A 6-year retrospective study of bloodstream Salmonella infection and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

AbstractObjectivesBloodstream infections (BSI) are a serious cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Emerging antimicrobial drug resistance among bacterial pathogens causing BSI can limit therapeutic options and complicate patient management. This retrospective study was conducted to determine trends in Salmonella BSI and antibiotic susceptibility patterns over 6 years (2008–2013) in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.MethodsA total of 3584 blood samples were collected from patients with clinically diagnosed enteric fever at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from January 2008 to December 2013. Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi were identified by standard microbiological and biochemical procedures.ResultsA total of 168 isolates of S. enterica serovar Typhi and 160 isolates of S. enterica serovar Paratyphi were found. The average prevalence rate of Salmonella in the blood was 9.15%. Young patients, neonates, and elderly individuals were more prone to Salmonella infection than other patients, and females were more susceptible to Salmonella septicemia than males. Among Salmonella spp. isolates, 20.92% were multidrug resistant and showed high resistance against amoxicillin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol. Resistance rates to cefipime, cefixime, and ceftriaxone are increasing slowly. Among Salmonella spp. isolates, 57.01% showed extended-spectrum β-lactamase production capability.ConclusionSpecific antibiotic utilization strategies such as antibiotic restriction, combination therapy and usage according to standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing may help decrease or prevent the emergence of resistance and incidence of BSI

Evaluation of the performance of gum guar varieties in north eastern Karnataka, India

The climatic situation in north eastern parts of Karnataka (except Bidar district) is almost similar to that of Rajastan. There is considerable area under rainfed situations and guar being a highly drought and temperature tolerant summer annual legume crop, there is hope for guar as an alternate and contingent crop during drought year in this region. With this objective effort were made to introduce, evaluate and to identify suitable gum guar varieties for North eastern parts of Karnataka. Ten gum guar varieties developed, released and cultivated in Rajasthan, Haryana and Gujarat state were evaluated in Agricultural Research Stations (ARS) located in Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgiri, Bellary and Raichur districts of Karnataka during Kharif 2013-14. At Bidar, the top entry with respect to yield was HG-884 (679.00 Kg/ Ha), Variety RGC-1031 (793.00 Kg/Ha) performed well with respect to seed yield in Gulbarga district. Genotypes GAUG-13 (614.00 Kg/Ha) and RGC-986 (501.00 Kg/Ha) recorded higher seed yield respectively, in Bellary and Yadgiri district. At Raichur GAUG-13, recorded highest seed yield of 1432.00 Kg/Ha. Over the locations genotype GAUG-13 recorded highest seed yield of 759.00 Kg/Ha followed by HG-884 (700.40 Kg/Ha) and RGC-986 (696.60 Kg/Ha). The varieties tested exhibited considerable significance differences among themselves at four locations, except at one location (Agricultural Research Station, Bheemarayanagudi, Yadgir district). Variety GAUG-13, recorded highest seed yield over three locations indicating its wider adaptability

Analisa Kerusakan Pada Pisau Digester Pengolahan Minyak Kelapa Sawit (Studi Kasus Di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit PT Karya Tanah Subur)

Pabrik Kepala Sawit PT Karya Tanah Subur (KTS) merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perkebunan dan pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit dengan kapasitas 20 ton/jam TBS yang beroperasi di Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Proses produksi dan penggunaan mesin pabrik secara berkala selama 24 jam dapat menimbulkan kerusakan atau downtime pada mesin sehingga mempengaruhi efisiensi pada proses produksi. Mesin degister menjadi salah satu mesin kerap kali digunakan secara terus menurus di pabrik. Dalam proses pengolahan, kerusakan pada mesin degister merupakan permasalahan umum yang belum terselesaikan. Diketahui bahwa pisau pada mesin degister sering terjadinya keausan dan kerusakan (patah) hingga mengakibatkan proses produksi terhenti. Berdasarkan permasalahan dan penelitian terdahulu, maka penulis berinisiatif untuk melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisa permasalahan kerusakan pada komponen pisau digester yang berada di mesin degister dengan menggunakan metode FMEA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat 5 kegagalan pada mesin degister khususnya pada komponen pisau degister yakni mata pisau degister patah, mata pisau degister mengalami keausan, mata pisau degister bengkok, rendahnya suhu yang dihasilkan oleh steam boiler sehingga mempengaruhi temperatur mesin degister dan kelonggaran baut pengikat antara pisau dan shaft mesin degister. Dari analisa metode FMEA diketahui bahwa kerusakan akibat mata pisau degister patah diperoleh RPN tertinggi dengan nilai 504, yang menandakan bahwa kerusakan tersebut yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pisau degister. Hasil pencarian akar permasalah menggunakan metode fishbone diagram diketahui bahwa terdapat 4 faktor yang menyebabkan pisau degister patah yaitu faktor manusia, metode, lingkungan dan mesin.

Potret Pola Pendidikan Agama Islam Keluarga Pekerja Perkebunan Teh Desa Tangsi Baru Kabawetan

Abstract: The Portrayal Of Islamic Religious Education Patterns Of The Workers’ Family At The Tea Plantation In Tangsi Baru Village Kabawetan The family is a small part of society that consists of a father, mother (parents), and children. Parents are the first and foremost educators for every child. When parents have other professions outside the home, they definitely still have to prioritize religious education for their children even in the early years. In this regard, how are the patterns of familial education in Tangsi Baru Village, Kabawetan, Kepahiang Regency, in the midst of families as the tea laborers? To answer the foregoing question, this study used a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques were interviews and observations, and the data were then analyzed in a qualitative way. The conclusion is showed that the most widely applied pattern of Islamic education in the family was a democratic pattern, with the reason in order that their children are not circumscribed by the parents’ rules, in the meantime, their control is very limited because of being the plantation workersAbstrak : Potret Pola Pendidikan Agama Islam Keluarga Pekerja Perkebunan Teh Desa Tangsi Baru Kabawetan Keluarga adalah bagian kecil dari masyarakat yang terdiri dari ayah, ibu (orang tua) dan anak. Orang tua merupakan pendidik pertama dan utama bagi setiap anak. Ketika orang tua memiliki profesi yang lain selain di rumah, tentu tetap harus mengedepankan pendidikan agama pada anak mereka bahkan sejak usia kanak-kanak. Bagaimanakah dengan pola pendidikan dalam keluarga di Desa Tangsi Baru Kabawetan Kabupaten Kepahiang, di tengah keluarga yang notabene berprofesi sebagai pekerja perkebunan Teh?. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi selanjutnya dianalisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif pula. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola pendidikan Agama Islam dalam keluarga yang paling banyak diterapkan adalah pola demokratis, dengan alasan agar anak mereka tidak terkungkung dengan aturan dari orang tua sementara pengawasan mereka sangat terbatas karena kesibukan sebagai pekerja perkebuna

A Intelligent Fingerprint Based Biometric System for Personal Identification-A Survey

Today, because of the vulnerability of standard authentication system, law-breaking has accumulated within the past few years. Identity authentication that relies on biometric feature like face, iris, voice, hand pure mathematics, handwriting, retina, fingerprints will considerably decrease the fraud. so that they square measure being replaced by identity verification mechanisms. Among biometrics fingerprint systems are one amongst most generally researched and used. it\'s fashionable due to their easy accessibility. During this paper we tend to discuss the elaborated study of various gift implementation define strategies together with their comparative measures and result analysis thus as realize a brand new constructive technique for fingerprint recognition

Sophorolipid biosurfactants: Possible uses as antibacterial and antibiofilm agent.

Biosurfactants are amphipathic, surface-active molecules of microbial origin which accumulate at interfaces reducing interfacial tension and leading to the formation of aggregated micellular structures in solution. Some biosurfactants have been reported to have antimicrobial properties, the ability to prevent adhesion and to disrupt biofilm formation. We investigated antimicrobial properties and biofilm disruption using sophorolipids at different concentrations. Growth of Gram negative Cupriavidus necator ATCC 17699 and Gram positive Bacillus subtilis BBK006 were inhibited by sophorolipids at concentrations of 5% v/v with a bactericidal effect. Sophorolipids (5% v/v) were also able to disrupt biofilms formed by single and mixed cultures of B. subtilis BBK006 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 9144 under static and flow conditions, as was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that sophorolipids may be promising compounds for use in biomedical application as adjuvants to other antimicrobial against some pathogens through inhibition of growth and/or biofilm disruption

A signature-based data security and authentication framework for internet of things applications

Internet of things (IoT) is the next big revolution in modernized network technologies connecting a massive number of heterogeneous smart appliances and physical objects. Owing to these technologies' novelty, various issues are characterized by security concerns are the most prioritized issue. A review of existing security approaches highlights that they are very particular about the solution towards a specific attack and cannot resist any unknown attacker. Therefore, this manuscript presents a novel computational model that introduces a unique authentication process using a simplified encryption strategy. The simulated study outcome shows that the proposed system offers efficient security and efficient data transmission performance in the presence of an unknown adversary. Hence, the study outcome exhibits better effects than frequently used security solutions when implemented in a vulnerable IoT environment

The usage of edutainment in learning environment / Mohd Fakruddin Abdul Rahman

As education design becomes more complex and challenging, a new form of teaching required in the delivery of new knowledge, integration and a more democratic relationship between teachers and students. New tool is needed to help the process of teaching and learning process. One of the common teaching methods that teachers prefer today is a lecture method in delivering the content and used one-way communication. This method make the role of student who sit passively in class only listen which later will lead the students to become bored to learn.. A survey is conducted to achieve to determine the students* response towards edutainment usage. The response is focused on understanding and interest of the students towards the edutainment usage. The questionnaire is constructed by taking the determinants of TAM as the constructors for the questions. The edutainment software used is Ray's Letters and Numbers and it is suitable for children. The target respondents for this research are Year 2 students. The usage of edutainment in learning environment is to create a fun learning style for students. Students learned but at the same time have fun. From the analysis, 90.0% of students agreed that edutainment software can help them understand English, 93.3% of students agreed that edutainment can create fun learning environment and 86.7% of students agreed that edutainment can encourage them to learn