La fuerza vinculante de la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional: especial consideración a la doctrina creada en sentencias de amparo constitucional

Máster Universitario en Abogacía Por la Universidad de la LagunaLa fuerza vinculante de la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional es, junto a la cosa juzgada y a la eficacia erga omnes, uno de los efectos que producen sus sentencias, en todo tipo de procesos, y respecto a todos los poderes públicos. Particularmente, este efecto incide sobre la actuación de los órganos jurisdiccionales ordinarios, pues les obliga a adecuar sus resoluciones a la interpretación de las normas realizada por el Tribunal Constitucional, y sobre todo a aquella relativa a los derechos fundamentales. A pesar de ello, siguen existiendo materias y supuestos en los que los incumplimientos de la doctrina constitucional son manifiestos y reiterados; esto, unido a la nueva configuración del recurso de amparo y a la insuficiente tutela que proporcionan algunas sentencias que lo estiman (por carecer de mecanismos que las doten de eficacia), constituye un grave menoscabo de los principios de economía procesal y seguridad jurídica y genera sobre los particulares perjuicios de difícil reparaciónThe binding force of the Constitutional Court’s doctrine is, together with res judicata and erga omnes, one of the effects produced by its sentences, which affects all types of processes and all public authorities. In particular, this effect influences the acts of the ordinary jurisdictional bodies, since it forces them to adapt their resolutions to the interpretation of the rules made by the Constitutional Court, and above all, to that related to fundamental rights. Despite this, there are still matters and instances in which the breaches of the constitutional doctrine are manifested and reiterated; this, along with the new configuration of the constitutional complaint and the insufficient protection provided by some judgments that estimate it (due to the lack of mechanisms to give them legal effectiveness), constitutes a serious harm to the principles of procedural economy and legal certainty and generates damages on citizens that are difficult to repai

Pseudo-Probabilistic Design for High-Resolution Tsunami Simulations in the Southwestern Spanish Coast

The application of simulation software has proven to be a crucial tool for tsunami hazard assessment studies. Understanding the potentially devastating effects of tsunamis leads to the development of safety and resilience measures, such as the design of evacuation plans or the planning of the economic investment necessary to quickly mitigate their consequences. This article introduces a pseudo-probabilistic seismic-triggered tsunami simulation approach to investigate the potential impact of tsunamis in the southwestern coast of Spain, in the provinces of Huelva and Cádiz. Selected faults, probabilistic distributions and sampling methods are presented as well as some results for the nearly 900 Atlantic-origin tsunamis computed along the 250 km-long coast.This work has being carried out under a project funded by a public mutual agreement of understanding between the CN-IGME (CSIC) and the CCS (Law reference: BOE 103, 30/04/2019). This project is supported by an agreement of understanding between CN-IGME and UMA, creating a cooperative entity INGEA (Law reference: BOE 332, 22/12/2020). The numerical results presented in this work have been performed with the computational resources allocated by the Spanish Network for Supercomputing (RES) grants AECT-2020-3-0023 and AECT-2021-2-0018. Further support has also been received from the Spanish Government research project MEGAFLOW (RTI2018-096064-B-C21) and ChEESE project (EU Horizon 2020, grant agreement No. 823844, https://cheese-coe.eu/) due to the synergies found between the projects. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Diel pattern of circadian clock and storage protein gene expression in leaves and during seed filling in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Background Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important source of protein supply for animal and human nutrition. The major storage globulins VICILIN and LEGUMIN (LEG) are synthesized from several genes including LEGA, LEGB, LEGJ and CVC (CONVICILIN). The current hypothesis is that the plant circadian core clock genes are conserved in a wide array of species and that primary metabolism is to a large extent controlled by the plant circadian clock. Our aim was to investigate a possible link between gene expression of storage proteins and the circadian clock. Results We identified cowpea orthologues of the core clock genes VunLHY, VunTOC1, VunGI and VunELF3, the protein storage genes VunLEG, VunLEGJ, and VunCVC as well as nine candidate reference genes used in RT-PCR. ELONGATION FACTOR 1-A (ELF1A) resulted the most suitable reference gene. The clock genes VunELF3, VunGI, VunTOC1 and VunLHY showed a rhythmic expression profile in leaves with a typical evening/night and morning/midday phased expression. The diel patterns were not completely robust and only VungGI and VungELF3 retained a rhythmic pattern under free running conditions of darkness. Under field conditions, rhythmicity and phasing apparently faded during early pod and seed development and was regained in ripening pods for VunTOC1 and VunLHY. Mature seeds showed a rhythmic expression of VunGI resembling leaf tissue under controlled growth chamber conditions. Comparing time windows during developmental stages we found that VunCVC and VunLEG were significantly down regulated during the night in mature pods as compared to intermediate ripe pods, while changes in seeds were non-significant due to high variance. The rhythmic expression under field conditions was lost under growth chamber conditions. Conclusions The core clock gene network is conserved in cowpea leaves showing a robust diel expression pattern except VunELF3 under growth chamber conditions. There appears to be a clock transcriptional reprogramming in pods and seeds compared to leaves. Storage protein deposition may be circadian regulated under field conditions but the strong environmental signals are not met under artificial growth conditions. Diel expression pattern in field conditions may result in better usage of energy for protein storage.This work was supported by the 7th Research Framework Programme of the European Union “Eurolegume (Enhancing of Legumes Growing in Europe through Sustainable Cropping for Protein Supply for Food and Feed)” FP7– 613781. The funding body had no role in the experimental design, analysis or results shown in the manuscript

Polyamine metabolism and signaling in plant abiotic stress protection

Podeu consultar el llibre complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/32393Polyamines (PAs) are small polycationic compounds present in all living organisms. Compelling evidences indicate a role for PAs in plant protection against stress. During the recent years, genetic, molecular and ‘omic’ approaches have been undertaken to unravel the role of PAs in stress signaling. Overall, results point to intricate relationships between PAs, stress hormone pathways and ROS signaling. Such cross-regulations condition stress signaling through the modulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and ROS amplification-loops. In this chapter we compile our recent findings which elucidate molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways by which PAs contribute to stress protection in plants

Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital in northwestern Spain

Continuous monitoring of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is necessary to understand the clonal evolution of successful lineages. In this study, we identifi ed the MRSA clones circulating in a Spanish hospital during a 2-year period, assessed their relationship with antimicrobial resistance profi les, and investigated the presence of the emerging community-associated and livestock-associated MRSA lineages (CA-MRSA, LA-MRSA). CC5-MRSA-IV isolates were the most frequently recovered, which supports the previously reported prevalence of this clone in Spanish hospitals. We observed ST125 isolates that harbored specifi c cassette chromosome recombinase (ccr) gene elements of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types IV and VI. That clone, which was fi rst detected only recently, has increased resistance to erythromycin. Furthermore, 94% of the infections were caused by non-multiresistant isolates. Neither CA-MRSA nor LA-MRSA isolates were observed. These fi ndings, along with related events over the last decade, suggest the establishment of a clonal endemic population in the Spanish clinical environment. [Int Microbiol 2014; 17(3):149-157]Keywords: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) · clonal population · molecular epidemiology · multilocus sequence typin

Reactive oxygen species in haematopoiesis: leukaemic cells take a walk on the wild side

[EN]Oxidative stress is related to ageing and degenerative diseases, including cancer. However, a moderate amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is required for the regulation of cellular signalling and gene expression. A low level of ROS is important for maintaining quiescence and the differentiation potential of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the level of ROS increases during haematopoietic differentiation; thus, suggesting the importance of redox signalling in haematopoiesis. Here, we will analyse the importance of ROS for haematopoiesis and include evidence showing that cells from leukaemia patients live under oxidative stress. The potential sources of ROS will be described. Finally, the level of oxidative stress in leukaemic cells can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In this regard, the reliance of front-line anti-leukaemia chemotherapeutics on increased levels of ROS for their mechanism of action, as well as the active search for novel compounds that modulate the redox state of leukaemic cells, will be analysed

The effect of motor activity on improved memory andemotional well-being in elderly women

p. 20-32Este estudio investiga el efecto de diversos tipos de intervención (cognitiva versus cognitiva + motora versus no intervención) en la memoria y el estado de ánimo emocional en mujeres mayores con quejas de memoria y con una vida pasiva. Los sujetos (N=102, 80% mujeres, edad M/SD = 76/5 años) se distribuyeron de forma aleatoria en los tres grupos de tratamiento. El entrenamiento cognitivo consistió en ejercicios de atención, lenguaje, asociación de ideas y resolución de problemas. El entrenamiento motor consistió en ejercicios propioceptivos y dinámicos relacionados con el esquema corporal, el equilibrio y la coordinación de movimientos. La intervención se llevó a cabo durante 8 meses. Se aplicaron el Test Conductual de Memoria Rivermead (RBMT) y la Escala Geriátrica de Depresión de Yesavage (GDS) antes y después. Los resultados demuestran mejorías asociadas a ambas intervenciones y deterioro en el grupo de control. Sin embargo, sólo el grupo de intervención cognitiva-motora muestra una mejoría relevante según las pruebas citadas. Los resultados sugieren que la intervención combinada cognitiva-motora es más prometedora que la intervención simplemente cognitiva para mejorar la función de la memoria y del estado de ánimo en mujeres con pérdidas de memoria subjetivas, y que las dos son eficaces en comparación con la no intervenciónS

Hand Rehabilitation after Chronic Brain Damage: Effectiveness, Usability and Acceptance of Technological Devices: A Pilot Study

Purpose: The aim is to present an overview of existing tools for hand rehabilitation after brain injury and a pilot study to test HandTutor® in patients with chronic brain damage (CBD)

Semblant cerca semblant?: la formació de grups de treball en la pràctica de la programació

En una assignatura del grau d'enginyeria d'informàtica, la pràctica de programació ha passat de ser un treball individual a un treball en equip, en principi per parelles. L'alumnat té llibertat total per formar equips amb una intervenció mínima per part del professorat. L'anàlisi de les parelles formades indica que no hi ha una tendència dels alumnes a associar-se amb alumnes de rendiment semblant, potser perquè paràmetres cognitius generals no regeixen la tria de parella acadèmica. In a course of the degree of computer science, the programming project has changed from individual to teamed work, tentatively in couples (pair programming). Students have full freedom to team up with minimum intervention from professors. The analysis of the couples made indicates that students do not tend associate with students with a similar academic performance, maybe because general cognitive parameters do not govern the choice of academic partners.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version