Ternary structures in Hilbert spaces

PhDTernary structures in Hilbert spaces arose in the study of in nite dimensional manifolds in di erential geometry. In this thesis, we develop a structure theory of Hilbert ternary algebras and Jordan Hilbert triples which are Hilbert spaces equipped with a ternary product. We obtain several new results on the classi - cation of these structures. Some results have been published in [2]. A Hilbert ternary algebra is a real Hilbert space (V; h ; i) equipped with a ternary product [ ; ; ] satisfying h[a; b; x]; yi = hx; [b; a; y]i for a; b; x and y in V . A Jordan Hilbert triple is a real Hilbert space in which the ternary product f ; ; g is a Jordan triple product. It is called a JH-triple if the identity hfa; b; xg; xi = hx; fb; a; xgi holds in V . JH-triples correspond to a class of Lie algebras which play an important role in symmetric Riemannian manifolds. We begin by proving new structure results on ideals, centralizers and derivations of Hilbert ternary algebras. We characterize primitive tripotents in Hilbert ternary algebras and use them as coordinates to classify abelian Hilbert ternary algebras. We show that they are direct sums of simple ones, and each simple abelian Hilbert ternary algebra is ternary isomorphic to the algebra C2(H;K) of Hilbert-Schmidt operators between real, complex or quaternion Hilbert spaces H and K. Further, we describe completely the ternary isomorphisms and ternary antiisomorphisms between abelian Hilbert ternary algebras. We show that each ternary isomorphism between simple algebras C2(H;K) and C2(H0;K0) is of the form (x) = Jxj where j : H0 ! H and J : K ! K0 are isometries. A ternary anti-isomorphism is of the form (x) = Jx j where j : H0 ! K and J : H ! K0 are isometries. The structures of Hilbert ternary algebras and JH-triples are closely related. Indeed, we show that each JH-triple (V; f ; ; g) admits a decomposi- 6 tion V = Vs L V ? s where (Vs; f ; ; g) is a Hilbert ternary algebra which is usually nonabelian and unless V = Vs, the orthogonal complement V ? s is always a nonabelian Hilbert ternary algebra in the derived ternary product [a; b; c]d = fa; b; cg fb; a; cg. Hence JH-triples provide important examples of nonabelian Hilbert ternary algebras. We determine exactly when Vs and V ? s are Jordan triple ideals of V . We show, in each dimension at least 2, there is a JH-triple (V; f ; ; g) for which V 6= Vs, equivalently, (V; f ; ; g) is not a Hilbert ternary algebra.

The Impact of Blended Learning on Writing Accuracy for Iraqi EFL Intermediate School Learners

هدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة كيف أثر التعلم المدمج على دقة الكتابة لمتعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية لطلاب المدارس المتوسطة في العراق. لتحقيق هذا الهدف، شارك في هذه الدراسة 70 طالبا من طلاب المدارس المتوسطة في العراق اعتمادا على نتائج اختبار أكسفورد لتحديد المستوى. تراوحت أعمار الطلبة بين 18 و32 عامًا مع العلم ان اللغة العربية هي لغتهم الأولى، وكانوا يتمتعون بنفس مستوى إجادة اللغة الإنجليزية (OPT). كان تقسيمهم إلى المجموعة التجريبية (ن=35) والمجموعة الضابطة (ن=35) بشكل عشوائي. تلقت المجموعة الضابطة التعليمات المتطابقة باستخدام المنهج التقليدي الذي يركز على المعلم وجهاً لوجه بينما تلقته المجموعة التجريبية باستخدام منهج التعلم المدمج. وكان استخدام الاختبار القبلي والبعدي للحصول على البيانات، التي جرى تحليلها بعد ذلك باستخدام اختبارات t للعينة المزدوجة واختبارات T المستقلة للعينة. أظهرت النتائج في الاختبار القبلي أن متوسط المجموعة الضابطة كان أكثر من المجموعة التجريبية ولكن الفرق لم يكن معنوياً. ومع ذلك، تفوقت المجموعة التجريبية بشكل كبير على المجموعة الضابطة بعد استخدام إستراتيجية التعلم المدمج. أظهرت النتائج أن لها بعض الآثار المترتبة حيث يمكن لمعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية ومطوري المواد وصانعي السياسات التعليمية من اتباعها.This research aimed to find out how blended learning affected the writing accuracy of intermediate Iraqi EFL learners. 70 intermediate EFL learners from Iraq took part in this study to achieve this goal. Based on the results of the Oxford Placement Test, they were between the ages of 18 and 32, had Arabic as their first language, and had the same level of English proficiency (OPT). They were divided into the experimental group (n=35) and the control group (n=35) at random. The control group received the identical instruction using a face-to-face, traditional teacher-centered approach while the experimental group received it using a blended learning approach. Pre- and post-testing was used to obtain the data, which was then analyzed using paired sample t-tests and independent sample T-tests. The results showed that, in the pre-test, the mean of the control group was more than the experimental group but the difference was not significant. The experimental group, nevertheless, significantly outperformed the control group after using the blended learning strategy. The findings have some implications for EFL teachers, materials developers, and policymakers

The anti-leech effect of ethanolic etract ofachillea millefolium l. Compared to levamisole and niclosamide on limnatis nilotica

This experimental trial was designed to evaluate the anti-Limnatis nilotica effect of Achillea millefolium L. ethanolic extract as well as levimisole and niclosamide. In an experimental study the extract of Achillea millefolium L. aerial parts was prepared and then the severity effect of the treatments was recorded and compared with placebo group on L. nilotica as anti-leech assay. The average time of paralysis and death of L. nilotica for Levamisole, niclosamide and Achillea millefolium L. plant were 12.66±5.19 min, 19.22±3.42 min and 90±17 min, respectively. Distilled water was determined as the inert for control group. In this study, it was determined that Achillea millefolium L. plant with an intensity of 3+ have a good anti-leech effect and can be shown to be effective in cases of leech bitings. © 2014 Vasile Goldis University Press

Spatial distributions of natural radionuclide concentrations of bottled mineral water: doses estimation and health risk assessment

Background: Evaluation of the various types of water reveal that groundwater comprises 99% of the earth’s available fresh water. Many factors affect the type and degree of mineralization, as well as the natural radionuclides content in these types of water. The consumption of bottled natural mineral water, which comes from groundwater, among Iranians is gradually increasing. Therefore, the detection of high concentrations of radionuclides, associated with consumption of groundwater, is proposed as a public health problem in several areas. Methods: In this study, the activity concentration of natural radionuclides such as 226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb, and 40K, annual effective dose for three age groups (17 years), and excess lifetime cancer risk due to the ingestion of natural radionuclides present in 70 different commercial bottled mineral waters from most provinces of Iran, were evaluated. Activity concentrations were measured using gamma spectrometry and a high purity germanium detector (HPGe). Results: The results showed that the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were higher than those reported in the same studies in other countries. Also, the annul effective dose for the three age groups was much higher than the recommended value (0.1 mSvyr-1), as reported by the WHO. The excess lifetime cancer risk for three radionuclides, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K, were less than the acceptable value of 10-3 for radiological risk, while the risk for 210Pb was higher than the recommended value. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the frequent use of bottled waters produced in different provinces of Iran possess health hazards to consumers. Keywords: Mineral waters, Spectrometry, Gamma, Radium-226, Potassium-40, Ira

Effect of adjuvant sleep hygiene psychoeducation and lorazepam on depression and sleep quality in patients with major depressive disorders: results from a randomized three-arm intervention

Sleep disturbances are a common co-occurring disturbance in patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) and accordingly deserve particular attention. Using a randomized design, we investigated the effects of three different adjuvant interventions on sleep and depression among patients with MDD: a sleep hygiene program (SHP), lorazepam (LOR), and their combination (SHP-LOR).; A total of 120 outpatients with diagnosed MDD (mean age: 48.25 years; 56.7% females) and treated with a standard SSRI (citalopram at 20-40 mg at therapeutic level) were randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions: SHP (n=40), LOR (1 mg/d; n=40), SHP-LOR (1 mg/d; n=40). At the beginning and at the end of the study 8 weeks later, patients completed two questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep and the Beck Depression Inventory to assess symptoms of depression.; Sleep disturbances decreased over time and in all groups. No group differences or interactions were observed. Symptoms of depression decreased over time and in all three groups. Reduction in symptoms of depression was greatest in the SHP-LOR group and lowest in the LOR group.; The pattern of results suggests that all three adjuvant treatments improved symptoms of sleep disturbances and depression, with greater benefits for the SHP-LOR for symptoms of depression, but not for sleep. Nevertheless, risks and benefits of benzodiazepine prescriptions should be taken into account

Effects of vitamin B6 on premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review and meta-Analysis

Background and Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a range of physical and psychological symptoms which regularly occur during the luteal phase of a menstrual cycle and disappear short after menstruation starts. Considering the negative effects of PMS on women's daily life, various treatments have been developed to alleviate its symptoms. Vitamin B6 is one of the complementary therapies used to treat PMS. The present meta-Analysis aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin B6 on PMS. Methodology: Different databases including PubMed, ISI, Scopus, SID, Magiran, Science Direct, and Medlib were searched to identify studies addressing the effects of vitamin B6 on PMS. The relevant data obtained from these papers were analyzed by a random-effects model. Data were analyzed using R Ver. 3.2.3 Software and STATA. Results: There were significant reductions in the mean scores of PMS after treatment with vitamin B6 compare to control groups. Moreover, the mean PMS scores of the two groups were also significantly different after the treatment. The mean difference between the two groups was -1.19 [95% CI: -1.94,-0.44; P = 0.002]. Significant reductions were also observed in physical symptoms (P = 0.006) and psychological symptoms (P < 0.001) of PMS after the intervention. Conclusion: The results of our meta-Analysis confirmed vitamin B6 as a beneficial, inexpensive, and effective treatment for PMS symptoms. Therefore, the administration of this treatment option will enable midwives to achieve the important goal of reducing PMS symptoms

The most important medicinal plants affecting the brain and nerves: An overview on Iranian ethnobotanical sources

Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to treat neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to report the medicinal plants used to treat these disorders in ethnobotanical resources of Iran. Traditional remedial information of this study was obtained by searching common key words such as neurological disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, mental illness, and medicinal plants in scientific databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC), Magiran and Scientific Information Database (SID) of Iran. Several medicinal plants up to 71 species are used as effective remedies on neurological disorders in different cities, regions and provinces of Iran such as Arasbaran, Jandagh, Khuzestan, Sirjan, Sistan, north of Iran, Mobarakeh, Marivan, Kashan, West Azarbaijan, Ilam. Medicinal plants show their therapeutic effects due to the presence of antioxidants, flavonoids, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins activities and so on

Damage intensity of carvacrol on prostatic cancer cells lineDu145 and molecular dynamic simulation of it effect on apoptotic factors

Prostatic cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases in men worldwide. The apoptotic factors such as BID, BIM and APAF1 have a main role in inducing apoptotic pathways. On the other hand, some compounds can active this apoptotic factors. In this study, this notion was investigated by the use of the comet assay technique and molecular dynamics simulations. In the comet assay technique, different concentrations including 130, 230, and 360 μM of Carvacrol were selected according to IC50 using MTT assay on the cell line DU145. Then, alkaline electrophoresis was performed and 100 comet pictures were analyzed using CASP software. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and also using molecular dynamics simulations, wherein protein and Carvacrol were studied, thus avoiding the necessity for quantum mechanical calculations. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out using with Carvacrol closed in a fully hydrated simulation box with a protein (Bak, Bax, Bim, Apaf1, Bid and P38). The IC50 for Carvacrol was determined at 360μM by MTT test. Rate of tail to head in alkaline electrophoresis at 130, 230, and 360 μM of Carvacrol concentrations were 13. 8±0. 3, 40. 6±0. 3, and 47. 6±0. 5 percent, respectively. Statistical analysis of the molecular dynamics and calculated potential energy, radius of gyration (Rg), temperature, root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and root mean square deviation (RMSD) indicated that Carvacrol affected protein which stimulated the apoptosis cascade. Therefore, both experimental and theoretical results demonstrate carvacrol directly affects factors initiating apoptosis. © 2016, Sphinx Knowledge House. All rights reserved

Visual Outcomes of Adding Erythropoietin to Methylprednisolone for Treatment of Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis

Purpose: To compare the short-term visual function results and safety of erythropoietin as an add-on to the standard corticosteroid therapy in retrobulbar optic neuritis (RON). Methods: In this prospective pilot study, adult patients with isolated RON with less than 10 days of onset were enrolled. Patients were consecutively assigned to standard intravenous methylprednisolone treatment either in combination with intravenous erythropoietin (20,000 units/day for three days) (group-1) or alone (group-2). Primary outcome measure was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), which was assessed up to 120 days from the day the treatment was begun. Systemic evaluations were performed during and after treatment. Results: Sixty-two patients with RON (mean age = 26.6 ± 5.77 years; range = 18–40 years) were enrolled into the study (group-1, n = 35; group-2, n = 27). BCVA three months after the treatment was 0.19 ± 0.55 logMAR and 0.11 ± 0.32 logMAR in group-1 and group-2, respectively (95% CI: –0.61–0.16; P = 0.62). Change in BCVA after three months was 2.84 ± 3.49 logMAR in group-1 and 2.46 ± 1.40 logMAR in group-2 (95% CI: –0.93–1.91; P = 0.57). Pace of recovery was not significantly different between the groups. No complications were detected among patients. Conclusion: Intravenous erythropoietin as an add-on did not significantly improve the visual outcome in terms of visual acuity, visual field, and contrast sensitivity compared to traditional intravenous corticosteroid. This pilot study supports the safety profile of intravenous human recombinant erythropoietin, and it may help formulate future investigations with a larger sample size

Identification of medicinal plants effective on sinusitis native to Shiraz province in Iran

Sinusitis is one of the most infectious diseases that affect holes around the nose such as frontal ethmoid sinuses, maxillary and sphenoid. Symptoms usually include nasal congestion and obstruction, feeling of pressure or fullness in the face, anterior or posterior nasal causing discharge, headaches, fever, swelling and erythema in forehead or cheek and cough. The symptoms might be edema and mucosal congestion, nasal drainage, posterior nasal discharge, nasal septum deviation and polyps. The medicinal plants identified for instance are Amygdalus scoparia Spach, Echinophora platyloba DC., Haplophyllum perforatum L, Lavandula stoechas L, Borago officinalis, Matricaria recutita, Descurainia Sophia (L.) Schr and Haplophyllum perforatum L to treat sinusitis in Shiraz. Many of these plants have antioxidant activity and contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, anthocyanins, tannins and many other pharmaceutical bioactive ingredients that have effects on sinusitis. This paper aims to review the recently published papers in this topic