Estudio comparativo de alteraciones electrocardiográficas, frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial entre seropositivos y seronegativos para Trypanosoma cruzi en el valle de Vítor, Arequipa-Perú

Introducción: La forma clínica cardiaca es la principal causa de morbimortalidad de la enfermedad de Chagas, y su patogenia estaría relacionada con alteraciones del sistema nervioso autónomo que afectarían la fisiología cardiovascular.  Objetivos: Comparar los valores de frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y las alteraciones electrocardiográficas de pobladores infectados con T. cruzi y sujetos control.  Material y métodos: estudio analítico, observacional, transversal; realizado en el valle de Vítor de Arequipa en el período 2004-2005. Se estudiaron 75 voluntarios mayores de 15 años de edad, distribuidos en 25 seropositivos y 50 seronegativos para T. cruzi, pareados por edad y sexo. Se midió frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y se realizó electrocardiografía estándar, comparándose los resultados en ambos grupos.  Resultados: Los valores de frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial fueron similares entre los sujetos infectados con T. cruzi y los controles, al igual que la presencia de bradicardia sinusal, hipotensión e hipertensión arterial. En 40% de los sujetos seropositivos hubo alteraciones electrocardiográficas, y en sujetos control en 26% diferencia estadísticamente no significativa. Las alteraciones más frecuentes en ambos grupos fueron los cambios inespecíficos de repolarización, bradicardia sinusal, hemibloqueo anerior izquierdo, extrasistolias supraventriculares. Se presentó bloqueo completo de rama derecha y hemibloqueo anterior izquierdo en personas infectadas con T. cruzi menores de 40 años.  Conclusiones: La prevalencia de alteraciones cardiovasculares fue similar en población infectada con T. cruzi y sujetos control. Las alteraciones al EKG más frecuentes no son las típicamente descritas en enfermedad de Chagas.

Composición taxonómica y abundancia espacio-temporal de la ictiofauna del Río Presidio, Sinaloa, México

Abstract: Taxonomic composition and spatio-temporal abundance of the ichthyofauna in Presidio River, Sinaloa, Mexico. The Rio Presidio in the southern Sinaloa, Mexico belongs to Nearctic-Neotropical zoogeographical transition zone, where its fish fauna could manifest changes in the abundance and distribution of the species during rainy and dry periods. The main objective of this study was to describe the taxonomic composition and spatial and temporal abundance of the fish fauna from the lower and middle Rio Presidio, by means of bimonthly samplings from April 2008 to February 2009. Forty fish species (39 native and 1 exotic) belonging to 32 genera and 19 families were registered. Two families (Gerreidae and Poeciliidae) contained the highest numbers of species (five and four, respectively). Six species (Lile stolifera, Oreochromis aureus, Awaous banana, Anchoa analis, Gobiomorus maculatus and Atherinella crystallina) in this order of importance contributed with almost 49 % of the total fish abundance. Species richness and salinity showed a direct relationship and an inverse relationship with the altitude. Based on the coefficient of similarity of species among sites two fish assemblages were identified. The first assemblage formed by species from marine derivation (peripheral) occurring in the lower part of the river, and the second assemblage by secondary freshwater species in the middle part. The higher fish species similarity observed in August and September was under the influence of the highest flows of the rainy period. Twenty-seven 27 species showed affinity to the Tropical Eastern Pacific Region, six species to the Neotropical region and two to the Nearctic region (Dorosoma smithi and Ictalurus cf. pricei ); one species has an Amphiatlantic distribution (Mugil curema), another is circumtropical (Mugil cephalus), two species have Amphiamerican distribution (A. monticola and G. cinereus), and one is exotic (O. aureus). Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 848-862. Epub 2018 June 01. Key words: fish fauna; distribution; abundance; zoogeography; ecogeography

Natural History of MYH7-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Variants in myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) are responsible for disease in 1% to 5% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, the clinical characteristics and natural history of MYH7-related DCM are poorly described. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the phenotype and prognosis of MYH7-related DCM. We also evaluated the influence of variant location on phenotypic expression. METHODS We studied clinical data from 147 individuals with DCM-causing MYH7 variants (47.6% female; 35.6 +/- 19.2 years) recruited from 29 international centers. RESULTS At initial evaluation, 106 (72.1%) patients had DCM (left ventricular ejection fraction: 34.5% +/- 11.7%). Median follow-up was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.7-8.0 years), and 23.7% of carriers who were initially phenotype-negative developed DCM. Phenotypic expression by 40 and 60 years was 46% and 88%, respectively, with 18 patients (16%) first diagnosed at <18 years of age. Thirty-six percent of patients with DCM met imaging criteria for LV noncompaction. During follow-up, 28% showed left ventricular reverse remodeling. Incidence of adverse cardiac events among patients with DCM at 5 years was 11.6%, with 5 (4.6%) deaths caused by end-stage heart failure (ESHF) and 5 patients (4.6%) requiring heart transplantation. The major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.0% and 2.1% at 5 years in patients with DCM and in those with LVEF of <= 35%, respectively). ESHF and major ventricular arrhythmia were significantly lower compared with LMNA-related DCM and similar to DCM caused by TTN truncating variants. CONCLUSIONS MYH7-related DCM is characterized by early age of onset, high phenotypic expression, low left ventricular reverse remodeling, and frequent progression to ESHF. Heart failure complications predominate over ventricular arrhythmias, which are rare. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation

Abundance and Distribution Patterns of Thunnus albacares in Isla del Coco National Park through Predictive Habitat Suitability Models

Information on the distribution and habitat preferences of ecologically and commercially important species is essential for their management and protection. This is especially important as climate change, pollution, and overfishing change the structure and functioning of pelagic ecosystems. In this study, we used Bayesian hierarchical spatial-temporal models to map the Essential Fish Habitats of the Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the waters around Isla del Coco National Park, Pacific Costa Rica, based on independent underwater observations from 1993 to 2013. We assessed if observed changes in the distribution and abundance of this species are related with habitat characteristics, fishing intensity or more extreme climatic events, including the El Niño Southern Oscillation, and changes on the average sea surface temperature. Yellowfin tuna showed a decreasing abundance trend in the sampled period, whereas higher abundances were found in shallow and warmer waters, with high concentration of chlorophyll-a, and in surrounding seamounts. In addition, El Niño Southern Oscillation events did not seem to affect Yellowfin tuna distribution and abundance. Understanding the habitat preferences of this species, using approaches as the one developed here, may help design integrated programs for more efficient management of vulnerable species.Marine Stewardship Council/[]/MSC/LondresUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR

Estudio comparativo de alteraciones electrocardiográficas, frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial entre seropositivos y seronegativos para Trypanosoma cruzi en el valle de Vítor, Arequipa-Perú

Introduction: the cardiac syndrome is the main cause of morbidty and mortality in Chagas disease, and its pathogenesis appears to be related to abnormalities of the autonomous nervous system which affect cardiovascular physiology. Objectives: to compare the values of heart rate ,blood pressure and electrocardiographic (EKG) abnormalities of the infected population with those of the control population. Materials and Methods: this is an analytic, observational, cross sectional study made in the valley of Vítor, Arequipa, from 2004 to 2005. Volunteers over 15 yearse of age ere studied: 25 T. cruzi seropositive an 50 T. cruzi seronegative persons. Examinations including heart rate, blood pressure and standard 12-lead EDGs were performed, comparing the results between the groups. Results: heart rate and blood pressure values were similar between seropositive subjects and their controls; the same was true of sinus bradycardia, hypotension and hypertension. EKG abnormalities were found in 40% of seropositives and 26% of the controls; the difference didnt reach statistical significance. The EKG abnormalities detected most often in the 2 groups were nonspecific repolarization changes, sinus bradycardia, left anterior bundle block, and supraventricular estrasystoles. Complete right bundle block and partial left anterior bundle block were seen in seropositive persons under 40. Conclusions: the prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities was similar between subjects infected with T. cruzi and their controls. The EKG abnormalities seen most frequently are different from those typically described in Chagas disease patients.Introducción: La forma clínica cardiaca es la principal causa de morbimortalidad de la enfermedad de Chagas, y su patogenia estaría relacionada con alteraciones del sistema nervioso autónomo que afectarían la fisiología cardiovascular. Objetivos: Comparar los valores de frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y las alteraciones electrocardiográficas de pobladores infectados con T. cruzi y sujetos control. Material y métodos: estudio analítico, observacional, transversal; realizado en el valle de Vítor de Arequipa en el período 2004-2005. Se estudiaron 75 voluntarios mayores de 15 años de edad, distribuidos en 25 seropositivos y 50 seronegativos para T. cruzi, pareados por edad y sexo. Se midió frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y se realizó electrocardiografía estándar, comparándose los resultados en ambos grupos. Resultados: Los valores de frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial fueron similares entre los sujetos infectados con T. cruzi y los controles, al igual que la presencia de bradicardia sinusal, hipotensión e hipertensión arterial. En 40% de los sujetos seropositivos hubo alteraciones electrocardiográficas, y en sujetos control en 26% diferencia estadísticamente no significativa. Las alteraciones más frecuentes en ambos grupos fueron los cambios inespecíficos de repolarización, bradicardia sinusal, hemibloqueo anerior izquierdo, extrasistolias supraventriculares. Se presentó bloqueo completo de rama derecha y hemibloqueo anterior izquierdo en personas infectadas con T. cruzi menores de 40 años. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de alteraciones cardiovasculares fue similar en población infectada con T. cruzi y sujetos control. Las alteraciones al EKG más frecuentes no son las típicamente descritas en enfermedad de Chagas

Correlation between MEI and SOI indexes and the Yellowfin tuna abundance from 1993 to 2013.

<p>Correlation between MEI and SOI indexes and the Yellowfin tuna abundance from 1993 to 2013.</p

Summary of the number of dives for location and year around the island from the 1993 to 2013.

<p>Summary of the number of dives for location and year around the island from the 1993 to 2013.</p

Cross-correlation matrix of the environmental variables included in the model.

<p>Cross-correlation matrix of the environmental variables included in the model.</p

Map of the study area and the dive locations.

<p>Map of the study area and the dive locations.</p