Tension between paradigms : notes on social policy in Brazil (1988/2008)

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A Política Social do Governo Lula (2003-2010):: perspectiva histórica

O objetivo desse ensaio é analisar a política social do governo do presidente Luis Inácio "Lula" da Silva (2003-2010) na perspectiva da trajetória da proteção social brasileira nas últimas cinco décadas. Argumenta-se que ela se insere numa longa fase de tensões entre paradigmas (Estado Mínimo versus Estado de Bem-Estar Social) observadas no período entre 1990 e 2002. Essas fricções, intensas nessa quadra, permaneceram vivas entre 2003 e 2005 e arrefeceram entre 2006 e 2010. Mais especificamente, inserida nessa trajetória, a política social de Lula compreende duas etapas bem definidas. A primeira - Mudança ou Continuidade (2003-2005)? - é marcada pela manutenção da ortodoxia econômica que teve consequências nos rumos tensionados da política social. Conviviam no seio do próprio governo forças defensoras do Estado Mínimo e setores que defendiam os direitos universais. A segunda - Ensaios Desenvolvimentistas (2006-2010) - é marcada pelo arrefecimento dessas tensões. A crise financeira internacional (2008) mitigou a hegemonia do pensamento neoliberal e a agenda do "Estado Mínimo" perdeu força. O crescimento econômico voltou a ter destaque na agenda do governo. A melhoria do mundo do trabalho e das contas públicas abriu espaço para a ampliação do gasto social. Caminhou-se para construção de uma estratégia na qual políticas universais e focalizadas passaram ser vistas como complementares. A despeito dessas inflexões positivas, o espectro do retrocesso ainda permaneceu vivo, embora com menor intensidade

Fragmentação da luta política e agenda de desenvolvimento

O papel da democracia na representação dos interesses gerais da sociedade foi mitigado, nas últimas quatro décadas, da concorrência capitalista sob a hegemonia do capital financeiro e do pensamento neoliberal. O papel que se espera dos partidos políticos progressistas,como instituições articuladoras das demandas da sociedade numa perspectiva de transformação, foi esvaziado. O ataque ao poder dos sindicatos, protagonista das transformações sociais no capitalismo, também foi um dos focos da investida neoliberal. Em função desses fatos, nas últimas décadas, o campo progressista deixou de tratar dos grandes temas nacionais relacionados ao enfrentamento do subdesenvolvimento político, econômico e social do país. A fragmentação da luta política em torno de pautas setoriais específicas tem prevalecido ante o debate de temas estruturais. Com raras exceções, perdeu-se a perspectiva de que o encaminhamento de muitas dessas pautas segmentadas depende de superarem-se constrangimentos estruturais políticos e econômicos pensados na ótica de um novo projeto de transformação. Em última instância, os protestos populares de junho de 2013 repuseram o conflito redistributivo no centro do debate nacional. As respostas não podem ser minimalistas, mas pensadas na perspectiva de um projeto de transformação. O desafio do campo progressista é ampliar os diálogos na perspectiva de construir consensos para a formulação de um projeto nacional nucleado no combate às diversas faces das desigualdades sociais, o que demanda a construção de um campo de alianças e debates públicos cada vez mais ampliados. Este ensaio sugere pontos de uma agenda sobre a dimensão social do desenvolvimento. Essa via poderá abrir pistas para que a luta política se liberte dos labirintos em que está enredada

A inédita e embrionária cidadania social brasileira em xeque

Entrevista de Eduardo Fagnani por Sandra Teixeira

OS CLUBES-EMPRESA DA SEGUNDA DIVISÃO DO CAMPEONATO PAULISTA DE FUTEBOL 2008 E AS RELAÇÕES COM SEUS GRUPOS DE INTERESSE

Este trabalho aborda, a partir da técnica observacional de pesquisa etnográfica, os seis clubes-empresa que disputaram a Segunda Divisão do Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Profissional em 2008 e as relações estabelecidas com seus respectivos stakeholders (grupos de interesse). O objetivo da pesquisa foi apresentar uma visão crítica sobre o modelo administrativo empresarial aplicado em cada uma das agremiações analisadas. O trabalho busca analisar as particularidades da Segunda Divisão paulista (a qual corresponde, na verdade, à quarta divisão), que possuía, em 2008, mais clubes-empresa do que no Campeonato Brasileiro da primeira divisão do mesmo ano.Palavras-chave: Clube-empresa. Grupos de Interesse. Futebol Paulista

Blood Pressure, Serum Glucose, Cholesterol, and Triglycerides in Dogs with Different Body Scores

The objective of this research was to determine the frequency for the occurrence of MS in dogs, using the criteria determined, and to correlate the criteria of dogs that would characterize the MS with different body condition score (BCS). 271 dogs with different body scores were studied, with 101 dogs with BCS 4-5; 101 dogs with BCS 6-7; and 69 dogs with BCS 8-9. Among the dogs studied, 62 (22,87%) had two or more inclusion criteria for MS. Of these, 28 had BCS 6-7, while 34 dogs had BCS 8-9. Therefore, 27,72% of overweight dogs had inclusion criteria for MS and 49,27% of obese ones had two or more inclusion criteria for MS. When only overweight and obese dogs were considered as a total population, it was observed that 36,47% got inclusion criteria for the MS. No dog with BCS 4-5 showed two or more inclusion criteria for MS. The metabolic syndrome, according to the parameters for inclusion defined in the literature, was observed in 22,87% of the animals studied and in 36% of dogs overweight or obese. Furthermore, MS was most common in obese (49%) compared to overweight dogs (27%)

Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Real-world Clinical Practice : Results of a Prospective, Multinational, Noninterventional Study

Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: M.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Novartis, and Takeda and grants from Janssen and Sanofi during the conduct of the study. E.T. has received grants from Janssen and personal fees from Janssen and Takeda during the conduct of the study, and grants from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, personal fees from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Glaxo-Smith Kline outside the submitted work. M.V.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, and Takeda outside the submitted work. M.C. reports honoraria from Janssen, outside the submitted work. M. B. reports grants from Janssen Cilag during the conduct of the study. M.D. has received honoraria for participation on advisory boards for Janssen, Celgene, Takeda, Amgen, and Novartis. H.S. has received honoraria from Janssen-Cilag, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Takeda outside the submitted work. V.P. reports personal fees from Janssen during the conduct of the study and grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from Amgen, grants and personal fees from Sanofi, and personal fees from Takeda outside the submitted work. W.W. has received personal fees and grants from Amgen, Celgene, Novartis, Roche, Takeda, Gilead, and Janssen and nonfinancial support from Roche outside the submitted work. J.S. reports grants and nonfinancial support from Janssen Pharmaceutical during the conduct of the study. V.L. reports funding from Janssen Global Services LLC during the conduct of the study and study support from Janssen-Cilag and Pharmion outside the submitted work. A.P. reports employment and shareholding of Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) during the conduct of the study. C.C. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. C.F. reports employment at Janssen Research and Development during the conduct of the study. F.T.B. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. The remaining authors have stated that they have no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The AuthorsMultiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease, with little information available on its management in real-world clinical practice. The results of the present prospective, noninterventional observational study revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to treat MM. Our results also provide data to inform health economic, pharmacoepidemiologic, and outcomes research, providing a framework for the design of protocols to improve the outcomes of patients with MM. Background: The present prospective, multinational, noninterventional study aimed to document and describe real-world treatment regimens and disease progression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Patients and Methods: Adult patients initiating any new MM therapy from October 2010 to October 2012 were eligible. A multistage patient/site recruitment model was applied to minimize the selection bias; enrollment was stratified by country, region, and practice type. The patient medical and disease features, treatment history, and remission status were recorded at baseline, and prospective data on treatment, efficacy, and safety were collected electronically every 3 months. Results: A total of 2358 patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 775 and 1583 did and did not undergo stem cell transplantation (SCT) at any time during treatment, respectively. Of the patients in the SCT and non-SCT groups, 49%, 21%, 14%, and 15% and 57%, 20%, 12% and 10% were enrolled at treatment line 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT groups, 45% and 54% of the patients had received bortezomib-based therapy without thalidomide/lenalidomide, 12% and 18% had received thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy without bortezomib, and 30% and 4% had received bortezomib plus thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy as frontline treatment, respectively. The corresponding proportions of SCT and non-SCT patients in lines 2, 3, and ≥ 4 were 45% and 37%, 30% and 37%, and 12% and 3%, 33% and 27%, 35% and 32%, and 8% and 2%, and 27% and 27%, 27% and 23%, and 6% and 4%, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT patients, the overall response rate was 86% to 97% and 64% to 85% in line 1, 74% to 78% and 59% to 68% in line 2, 55% to 83% and 48% to 60% in line 3, and 49% to 65% and 36% and 45% in line 4, respectively, for regimens that included bortezomib and/or thalidomide/lenalidomide. Conclusion: The results of our prospective study have revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to manage MM in real-life practice. This diversity was linked to factors such as novel agent accessibility and evolving treatment recommendations. Our results provide insight into associated clinical benefits.publishersversionPeer reviewe