2,701 research outputs found
CaracterĂsticas de crecimiento de cabritos de raza Murciano-Granadina comparando un sistema de media leche y uno de lactaciĂłn artificial
publishedTomo I . SecciĂłn: Sistemas Ganaderos-EconomĂa y GestiĂłn. SesiĂłn: ProducciĂłn de leche. Ponencia nÂş 2
Machine milking parameters for Murciano-Granadina breed goats
[EN] In dairy ruminants, the combination of milking parameters must ensure good milking performance without harming udder conditions. Commonly, milking conditions for goats are established without having checked the admissible limits for optimal and fast milking. The aim of this study was to establish a limit combination of machine milking parameters that improves machine milking performance without altering milkability or udder status. To this end, we studied the effect of 2 combinations (42 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% vs. 44 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% in terms of kilopascals of vacuum level, cycles per minute of pulsator rate, and percentage of pulsator ratio, respectively) on milk production and composition, milk fractioning during milking, SCC, teat tissue thickness variation after milking, and the milk emission kinetics parameters throughout 1 lactation period (6 rno). The 42 and 44 kPa measured at the vacuum gauge level became average values of 37.5 and 39.3 kPa, respectively, measured at the teat sphincter level during milking. Milk flow significantly increased and total milking time decreased 25 s with the elevation of the vacuum level from 42 to 44 kPa without any adverse effect on milk fractioning at milking. However, the use of 44 kPa also showed an increase in tissue thickness above 5%, and we observed a tendency of average conductivity of milk to increase, although without any adverse effect on SCC. It seems that 44 kPa, 120 cpm, 60% is a possible limit combination of parameters to improve milking performance without altering milkability or udder conditions. We concluded that this combination can be used for milking Murciano-Granadina breed goats in conditions similar to those of this study (mid-level milking system and 1 milking/d), although further studies are necessary to verify its application in the case of 2 milkings/d.FernĂĄndez MartĂnez, N.; MartĂ Vicent, JV.; RodrĂguez Garcia, M.; Peris Ribera, CJ.; Balasch Parisi, S. (2020). Machine milking parameters for Murciano-Granadina breed goats. Journal of Dairy Science. 103(1):507-513. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16446S5075131031Alejandro, M., Roca, A., Romero, G., & DĂaz, J. R. (2014). Short communication: Effects of milk removal on teat tissue and recovery in Murciano-Granadina goats. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(8), 5012-5016. doi:10.3168/jds.2014-7934Ali, A. K. A., & Shook, G. E. (1980). An Optimum Transformation for Somatic Cell Concentration in Milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 63(3), 487-490. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(80)82959-6Blasco, E., Gomez, E. A., Vicente, C., Vidal, G., & Peris, C. (2016). Factors affecting milking speed in Murciano-Granadina breed goats. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(12), 10102-10108. doi:10.3168/jds.2016-10869BOE (BoletĂn Oficial del Estado). 2013. Real Decreto 53/2013, de 1 de febrero, por el que se establecen las normas bĂĄsicas aplicables para la protecciĂłn de los animales utilizados en experimentaciĂłn y otros fines cientĂficos, incluyendo la docencia.Delgado-PertĂĂąez, M., GuzmĂĄn-Guerrero, J. L., Mena, Y., Castel, J. M., GonzĂĄlez-Redondo, P., & Caravaca, F. P. (2009). Influence of kid rearing systems on milk yield, kid growth and cost of Florida dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research, 81(2-3), 105-111. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.12.007DĂaz, J. R., Alejandro, M., Peris, C., & FernĂĄndez, N. (2013). Use of ultrasound scanning to estimate teat wall thickness in Murciano-Granadina goats. Livestock Science, 155(1), 114-122. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.007DĂaz, J. R., Romero, G., Muelas, R., Alejandro, M., & Peris, C. (2012). Effect of intramammary infection on milk electrical conductivity in Murciano-Granadina goats. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(2), 718-726. doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4698Diaz, J. R., Romero, G., Muelas, R., Sendra, E., Pantoja, J. C. F., & Paredes, C. (2011). Analysis of the influence of variation factors on electrical conductivity of milk in Murciano-Granadina goats. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(8), 3885-3894. doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4187FernĂĄndez, N., MartĂnez, A., MartĂ, J. V., RodrĂguez, M., & Peris, C. (2015). Milkability and milking efficiency improvement in Murciano-Granadina breed goats. Small Ruminant Research, 126, 68-72. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.03.001Gil, Z. (1988). Milk temperature fluctuations during milking in cows with subclinical mastitis. Livestock Production Science, 20(3), 223-231. doi:10.1016/0301-6226(88)90074-7Hamann, J., Mein, G. A., & Nipp, B. (1996). Recommended method for measuring changes in thickness of the bovine teat with spring-loaded calipers. Journal of Dairy Research, 63(2), 309-313. doi:10.1017/s0022029900031800Hamzaoui, S., Salama, A. A. K., Albanell, E., Such, X., & Caja, G. (2013). Physiological responses and lactational performances of late-lactation dairy goats under heat stress conditions. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(10), 6355-6365. doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6665Isaksson, A., & Lind, O. (1992). Teat Reactions in Cows Associated With Machine Milking*. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 39(1-10), 282-288. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.1992.tb00184.xLE DU, J., BENMEDERBEL, B., DANO, Y., COMBAUD, J. F., & TESSONNIĂRE, R. (1984). Aptitude des chèvres de race Saanen Ă la traite mĂŠcanique. Relations avec les caractĂŠristiques physiques du trayon. Annales de Zootechnie, 33(3), 375-384. doi:10.1051/animres:19840307Peris, S., Caja, G., Such, X., Casals, R., Ferret, A., & Torre, C. (1997). Influence of Kid Rearing Systems on Milk Composition and Yield of Murciano-Granadina Dairy Goats. Journal of Dairy Science, 80(12), 3249-3255. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(97)76299-4Requena, R., Balasch, S., Peris, C., RodrĂguez, M., & FernĂĄndez, N. (2010). Dose response of lactating dairy ewes during suckling and milking to bovine somatotropin1. Journal of Animal Science, 88(9), 3136-3144. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-2690Zecconi, A., Hamann, J., Bronzo, V., & Ruffo, G. (1992). Machine-induced teat tissue reactions and infection risk in a dairy herd free from contagious mastitis pathogens. Journal of Dairy Research, 59(3), 265-271. doi:10.1017/s002202990003054
Design and validation of the INCUE questionnaire: assessment of primary healthcare nursesâ basic training needs in palliative care
Many instruments have been created to measure knowledge and attitudes in palliative care. However, not only is it important to acquire knowledge, but also that this knowledge should reach patients and their relatives through application in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the INCUE questionnaire (InvestigaciĂłn Cuidados Enfermeros/Investigation into Nursesâ Care Understanding of End-of-Life) to assess the basic training needs of primary or home healthcare nurses in palliative care. A questionnaire was developed based on the classical theory of tests and factor analysis models. Initially, 18 experts developed 67 items in two blocks and determined content validity by two rounds of expert panels. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing were conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 370 nurses. Some items were observed to have very low homogeneity indices or presented convergence problems and were eliminated. Questionnaire reliability was 0.700 in the theoretical block (KR20 Index) and 0.941 in the practical block (Cronbachâs alpha). The model converges and shows an adequate fit, specifically CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.977 and RMSEA = 0.05. The correlation between the two factors in the model is Ď = 0.63. The questionnaire objectively evaluates primary or home healthcare nursesâ knowledge of palliative care and its practical application, thereby facilitating more efficient training plans
Milk yield estimation during suckling using the double oxytocin injection-milking and the double weighing-suckling methods in dairy goats
The aim was to verify the validity of the double oxytocin-milking (DOT) method as milk
yield estimator during the suckling period of lactating dairy goats. To this end, it was necessary
to determine whether the weighing suckling weighing (WSW) and DOT methods of
milk yield estimation satisfied the criteria to be considered valuable, the accuracy between
both methods and the suitability of DOT to evaluate actual milk. At parturition, sixty lactating
Murciano Granadina breed goats were separated into 2 groups, in mixed (MS; n = 24)
and artificial rearing (ARS; n = 36) management systems. Until the sixth week of lactation
(weaning), MS goats suckled one kid while kids from ARS goats were artificially reared;
moreover, goats in both systems were submitted to once-a-day milking. Once per week,
actual milk yield for ARS goats and potential milk yield were recorded using DOT method
for all goats, except for 12 goats in ARS which remained as a control. Twelve goats from each
management system were used to evaluate diurnal variation in milk production (DVM) by
DOT method for 6 consecutive days in week 4 of lactation. No difference in DVM was found
by DOT method in 4-h milk production of goats in MS (P = 0.099) or ARS (P = 0.220), which
allowed sixfold multiplication of milked milk volume to obtain potential milk per day. ARS
goats subjected to a weekly DOT and control group goats showed a similar (P = 0.379) lactation
curve for the first 6 weeks of lactation. The DOT method slightly overestimated (3.4%,
P = 0.005) the milk yield evaluated by WSW method for goats under an MS, but fitted the
actual milk obtained by common milk records for the group of goats in an ARS submitted
to the DVM test (P = 0.357) and the group in ARS alone (P = 0.163). The DOT method applied
for 8 consecutive days led to a drop of 6 12% in milk yield during the following week for
both production systems. In conclusion, DOT was an accurate method to estimate milk
yield during the first weeks of lactation both in MS and ARS under the conditions of this
experiment.
Š 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.FernĂĄndez MartĂnez, N.; Balasch Parisi, S.; PĂŠrez Baena, I.; RodrĂguez Garcia, M.; Peris Ribera, CJ. (2013). Milk yield estimation during suckling using the double oxytocin injection-milking and the double weighing-suckling methods in dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research. 112(1-3):181-185. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.12.023S1811851121-
Paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder and depressive symptoms: clinical correlates and CBT treatment outcomes.
Depression frequently co-occurs with paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet the clinical correlates and impact of depression on CBT outcomes remain unclear. The prevalence and clinical correlates of depression were examined in a paediatric specialist OCD-clinic sample (Nâ=â295; Meanâ=â15 [7 - 18] years, 42 % female), using both dimensional (Beck Depression Inventory-youth; nâ=â261) and diagnostic (Development and Wellbeing Assessment; nâ=â127) measures of depression. The impact of depressive symptoms and suspected disorders on post-treatment OCD severity was examined in a sub-sample who received CBT, with or without SSRI medication (Nâ=â100). Fifty-one per-cent of patients reported moderately or extremely elevated depressive symptoms and 26 % (95 % CI: 18 - 34) met criteria for a suspected depressive disorder. Depressive symptoms and depressive disorders were associated with worse OCD symptom severity and global functioning prior to CBT. Individuals with depression were more likely to be female, have had a psychiatric inpatient admission and less likely to be attending school (psâ<â0.01). OCD and depressive symptom severity significantly decreased after CBT. Depressive symptoms and depressive disorders predicted worse post-treatment OCD severity (βsâ=â0.19 and 0.26, psâ<â0.05) but became non-significant when controlling for pre-treatment OCD severity (βsâ=â0.05 and 0.13, ns). Depression is common in paediatric OCD and is associated with more severe OCD and poorer functioning. However, depression severity decreases over the course of CBT for OCD and is not independently associated with worse outcomes, supporting the recommendation for treatment as usual in the presence of depressive symptoms
Contribution of CSF biomarkers to early-onset Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia neuroimaging signatures
Prior studies have described distinct patterns of brain gray matter and white matter alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), as well as differences in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers profiles. We aim to investigate the relationship between earlyâonset AD (EOAD) and FTLD structural alterations and CSF biomarker levels. We included 138 subjects (64 EOAD, 26 FTLD, and 48 controls), all of them with a 3T MRI brain scan and CSF biomarkers available (the 42 amino acidâlong form of the amyloidâbeta protein [Aβ42], totalâtau protein [Tâtau], neurofilament light chain [NfL], neurogranin [Ng], and 14â3â3 levels). We used FreeSurfer and FSL to obtain cortical thickness (CTh) and fraction anisotropy (FA) maps. We studied group differences in CTh and FA and described the âAD signatureâ and âFTLD signature.â We tested multiple regression models to find which CSFâbiomarkers better explained each disease neuroimaging signature. CTh and FA maps corresponding to the AD and FTLD signatures were in accordance with previous literature. Multiple regression analyses showed that the biomarkers that better explained CTh values within the AD signature were Aβ and 14â3â3; whereas NfL and 14â3â3 levels explained CTh values within the FTLD signature. Similarly, NfL levels explained FA values in the FTLD signature. Ng levels were not predictive in any of the models. Biochemical markers contribute differently to structural (CTh and FA) changes typical of AD and FTLD
Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay
channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7
TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector,
and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No
significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper
limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the
standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at
95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE
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