El efecto traspaso de la tasa de política a las tasas pasivas en el Perú 2005 – 2013

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por finalidad demostrar si el efecto traspaso de la tasa de política a la tasa pasiva en el Perú ha sido incompleto durante el periodo 2005-2013. Para la realización de la investigación, la información utilizada fue tomada de la base de datos publicado por el Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP) obtenidos mediante un análisis documental, donde a través de un modelo de corrección de errores (MCE) evalúa la siguiente hipótesis: (a) La característica del efecto traspaso de la tasa de política a las tasas pasivas en el Perú es incompleto. Los resultados muestran evidencia a favor de la hipótesis planteada, es decir, la característica del efecto traspaso de la tasa de política a las tasas pasivas es incompleto; en donde las tasas pasivas se cointegran con la tasa interbancaria, las series de las tasas pasivas son no estacionarias con un proceso de raíz unitaria; como así también, muestra que el efecto traspaso se encuentra inversamente relacionado al plazo de los depósitos indicando que la política monetaria no está siendo efectiva en las tasas de mercado.This research aims to determine whether the pass-through from the policy rate to the liable rate in Peru has been incomplete during the period 2005-2013. In order to develop research, the information used it was taken from the database published by the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) obtained by a documentary analysis, where through a model error correction (MEC) evaluates the following assumption: (a) The feature of (pass-through) from the policy rate to liable rates in Peru is incomplete. The results show evidence to accept the hypothesis, that is, feature of (the pass-through) from policy rates to liable rates is incomplete; where liable rates are cointegrated with the interbank rate, the series of liable rates are not stationary with unit root process; also, it shows that the pass-through effect is inversely related to term of deposits indicating that monetary policy is not being effective to market rates.Tesi

A machine learning approach to pedestrian detection for autonomous vehicles using High-Definition 3D Range Data

This article describes an automated sensor-based system to detect pedestrians in an autonomous vehicle application. Although the vehicle is equipped with a broad set of sensors, the article focuses on the processing of the information generated by a Velodyne HDL-64E LIDAR sensor. The cloud of points generated by the sensor (more than 1 million points per revolution) is processed to detect pedestrians, by selecting cubic shapes and applying machine vision and machine learning algorithms to the XY, XZ, and YZ projections of the points contained in the cube. The work relates an exhaustive analysis of the performance of three different machine learning algorithms: k-Nearest Neighbours (kNN), Naïve Bayes classifier (NBC), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). These algorithms have been trained with 1931 samples. The final performance of the method, measured a real traffic scenery, which contained 16 pedestrians and 469 samples of non-pedestrians, shows sensitivity (81.2%), accuracy (96.2%) and specificity (96.8%).This work was partially supported by ViSelTR (ref. TIN2012-39279) and cDrone (ref. TIN2013-45920-R) projects of the Spanish Government, and the “Research Programme for Groups of Scientific Excellence at Region of Murcia” of the Seneca Foundation (Agency for Science and Technology of the Region of Murcia—19895/GERM/15). 3D LIDAR has been funded by UPCA13-3E-1929 infrastructure projects of the Spanish Government. Diego Alonso wishes to thank the Spanish Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Subprograma Estatal de Movilidad, Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013–2016 for grant CAS14/00238

Renovaciíon de áreas centrales de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. con miras a reactivarlas a la luz de la teoría de la sostenibilidad urbana y los tejidos metropolitanos

Arquitecto (a)Pregrad

Faithfulness-boost effect: Loyal teammate selection correlates with skill acquisition improvement in online games

The problem of skill acquisition is ubiquitous and fundamental to life. Most tasks in modern society involve the cooperation with other subjects. Notwithstanding its fundamental importance, teammate selection is commonly overlooked when studying learning. We exploit the virtually infinite repository of human behavior available in Internet to study a relevant topic in anthropological science: how grouping strategies may affect learning. We analyze the impact of team play strategies in skill acquisition using a turn-based game where players can participate individually or in teams. We unveil a subtle but strong effect in skill acquisition based on the way teams are formed and maintained during time. “Faithfulness-boost effect” provides a skill boost during the first games that would only be acquired after thousands of games. The tendency to play games in teams is associated with a long-run skill improvement while playing loyally with the same teammate significantly accelerates short-run skill acquisition.Fil: Landfried, Gustavo Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Slezak, Diego Fernández. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Mocskos, Esteban Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Ctro de Simulación Computacional P/aplicaciones Tecnologicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentin

Adaptar el motor a diésel Chang Fa de 22 Hp M/S195h0 para la utilización de aceite comestible reciclado

Porque el presente es el reciclaje y el futuro la utilización de energías renovables, y si el aceite comestible es un proceso de energía, Hay la necesidad de reciclarlo para re utilizarlo, y así intentar reducir la explotación descontrolada del petróleo que además de ser altamente contaminante, se está agotando. El proceso consta de darle mayor purificación y limpieza al aceite comestible vegetal usado, lo primero que se realizo fue colocarle en un deposito inoxidable para calentarlo, se lo calentó hasta que pase los 35 grados centígrados de temperatura, para que mediante densidad lo más pesado se hunda a la base del depósito, para medir estos 35 grados centígrados se utilizó un termómetro, se recoge en otro depósito el aceite comestible usado más limpio, esta técnica se le conoce como el periodo de flotación, ya que separa líquidos y sólidos o líquidos inmiscibles en función de su densidad, el resultado es una buena banda correspondiente a la fase más densa sobre la que flota la de menor densidad. A continuación se realizó la técnica de filtrado que separa líquidos y sólidos por medio de un filtro, este proceso se lo llevo por medio de la gravedad del tanque inoxidable a un deposito muy limpio. Como siguiente paso se hizo el proceso de destilación es un periodo que separa sustancias liquidas en disolución en función de su volatilidad. Suministrando calor al aceite vegetal comestible usado, las sustancias se van evaporando escalonadamente, comenzando por las más volátiles. Se siguió con la técnica de la cristalización este es un sistema que separa sustancias en disolución provocando su cristalización disminuyendo la temperatura, pues de esta manera se reduce su producto de solubilidad. El siguiente paso fue el de tamizar que es un método que separa sólidos que se encuentra en una corriente liquida, por medio de enrejados. El tamaño de los orificios del enrejado será en función del tamaño de los sólidos que se necesite separar, en este caso utilizamos un paño grueso preferiblemente que sea blanco para saber qué es lo que tamizamos, este método, entre más se demore es mucho mejor. Como último paso es el de deshidratación, es un proceso que se retira el agua contenida en un cuerpo sólido evaporándola, para ello el cuerpo es nuevamente sometido a mayores temperaturas, debido a que se asemeja al periodo de destilación. Estos pasos se lo hizo muy aparte del filtrado propio del motor, por el cual se lo denomino pre filtración

Economía de la educación: un análisis dialógico

Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre la realidad de la educación en América Latina, enfatizando aspectos económicos de afectación directa sobre todas sus dinámicas. Se pretende, entonces, evidenciar cómo, en esa interacción, se desvirtúa el objetivo primordial de la educación a favor de intereses economicistas y cómo el sentido de la escuela se ha tergiversado a merced de la industria, lo que propende por una dicotomía polivalente en el que la concepción de capital humano cada vez es más cercana a los fines mercantilistas propuestos por las agencias internacionales

LA PRÁCTICA DOCENTE MEDIADA POR LAS TIC DURANTE LA PANDEMIA

This study describes the teaching practices mediate by ICT during the COVID-19 emergency measures in the first semester of 2020 at public schools of Bogota, Colombia. This study also helps determine the relationship between the sociodemographic variables and the ones related to the pandemic. It was done through a quantitative methodological design with a descriptive and correlational reach, using data collected from 113 teachers, who most of them used two or three alternatives to keep on giving classes, among them, some of the most noteworthy are homework via email, use of WhatsApp, previously recorded audio and videos, use of online platforms and videoconferencing. The youngest teacher’s opinion toward ICT is more positive, contrasted with older teachers, who classified it as lacking or plainly bad. Accordingly, younger, and less experienced teachers express different conceptions toward the assessment process before and during the pandemic. Related to the periodicity of contact with students, it was higher with the lower grades: preschool and primary school, against the one with secondary school. Finally, the results showed how teachers have reconfigured their practices, and how ICT was a mediator of this. Este estudio describe las prácticas docentes mediadas por TIC durante la situación de emergencia originada por el COVID-19 en el primer semestre de 2020 en colegios oficiales de Bogotá-Colombia y determina la relación entre variables sociodemográficas y las relacionadas con la pandemia.  Se efectuó a través de un diseño metodológico cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo y correlacional con una muestra de 113 docentes, quienes en su mayoría utilizaron entre dos y tres alternativas para seguir con sus clases, entre las que se destacan las tareas por mail o WhatsApp, video o audios grabados, uso de plataformas educativas y videoconferencias. Los docentes más jóvenes percibieron la experiencia de usar las TIC como buena y excelente, en comparación con los de mayor edad, quienes la calificaron como regular y mala.  De igual manera, los docentes con menos años (biológicos y de experiencia) manifestaron diferencias entre el proceso de evaluación antes y durante la pandemia. Con relación a la periodicidad de contacto con los estudiantes, esta fue mayor en los niveles de preescolar y primaria vs. Los de secundaria y media. Finalmente, los resultados evidenciaron que los docentes reconfiguraron sus prácticas y las TIC fue el mediador de estas.&nbsp

Solvable Lie algebras are not that hypo

We study a type of left-invariant structure on Lie groups, or equivalently on Lie algebras. We introduce obstructions to the existence of a hypo structure, namely the 5-dimensional geometry of hypersurfaces in manifolds with holonomy SU(3). The choice of a splitting g^*=V_1 + V_2, and the vanishing of certain associated cohomology groups, determine a first obstruction. We also construct necessary conditions for the existence of a hypo structure with a fixed almost-contact form. For non-unimodular Lie algebras, we derive an obstruction to the existence of a hypo structure, with no choice involved. We apply these methods to classify solvable Lie algebras that admit a hypo structure.Comment: 21 pages; v2: presentation improved, typos corrected, notational conflicts eliminated. To appear in Transformation Group

Use Performance and Management of Biodegradable Fluids as Transformer Insulation

In recent years, the use of biodegradable fluids as liquid insulation for distribution and power transformers is spreading. The main biodegradable fluids used are natural and synthetic esters, although biodegradable hydrocarbons have been recently proposed. Biodegradable fluids have a much lower environmental impact than mineral oil, limiting the risk of soil contamination in leaks, which makes them a suitable solution for applications such as offshore transformers or railway transformers. Additionally, these fluids have a higher flash point than conventional mineral oils, which dramatically reduces the risk of fire and collateral damage derived from explosion and fire. Despite these advantageous factors, there are still some aspects that hinder the broadening of their use, such as the difference in thermal properties or the lack of accepted maintenance procedures for transformers that use them as liquid insulation. This paper presents the current status of biodegradable insulating fluids, analyzing some of their properties and discussing the aspects that are still to be investigated in order to make them a real alternative to petroleum-based fluids.Part of the work was performed during secondments and short visits between University of Valle, University Carlos III of Madrid and University of Cantabria executed in the framework of the BIOTRAFO project “Raising knowledge and developing technology for the design and deployment of high-performance power transformers immersed in biodegradable fluids”, H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018- 823969, 2019-21. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823969. Also, we acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation by means of the National Research Project Asset management of biodegradable-fluid-based transformers (PID2019-107126RB-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2019-107126RB-C22/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033)

Evaluation of the potential of different high calorific waste fractions for the preparation of solid recovered fuels

Solid recovered fuels constitute a valuable alternative for the management of those non-hazardous waste fractions that cannot be recycled. The main purpose of this research is to assess the suitability of three different wastes from the landfill of the local waste management company (COGERSA), to be used as solid recovered fuels in a cement kiln near their facilities. The wastes analyzed were: End of life vehicles waste, packaging and bulky wastes. The study was carried out in two different periods of the year: November 2013 and April 2014. In order to characterize and classify these wastes as solid recovered fuels, they were separated into homogeneous fractions in order to determine different element components, such as plastics, cellulosic materials, packagings or textile compounds, and the elemental analysis (including chlorine content), heavy metal content and the heating value of each fraction were determined. The lower heating value of the waste fractions on wet basis varies between 10 MJ kg−1 and 42 MJ kg−1. One of the packaging wastes presents a very high chlorine content (6.3 wt.%) due to the presence of polyvinylchloride from pipe fragments, being the other wastes below the established limits. Most of the wastes analyzed meet the heavy metals restrictions, except the fine fraction of the end of life vehicles waste. In addition, none of the wastes exceed the mercury limit content, which is one of the parameters considered for the solid recovered fuels classification. A comparison among the experimental higher heating values and empirical models that predict the heating value from the elemental analysis data was carried out. Finally, from the three wastes measured, the fine fraction of the end of life vehicles waste was discarded for its use as solid recovered fuels due to the lower heating value and its high heavy metals content. From the point of view of the heating value, the end of life vehicles waste was the most suitable residue with a lower heating value of 35.89 MJ kg−1, followed by the packaging waste and the bulky waste, respectively. When mixing the wastes studied a global waste was obtained, whose classification as solid recovered fuels was NCV 1 Cl 3 Hg 3. From the empirical models used for calculating higher heating value from elemental content, Scheurer–Kestner was the model that best fit the experimental data corresponding to the wastes collected in November 2013, whereas Chang equation was the most approximate to the experimental heating values for April 2014 fractions. This difference is due to higher chlorine content of the second batch of wastes, since Chang equation is the only one that incorporates the chlorine content