocity than under 14 in the small side games 3v3 and 6v6. Furthermore, under 16 also ran a greater distance at high-intensity velocity than under 18 in the small side game 3v3 (p 2.75 m/s2) than the other age groups, under 16 and U18 (p 1). According to the physiological load, SSG 3v3 presented lower outcomes in Zone 6 (> 95% HRmax) than the small side game 4v4 and the small side game 5v5, in both under 14 and under 16. The workload of SSGs varies depending on the number of players, but also depending on the players’ ages. Therefore, when designing the SSGs it is important to consider both the players’ ages and the workload that want to be achieved.Sin financiaciónNo data 2020UE

Evaluación de 80 implantes, sometidos a carga inmediata en desdentados inferiores tras un seguimiento de dos años

Objetivo: Analizar el comportamiento tanto clínico como radiológico de ochentas implantes con una nueva superficie tratada mediante una disolución de ácido sulfúrico y fluorhídrico con posterior tratamiento térmico, que han sido sometidos a carga inmediata en pacientes rehabilitados con sobredentaduras inferiores. Diseño del artículo: Estudio observacional, prospectivo en 20 pacientes rehabilitados con sobredentaduras inferiores, soportadas sobre cuatro implantes de 13 milímetros de longitud. Todos los pacientes fueron planificados e incluídos tras el consentimiento, anamnesis, exploración clínica y estudio radiográfico y mediante montaje clínico previo de la prótesis inferior. Resultados: Durante los dos años de seguimiento, se ha obervado que el acúmulo de placa y cálculo no ha sido importante, oscilando los índices (Silness y Löe) entre 0 y 1. El sondaje periodontal, ha sido favorable no encontrando pacientes que superasen 2 milímetros. Los controles radiográficos mostraron a lo largo del seguimiento ausencia de fracaso implantológico. Las pérdidas óseas cervicales, durante el primer año, no existieron en un alto porcentaje (65%), mientras que en un 10% se produjo la reabsorción de la mitad cervical y en el 35% restante sobre las ¾ partes cervicales. El comportamiento durante el segundo año fue compatible a los patrones estándares, observándose pérdidas que oscilaron entre 0,5 y 1,5 milímetros. Conclusiones: La rehabilitación mediante sobredentaduras inferiores, debiera contemplarse como una indicación prioritaria, planteándose la sustitución de los tratamientos implantológicos con períodos de reposo convencionales y/o precoces.Aim: An analysis is made of the clinical and radiological behavior of 80 implants with a new surface subjected to etching with a sulfuric and hydrofluoric acid solution followed by thermal treatment, and subjected to immediate loading in patients with lower overdentures. Study design: A prospective observational study was made of 20 patients with lower overdentures supported by four implants measuring 13 mm in length. All patients were included after the obtainment of informed consent, anamnesis, clinical examination and radiological study, with prior clinical elaboration of the lower dentures. Results: Over two years of follow-up, no important plaque or tartar accumulation was observed (with Silness and Löe indexes of 0-1). Periodontal probing proved favorable, with no pocket depths of over 2 mm in any case. The radiological controls showed no implant failures during follow-up. No cervical bone loss was recorded in the first year in a large proportion of cases (65%), while reabsorption of the cervical half was observed in 10%, and of three-quarters of the cervical portion in the remaining 35%. Performance in the second year was compatible with the standard references ' with losses of between 0.5-1.5 mm. Conclusions: Rehabilitation with lower overdentures should be regarded as a priority indication, and implantological treatment substitution by conventional and/or early resting periods should be considered

Pathological diagnostic tool based on the combination of different disciplines. Management of the preservation of cultural heritage. Application in the structural consolidation of rock structures

[EN] The preservation of cultural heritage must encompass different disciplines for its management to be optimal. The behaviour of a historic building depends on many factors, which include its real geometry, the characteristics of the materials with which it was built, pathologies arising throughout its existence and the conditions of its surroundings. Different techniques are therefore required and these must be complemented in order to manage our cultural heritage comprehensively. Coria Cathedral (Cáceres) is an example of a singular building with secular pathologies. This study of the cathedral combined modern techniques of analysis and description. Geomatic techniques were used (differential levelling, terrestrial laser scanner, GNSS), geophysical prospecting methods (electrical tomography), geotechnical descriptive methods, three-dimensional modelling and verification of structural systems. The results obtained served as the basis to determine and locate the origin building's pathologies and to develop a project for the structural consolidation.The works described in this article have been made possible thanks to financing by the Diocese and Cathedral Council of Coria-Cáceres, cultural funding of 1.5% from the Ministry of Development of the Government of Spain and subsidy from the Junta of Extremadura. In the preparation of the article, the collaboration of the Cathedral Council of Coria-Cáceres, the Diocesan. Also, this publication has been made possible thanks to funding granted by the Consejería de Economía, Ciencia y Agenda Digital de la Junta de Extremadura and by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union through the reference grant GR21156.Romo-Berlana, J.; Sánchez-Fernández, M.; Berenguer-Sempere, F.; De Sanjosé-Blasco, J. (2023). Pathological diagnostic tool based on the combination of different disciplines. Management of the preservation of cultural heritage. Application in the structural consolidation of rock structures. En 5th Joint International Symposium on Deformation Monitoring (JISDM 2022). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 243-250. https://doi.org/10.4995/JISDM2022.2022.1382924325

Biomimetic Citrate-Coated Luminescent Apatite Nanoplatforms for Diclofenac Delivery in Inflammatory Environments

This research was funded by Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCI) and co-funded with FEDER, UE, Project No. PGC2018-102047-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). M.P. acknowledges the Progetto di Ricerca Fondi di Ateneo per la Ricerca-FAR 2018 "Development of innovative biological materials for the functional regeneration of cardiac tissue models".Luminescent nanoparticles are innovative tools for medicine, allowing the imaging of cells and tissues, and, at the same time, carrying and releasing different types of molecules. We explored and compared the loading/release ability of diclofenac (COX-2 antagonist), in both undoped- and luminescent Terbium(3+) (Tb3+)-doped citrate-coated carbonated apatite nanoparticles at different temperatures (25, 37, 40 degrees C) and pHs (7.4, 5.2). The cytocompatibility was evaluated on two osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteoblasts. Biological effects of diclofenac-loaded-nanoparticles were monitored in an in vitro osteoblast's cytokine-induced inflammation model by evaluating COX-2 mRNA expression and production of PGE(2). Adsorption isotherms fitted the multilayer Langmuir-Freundlich model. The maximum adsorbed amounts at 37 degrees C were higher than at 25 degrees C, and particularly when using the Tb3+ -doped particles. Diclofenac-release efficiencies were higher at pH 5.2, a condition simulating a local inflammation. The luminescence properties of diclofenac-loaded Tb3+ -doped particles were affected by pH, being the relative luminescence intensity higher at pH 5.2 and the luminescence lifetime higher at pH 7.4, but not influenced either by the temperature or by the diclofenac-loaded amount. Both undoped and Tb3+-doped nanoparticles were cytocompatible. In addition, diclofenac release increased COX-2 mRNA expression and decreased PGE(2) production in an in vitro inflammation model. These findings evidence the potential of these nanoparticles for osteo-localized delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs and the possibility to localize the inflammation, characterized by a decrease in pH, by changes in luminescence.Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCI)European Commission PGC2018-102047-B-I0

Self-Referenced Multifrequency Phase-Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopy

Phase-resolved luminescence chemical sensors provide the analyte determination based on the estimation of the luminescence lifetime. The lifetime is estimated from an analysis of the amplitudes and/or phases of the excitation and emission signals at one or several modulation frequencies. This requires recording both the excitation signal (used to modulate the light source) and the emission signal (obtained from an optical transducer illuminated by the luminescent sensing phase). The excitation signal is conventionally used as reference, in order to obtain the modulation factor (the ratio between the emission and the excitation amplitudes) and/or the phase shift (the difference between the emission and the excitation phases) at each modulation frequency, which are used to estimate the luminescence lifetime. In this manuscript, we propose a new method providing the luminescence lifetimes (based either on amplitudes or phases) using only the emission signal (i.e., omitting the excitation signal in the procedure). We demonstrate that the luminescence lifetime can be derived from the emission signal when it contains at least two harmonics, because in this case the amplitude and phase of one of the harmonics can be used as reference. We present the theoretical formulation as well as an example of application to an oxygen measuring system. The proposed self-referenced lifetime estimation provides two practical advantages for luminescence chemical sensors. On one hand, it simplifies the instrument architecture, since only one analog-to-digital converter (for the emission signal) is necessary. On the other hand, the self-referenced estimation of the lifetime improves the robustness against degradation of the sensing phase or variations in the optical coupling, which reduces the recalibration requirements when the lifetimes are based on amplitudes.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness CTQ2017-88079-P CTQ2014-53442-P BES-2009-026919Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Torres Quevedo Grants) PTQ-15-07922 PTQ-15-07912CEI BioTic Granada Campus CEIbioTIC14-201

Bioinspired Mineralization of Type I Collagen Fibrils with Apatite in Presence of Citrate and Europium Ions

Synthetic nanostructured hybrid composites based on collagen and nanocrystalline apatites are interesting materials for the generation of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this work, mineralized collagen fibrils were prepared in the presence of citrate and Eu3+. Citrate is an indispensable and essential structural/functional component of bone. Eu3+ endows the mineralized fibrils of the necessary luminescent features to be potentially employed as a diagnostic tool in biomedical applications. The assembly and mineralization of collagen were performed by the neutralization method, which consists in adding dropwise a Ca(OH)2 solution to a H3PO4 solution containing the dispersed type I collagen until neutralization. In the absence of citrate, the resultant collagen fibrils were mineralized with nanocrystalline apatites. When citrate was added in the titrant solution in a Citrate/Ca molar ratio of 2 or 1, it acted as an inhibitor of the transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to nanocrystalline apatite. The addition of Eu3+ and citrate in the same titrant solution lead to the formation of Eu3+–doped citrate–coated ACP/collagen fibrils. Interestingly, the relative luminescent intensity and luminescence lifetime of this latter composite were superior to those of Eu3+–doped apatite/collagen prepared in absence of citrate. The cytocompatibility tests, evaluated by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) colorimetric assay in a dose–dependent manner on GTL–16 human gastric carcinoma cells, on MG–63 human osteosarcoma cells and on the m17.ASC, a spontaneously immortalized mouse mesenchymal stem cell clone from subcutaneous adipose tissue, show that, in general, all samples are highly cytocompatible.This research was funded by Spanish MINEICO and co–funded by FEDER (grant number MAT2014–60533–R). C. V.–E. acknowledges the Spanish MINEICO for his contract PTA2015–11103–I. M.I. acknowledges support by the Italian National Research Program–National Research Council (PNRCNR) Aging Program 2012–2014. The Excellence Network of Crystallography and Crystallization “Factoría de Cristalización” FIS2015–71928–REDC funded by Spanish MINEICO is also acknowledged

Bioinspired crystallization, sensitized luminescence and cytocompatibility of citrate-functionalized Ca-substituted europium phosphate monohydrate nanophosphors

Bio compatible nanosystems exhibiting long lifetime ( ~millisecond) luminescence features are particu l arly relevant in the field of bioimaging. In this study, citrate functionalized calcium doped europium phosphates nanophosphors of the rhabdophane type were prepared at different synthesis times by a bioinspired crystallization route, consisting in thermal decomplexing of ca2•tEu3• {citrate{phosphate{car bonate solutions. The general formula of this material is Ca«Eu1 a(PO4) 1 a(HP04 l,,•nH2O, with CJ. ranging from 0 to 0.58 and n ~ 1. A thorough characterization of the nanoparticles has been carried out by XRD (including data processing with Topas 6.0), HR TEM, TEM, FTIR, TG{ITTA. ICP, dynamic light scattering (OLS), electrophoretic mobility, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on these results a crystallization mechanism involving the filling of cationic sites with Ca21ons associated to a concomitant adjustment of the P04{HPO4 ratio was proposed Upon calcium doping, the aspect ratio of the nanoparticles as well as of the crystalline domains decreased and the relative luminescence intensity (R.LI.) could be modulated. Neither the pH nor the ionic strength, nor the temperature (from 25 to 37 C) affected signif icantly the R.L.I. of particles after resuspension in water, leading to rather steady luminescence features usable in a large domain of conditions. This new class of luminescent compounds has been proved to be fully cytocompatible relative to GTL 16 human carcinoma cells and showed an improved cytocompatibil ity as the Ca2+ content increased when contacted with the more sensitive m17. ASC murine mesenchymal stem cells. These biocompatible nanoparticles thus appear as promising new tailorable tools for biomed ical applications as luminescent nanoprobes.We greatly acknowledge the project Biomin nanoapatite MAT2014 60533 R supported by Spanish MINEICO and co funded by FEDER and the Excellence Network of Crystallography and Crystallization "Factoría de Cristalización" FIS2015 71928 REDC supported by Spanish MINEICO. Cristóbal Verdugo Escamilla also acknowledges the Spanish MINEICO for his contract PT A2015 11103 I

Eu-Doped Citrate-Coated Carbonated Apatite Luminescent Nanoprobes for Drug Delivery

In the field of Nanomedicine, there is an increasing demand for new inorganic nanophosphors with low cytotoxicity and efficient loading-release ability of drugs for applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. This work assesses the potentiality of matured Eu-doped citrate-coated carbonated apatite nanoparticles to be used as theranostic platforms, for bioimaging, as luminescent nanoprobes, and for drug delivery applications, using Doxorubicin as a model drug. The drug adsorption isotherm fits the Langmuir–Freundlich (LF) model, showing that the Eu:cit-cAp nanoparticles can carry a maximum of 0.29 +/- 0.02 mg Doxo mg Eu:cit-cAp-1 (Qmax). The affinity constant KFL for this binding is 44 +/- 2 mL mg-1, and the cooperativity coefficient r is 6 +/- 1. The nanoparticle suspensions presented charge reversion from negative to positive after loading with Doxo as revealed by the c-potential versus pH characterization. The release of drug from the loaded nanoparticles was found to be strongly pH-dependent, being around 5 wt % at physiological pH 7.4 and 20 wt % at pH 5, in experiments lasting 24 h. Luminescence spectroscopic measurements of Doxo-loaded nanoparticles revealed the increase of luminescence with a decrease in the amount of adsorbed Doxo, due to the so-called inner filter effect. The nanoparticles free of Doxo were cytocompatible when interacted with two human cell lines derived respectively from a gastric carcinoma (GTL-16), and a hepatocarcinoma (Huh7), while Doxo-loaded nanoparticles displayed significant toxicity in a dose-dependent relationship. Therefore, the new nanoassemblies might have a dual function, as nanoprobes in bioimaging by detecting the fate of the nanoparticles in biological environments, and for monitoring the delivery of the drug in such environments, by measuring the rise of the luminescence provided by the desorption of Doxo.This research was funded by Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and co-funded with FEDER, UE, Project No. PGC2018-102047-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). The APC was funded by Grant No. PGC2018-102047-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). C.J.-L. thanks project CGL2016-76723 (MINECO/FEDER, UE). Y.J. wants to acknowledge an FPU2016 grant (Ref. FPU16_04580)

Relationship between Prenatal or Postnatal Exposure to Pesticides and Obesity: A Systematic Review

In recent years, the worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults and children has dramatically increased. The conventional model regarding the onset of obesity is based on an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. However, other possible environmental factors involved, such as the exposure to chemicals like pesticides, cannot be discarded. These compounds could act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) that may interfere with hormone activity related to several mechanisms involved in body weight control. The main objective of this study was to systematically review the data provided in the scientific literature for a possible association between prenatal and postnatal exposure to pesticides and obesity in offspring. A total of 25 human and 9 animal studies were analyzed. The prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal exposure to organophosphate, organochlorine, pyrethroid, neonicotinoid, and carbamate, as well as a combined pesticide exposure was reviewed. This systematic review reveals that the effects of pesticide exposure on body weight are mostly inconclusive, finding conflicting results in both humans and experimental animals. The outcomes reviewed are dependent on many factors, including dosage and route of administration, species, sex, and treatment duration. More research is needed to effectively evaluate the impact of the combined effects of different pesticides on human health.This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and Instituto Mixto de Investigación-Escuela Nacional de Sanidad (IMIENS)) and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (MINECO-FEDER) Grant numbers: PSI2017-90806-REDT, PSI2017-83038-P, PSI2017-83893-R, PSI2017-86396-P, PSI2017-86847-C2-2-R MINECO-FEDER, and IMIENS: PIC-IMIENS-2018-003.S

Stress compensation by gap monolayers for stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dots solar cells

In this work we report the stacking of 10 and 50 InAs quantum dots layers using 2 monolayers of GaP for stress compensation and a stack period of 18 nm on GaAs (001) substrates. Very good structural and optical quality is found in both samples. Vertical alignment of the dots is observed by transmission electron microscopy suggesting the existence of residual stress around them. Photocurrent measurements show light absorption up to 1.2 μm in the nanostructures together with a reduction in the blue response of the device. As a result of the phosphorus incorporation in the barriers, a very high thermal activation energy (431 meV) has also been obtained for the quantum dot emission