1,161 research outputs found
Editorial Catalysts: Supported Metal Catalysts and Their Applications in Fine Chemicals
Editorial to the Special" Issue Supported Metal Catalysts and Their Applications in Fine Chemicals
Spin-enhanced magnetocaloric effect in molecular nanomagnets
An unusually large magnetocaloric effect for the temperature region below 10 K is found for the Fe-14 molecular nanomagnet. This is to large extent caused by its extremely large spin S ground state combined with an excess of entropy arising from the presence of low-lying excited S states. We also show that the highly symmetric Fe-14 cluster core, resulting in small cluster magnetic anisotropy, enables the occurrence of long-range antiferromagnetic order below T-N=1.87 K
Simplified approach to integrate seismic retrofitting prioritization with social cost evaluation: A case study in central Italy
In the last three decades, bridge stock seismic retrofitting prioritization has become one of the cult topics for scientific discussions in the bridge management strategies. More recent methods are focusing on the evaluation of the generalized failure cost, of a specific bridge derived from direct and indirect costs induced to the users/residents of the area exposed to the seismic hazard as a consequence of bridge collapse. However, when these approaches have to be applied to large transport networks, appear still very complex and computa-tional demanding, and therefore simplified methods to evaluate the impact in terms of social cost related to the reduced efficiency of a transportation network due to potential bridge failure, are required.In this work, a simplified method for seismic retrofitting prioritization on a bridge stock is proposed, which is based on a "blended" approach considering specific fragility curves according to several bridge features and condition state, seismic inputs and generalized failure costs related to the transportation network. The effectiveness of the method has been showed on a case study of a local bridge stock placed in central Italy and the obtained results have been compared with those provided by more refined transport simulation models, on one hand, and by more traditional prioritization approaches, on the other. It is highlighted that this method can be very useful for transportation network managers with in a limited budget scenario, in case of lack of information about possible earthquake -induced impacts on a transportation network efficiency.(c) 2022 Periodical Offices of Chang'an University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC -ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Essential singularity in the Renyi entanglement entropy of the one-dimensional XYZ spin-1/2 chain
We study the Renyi entropy of the one-dimensional XYZ spin-1/2 chain in the
entirety of its phase diagram. The model has several quantum critical lines
corresponding to rotated XXZ chains in their paramagnetic phase, and four
tri-critical points where these phases join. Two of these points are described
by a conformal field theory and close to them the entropy scales as the
logarithm of its mass gap. The other two points are not conformal and the
entropy has a peculiar singular behavior in their neighbors, characteristic of
an essential singularity. At these non-conformal points the model undergoes a
discontinuous transition, with a level crossing in the ground state and a
quadratic excitation spectrum. We propose the entropy as an efficient tool to
determine the discontinuous or continuous nature of a phase transition also in
more complicated models.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Large adiabatic temperature and magnetic entropy changes in EuTiO3
We have investigated the magnetocaloric effect in single and polycrystalline
samples of quantum paraelectric EuTiO3 by magnetization and heat capacity
measurements. Single crystalline EuTiO3 shows antiferromagnetic ordering due to
Eu2+ magnetic moments below TN = 5.6 K. This compound shows a giant
magnetocaloric effect around its Neel temperature. The isothermal magnetic
entropy change is 49 Jkg-1K-1, the adiabatic temperature change is 21 K and the
refrigeration capacity is 500 JKg-1 for a field change of 7 T at TN. The single
crystal and polycrystalline samples show similar values of the magnetic entropy
change and adiabatic temperature changes. The large magnetocaloric effect is
due to suppression of the spin entropy associated with localized 4f moment of
Eu2+ ions. The giant magnetocaloric effect together with negligible hysteresis,
suggest that EuTiO3 could be a potential material for magnetic refrigeration
below 20 K.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Full configuration interaction calculation of singlet excited states of Be3
The full configuration interaction (FCI) study of the singlets vertical spectrum of the neutral beryllium trimer has been performed using atomic natural orbitals [3s2p1d] basis set. The FCI triangular equilibrium structure of the ground state has been used to calculate the FCI vertical excitation energies up to 4.8 eV. The FCI vertical ionization potential for the same geometry and basis set amounts to 7.6292 eV. The FCI dipole and quadrupole transition moments from the ground state are reported as well. The FCI electric quadrupole moment of the X 3A1′ ground state has been also calculated with the same basis set (Θzz = −2.6461 a.u., Θxx = Θyy = −1/2Θzz). Twelve of the 19 calculated excited singlets are doubly excited states. Most of the states have large multiconfigurational character. These results provide benchmark values for electronic correlation multireference methods. (4e×6MO)CAS-SDCI values for the same energies and properties are also [email protected]
Conductance quantization in etched Si/SiGe quantum point contacts
We fabricated strongly confined Schottky-gated quantum point contacts by
etching Si/SiGe heterostructures and observed intriguing conductance
quantization in units of approximately 1e2/h. Non-linear conductance
measurements were performed depleting the quantum point contacts at fixed
mode-energy separation. We report evidences of the formation of a half 1e2/h
plateau, supporting the speculation that adiabatic transmission occurs through
1D modes with complete removal of valley and spin degeneracies.Comment: to appear in Physical Review
Cryogenic magnetocaloric effect in the Fe17 molecular nanomagnet
Trabajo presentado al "The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration" celebrado del 21 al 26 de Agosto del 2011 en Praga.-- Dedicated to Alfred Werner on the 100th Anniversary of his Nobel prize in Chemistry in 1913.We study the magnetothermal properties of magnetically isotropic high-spin molecular nanomagnets containing 17 Fe3+ ions per molecule linked via oxide and hydroxide ions, packed in a crystallographic cubic symmetry. Low-temperature magnetization and heat capacity experiments reveal that each molecular unit carries a net spin ground state as large as S = 35/2 and a magnetic anisotropy as small as D = −0.023 K, while no magnetic order, purely driven by dipolar interactions, is to be expected down to very-low temperatures. These characteristics suggest that the Fe17 molecular nanomagnet can potentially be employed as a sub-Kelvin magnetic refrigerant.This work has been partially supported by Spanish MINECO through grants MAT2009-13977-C03 and PIE201060I012, the EPSRC and The Leverhulme Trust (UK).Peer Reviewe
Large adiabatic temperature and magnetic entropy changes in EuTiO3
Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license.-- et al.We have investigated the magnetocaloric effect in single and polycrystalline samples of quantum paraelectric EuTiO3 by magnetization and heat capacity measurements. Single crystalline EuTiO3 shows antiferromagnetic ordering due to Eu2+ magnetic moments below TN=5.6K. This compound shows a giant magnetocaloric effect around its Néel temperature. The isothermal magnetic entropy change is 49Jkg-1K-1, the adiabatic temperature change is 21 K, and the refrigeration capacity is 500Jkg-1 for a field change of 7 T at TN. The single crystal and polycrystalline samples show similar values of the magnetic entropy and adiabatic temperature changes. The large magnetocaloric effect is due to suppression of the spin entropy associated with the localized 4f moment of Eu2+ ions. The giant magnetocaloric effect, together with negligible hysteresis, suggest that EuTiO3 could be a potential material for magnetic refrigeration below 40 K.R.M. acknowledges the support of MOE Tier 1 Grant No. R144-000-308-112. J.-S.W. acknowledges the support of MOE Tier 2 Grant No. R144-000-349-112. M.E. acknowledges financial support from MINECO through Grant No.
FEDER-MAT2012-38318-C03-01.Peer Reviewe
The genus <i>Acanthochitona</i> (Mollusca: Polylacophora) in the Mediterranean Sea: morphological and molecular data
En el presente trabajo se pretende resolver la confusa taxonomía de las especies mediterráneas de los quitones del género Acanthochitona a través de su estudio morfológico (observaciones al SEM de aestetes, rádula y cintura) y molecular (COI, 12S, ITS1). En ambos casos se confirma la validez de las tres especies Acanthochitona fascicularis, A. crinita y A. oblonga, las dos últimas consideradas previamente como sinónimas
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