Spanish regions and sustainable development: measurement of advances from rio to johannesburg through multidimensional synthetic indexes

In the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), the bases for a world sustainable development were set. Ten years later it took place in Johannesburg the World Summit on Sustainable Development, where it was discussed about the fulfilled advances and it favoured actions for century XXI. This document analyses the concern on sustainability in the Spanish regions by means of the creation of a global synthetic index of sustainable development that fulfils three conditions: it is adapted to Pressure-State-Answer principles, it adopts the Local Agenda 21 mandates and it fits in the four basic dimensions of sustainability: institutional, environmental, economic and social. Over the calculation of the changes taken place in the aforementioned decade in a set of selected variables – grouped in indicators and sub-indicators and classified according to the four dimensions aforementioned in the sustainable development – it is proceeded to the estimation of the synthetic index for the Spanish Autonomous Regions, what is useful as an instrument of analysis to make those regions hierarchical according to their degree of adaptation to the sustainability commitment developed in the Summit in Rio. JEL Classification: Q2, R1 Key Words: Sustainable development, regional analysis, Spain

IOBSERVER: species recognition via computer vision

This paper is about the design of an automated computer vision system that is able to recognize the species of fish individuals that are classified into a fishing vessel and produces a report file with that information. This system is called iObserver and it is a part of project Life-iSEAS (Life program).A very first version of the system has been tested at the oceanographic vessel “Miguel Oliver”. At the time of writing a more advanced prototype is being tested onboard other oceanographic vessel: “Vizconde de Eza”. We will describe the hardware design and the algorithms used by the computer vision software.Peer Reviewe

Fernando Fernández Martín (29/07/1987 - 27/12/1988) (CDS). Discurso de investidura: Sesión Plenaria número 3, celebrada el día 28 de Julio de 1987

Abstract not availabl

Interference and non-Franck-Condon effects in ionization of H2 molecules by photon impact

We analyze theoretically interference effects in the spectra of electrons emitted in the H2 photoionization by high energy linearly polarized photons. Molecular bound and continuum states are accurately described by means of B-spline basis allowing the inclusion of the nuclear degrees of freedom. One interesting feature is observed: the usual Franck-Condon behavior is not followed when the H2 internuclear axis is parallel to the polarization direction. Moreover, this is related to the fact that for this molecular orientation and under certain conditions, the electron cannot be emitted in the direction of the radiation field. On the contrary, for H 2 molecules perpendicular to the polarization direction, the angular distribution of electrons is analogous to the one observed in the two slits Young's experimentWork partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (contract FIS2007-60064), the European Science Foundation (COST action CM0702), and the Spanish Subdirección General de Cooperación Internacional. OAF acknowledges the kind hospitality in the group of ’Computations in Atomic and Molecular Physics of Unbound Systems’ of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), as well as financial support from the Secretaría de Estado de Educación y Universidades (Spain) through a grant for foreign researchers. Calculations were performed at the Barcelona Supercomputer Center Mare Nostrum and the Centro de Computación Científica UAM (Spain). OAF acknowledges partial financial support from CONICET (PIP 1026) and ANPCyT (PICT 1912

Detection of AI-created images using pixel-wise feature extraction and convolutional neural networks

Generative AI has gained enormous interest nowadays due to new applications like ChatGPT, DALL E, Stable Diffusion, and Deepfake. In particular, DALL E, Stable Diffusion, and others (Adobe Firefly, ImagineArt, etc.) can create images from a text prompt and are even able to create photorealistic images. Due to this fact, intense research has been performed to create new image forensics applications able to distinguish between real captured images and videos and artificial ones. Detecting forgeries made with Deepfake is one of the most researched issues. This paper is about another kind of forgery detection. The purpose of this research is to detect photorealistic AI-created images versus real photos coming from a physical camera. Id est, making a binary decision over an image, asking whether it is artificially or naturally created. Artificial images do not need to try to represent any real object, person, or place. For this purpose, techniques that perform a pixel-level feature extraction are used. The first one is Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU). PRNU is a special noise due to imperfections on the camera sensor that is used for source camera identification. The underlying idea is that AI images will have a different PRNU pattern. The second one is error level analysis (ELA). This is another type of feature extraction traditionally used for detecting image editing. ELA is being used nowadays by photographers for the manual detection of AI-created images. Both kinds of features are used to train convolutional neural networks to differentiate between AI images and real photographs. Good results are obtained, achieving accuracy rates of over 95%. Both extraction methods are carefully assessed by computing precision/recall and F1-score measurements

Seleniuro de Plata: un candidato a la alta eficiencia termoeléctrica

Ponencia presentada en las IV Jornadas de Jóvenes Investigadores, celebradas en Madrid el 9 de julio de 2015.El actual interés en los materiales termoeléctricos se centra en su capacidad de transformar una diferencia de temperatura en una diferencia de Voltaje (efecto Seebeck). Igualmente a la creación de una diferencia de temperatura debida a un voltaje eléctrico (efecto Peltier), siendo posible utilizarlos como fuentes y sumideros de calor en aplicaciones industriales como un medio alternativo de refrigeración y enfriamiento. Entre las principales ventajas de los dispositivos termoeléctricos sobre los demás sistemas de refrigeración ¿ sistemas de compresión ¿ se encuentra una mayor fiabilidad en el tiempo de uso al no contar con partes móviles, la no utilización de gases de efecto invernadero y la ausencia de vibración debido a que son dispositivos de estado sólido con un tamaño reducido llegando a ser muy eficientes en aplicaciones locales.Peer Reviewe

Gestión del capital social a través del desarrollo de ciertas políticas de recursos humanos

La dinámica relacional que se produce dentro y entre organizaciones, se concibe en los últimos años, como un recurso que puede contribuir a la orientación y al posicionamiento estratégico de las organizaciones, y, por consiguiente, al sostenimiento de ventajas competitivas. Un equipo donde priman características tales como la cohesión, la confianza, la reciprocidad o la comunicación frecuente, fomenta que todos los actores de la red se encuentren implicados en la consecución de unos objetivos comunes y, en consecuencia, se alcancen beneficios superiores a los de la competencia. Sin embargo, son muy pocos los estudios que han ofrecido evidencias acerca de cómo la gestión efectiva de ciertas características y propiedades de la red, como la dinámica de trabajo que se desarrolla o la interacción en el grupo, puede ser útil para el funcionamiento del grupo de trabajo y, en última instancia, para el desempeño organizativo. Así, este trabajo se plantea con el objetivo de explicar los mecanismos de los que disponen las organizaciones para gestionar este flujo de comunicación.During the last years, the relational dynamics that takes place inside and between organizations has been conceived as a resource able to contribute to the orientation and the strategic positioning of the organizations, and, as a last resort, to the support of the competitive advantages. A certain group whose most prominent characteristics are cohesion, trust, reciprocity or the frequent communication, encourages all the actors of the networks to get involved in the attainment of some common objectives, resulting in the achievement of benefits superior to those of the competition. Nevertheless, there are very few studies including evidences about how the effective management of certain characteristics and properties of the network, such as the work dynamics developed or de interaction in the group, may be useful for the operation of the work group itself and, therefore, generate performance. Thus, the objective of this work is to explain the mechanisms available for the organizations in order to manage this communication flow

Improved performance of LDPC-coded MIMO systems with EP-based soft-decisions

The proceeding at: IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2014), took place 2014, June 29-July 04, in Honolulu (Hawai)Modern communications systems use efficient encoding schemes, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and high-order QAM constellations for maximizing spectral efficiency. However, as the dimensions of the system grow, the design of efficient and low-complexity MIMO receivers possesses technical challenges. Symbol detection can no longer rely on conventional approaches for posterior probability computation due to complexity. Marginalization of this posterior to obtain per-antenna soft-bit probabilities to be fed to a channel decoder is computationally challenging when realistic signaling is used. In this work, we propose to use Expectation Propagation (EP) algorithm to provide an accurate low-complexity Gaussian approximation to the posterior, easily solving the posterior marginalization problem. EP soft-bit probabilities are used in an LDPC-coded MIMO system, achieving outstanding performance improvement compared to similar approaches in the literature for low-complexity LDPC MIMO decoding.This work has been partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation with the projects GRE3NSYST (TEC2011-29006-C03-03) and ALCIT (TEC2012-38800-C03-01) and by the program CONSOLIDERINGENIO 2010 under the project COMONSENS (CSD 2008-00010).Publicad

Expectation Propagation Detection for High-Order High-Dimensional MIMO Systems

Modern communications systems use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and high-order QAM constellations for maximizing spectral efficiency. However, as the number of antennas and the order of the constellation grow, the design of efficient and low-complexity MIMO receivers possesses big technical challenges. For example, symbol detection can no longer rely on maximum likelihood detection or sphere-decoding methods, as their complexity increases exponentially with the number of transmitters/receivers. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity high-accuracy MIMO symbol detector based on the Expectation Propagation (EP) algorithm. EP allows approximating iteratively at polynomial-time the posterior distribution of the transmitted symbols. We also show that our EP MIMO detector outperforms classic and state-of-The-Art solutions reducing the symbol error rate at a reduced computational complexity.This work has been partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation with the projects GRE3NSYST (TEC2011- 29006-C03-03) and ALCIT (TEC2012-38800-C03-01) and by the program CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 under the project COMONSENS (CSD 2008- 00010).Publicad