The policy of transfer of curricular reforms between Spain and Brazil. Towards the psychologization of education

In order to adapt the organization and functioning of the educational system to the constitutional requirements derived from the document of 1978, the Spanish educational reform of the 1980s and 90s went beyond the national borders encompassing international spaces. In its broad and firm expansion to different countries of the Latin American orbit, we want to show how it had a special impact on the reform of the Brazilian education agreed in the nineties reflecting on its development, especially, in the PCNs (National Curricular Parameters). We approach this analysis, derived from the application of the Systematic Literature Review method, which we anticipate of high value and interest, from a threefold dimension that seeks to investigate the influences of Spanish educational policies on Brazil. Firstly, we make use of the essential and classic contribution on school culture made by Professor Escolano (2000). Secondly, we advance until we approach curriculum design (what we understand as“the discourse”) and its consequent projection. And finally, thirdly, we analyze the tensions between psychologists and pedagogues both in interpretative and academic terms that were illustrated in conferences, congresses, seminars and, of course, in the publication of books, articles and reports. Key words: educational system; psychological and pedagogical reform; influences of educational policies; Spain; Brazil

Mouse sperm membrane potential hyperpolarization is necessary and sufficient to prepare sperm for the acrosome reaction

Mammalian sperm are unable to fertilize the egg immediately after ejaculation; they acquire this capacity during migration in the female reproductive tract. This maturational process is called capacitation and in mouse sperm it involves a plasma membrane reorganization, extensive changes in the state of protein phosphorylation, increases in intracellular pH (pHi) and Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), and the appearance of hyperactivated motility. In addition, mouse sperm capacitation is associated with the hyperpolarization of the cell membrane potential. However, the functional role of this process is not known. In this work, to dissect the role of this membrane potential change, hyperpolarization was induced in noncapacitated sperm using either the ENaC inhibitor amiloride, the CFTR agonist genistein or the K+ ionophore valinomycin. In this experimental setting, other capacitation-associated processes such as activation of a cAMP-dependent pathway and the consequent increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation were not observed. However, hyperpolarization was sufficient to prepare sperm for the acrosome reaction induced either by depolarization with high K+ or by addition of solubilized zona pellucida (sZP). Moreover, K+ and sZP were also able to increase [Ca2+]i in non-capacitated sperm treated with these hyperpolarizing agents but not in untreated cells. On the other hand, in conditions that support capacitation-associated processes blocking hyperpolarization by adding valinomycin and increasing K+ concentrations inhibited the agonist-induced acrosome reaction as well as the increase in [Ca2+]i. Altogether, these results suggest that sperm hyperpolarization by itself is key to enabling mice sperm to undergo the acrosome reaction.Fil: de La Vega Beltrán, José Luis. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: Sánchez Cárdenas, Claudia. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: Krapf, Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Hernández González, Enrique. Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados; MéxicoFil: Wertheimer Hermitte, Eva Victoria. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Trevinio, Claudia L.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; MéxicoFil: Visconti, Pablo E.. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Darszon, Alberto. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología; Méxic

Myeloid p38 activation maintains macrophage-liver crosstalk and BAT thermogenesis through IL-12-FGF21 axis.

Obesity features excessive fat accumulation in several body tissues and induces a state of chronic low-grade inflammation that contributes to the development of diabetes, steatosis, and insulin resistance. Recent research has shown that this chronic inflammation is crucially dependent on p38 pathway activity in macrophages, suggesting p38 inhibition as a possible treatment for obesity comorbidities. Nevertheless, we report here that lack of p38 activation in myeloid cells worsens high-fat diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and steatosis. Deficient p38 activation increases macrophage IL-12 production, leading to inhibition of hepatic FGF21 and reduction of thermogenesis in the brown fat. The implication of FGF21 in the phenotype was confirmed by its specific deletion in hepatocytes. We also found that IL-12 correlates with liver damage in human biopsies, indicating the translational potential of our results. Our findings suggest that myeloid p38 has a dual role in inflammation and that drugs targeting IL-12 might improve the homeostatic regulation of energy balance in response to metabolic stress.S

Clinical Results of the Advanced Neurovascular Access Catheter System Combined With a Stent Retriever in Acute Ischemic Stroke (SOLONDA)

Background: The Advanced Neurovascular Access (ANA) thrombectomy system is a novel stroke thrombectomy device comprising a self-expanding funnel designed to reduce clot fragmentation by locally restricting flow while becoming as wide as the lodging artery. Once deployed, the ANA device allows distal aspiration combined with a stent retriever to mobilize the clot into the funnel where it remains copped during extraction. We investigated the safety and efficacy of ANA catheter system. Methods: SOLONDA (Solitaire in Combination With the ANA Catheter System as Manufactured by Anaconda) was a prospective, open, single-arm, multicenter trial with blinded assessment of the primary outcome by an independent core lab. Patients with anterior circulation vessel occlusion admitted within 8 hours from symptom onset were eligible. The primary end point was successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 2b-3) with 3 passes (P=0.02). First-pass successful recanalization rate was 55.6% (95% CI, 44.1%-67.0%), with a first-pass complete recanalization rate of 38.9% (95% CI, 27.6%-50.1%). Rescue therapy to obtain a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score 2b-3 was needed in 12/72 (17%) patients. At 90 days, the rate of favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) was 57.5% (95% CI, 46.2%-68.9%), and the rate of excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-1) was 45.2% (95% CI, 33.8%-56.6%). The rate of severe adverse device related was 1.4%. Conclusions: In this clinical experience, the ANA device achieved a high rate of complete recanalization with a preliminary good safety profile and favorable 90 days clinical outcomes

The immunogenetic diversity of the HLA system in Mexico correlates with underlying population genetic structure

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ’≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.Fil: Barquera, Rodrigo. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Hernández Zaragoza, Diana Iraíz. Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas A la Clínica (tgac); México. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Bravo Acevedo, Alicia. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Arrieta Bolaños, Esteban. Universitat Essen; AlemaniaFil: Clayton, Stephen. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; AlemaniaFil: Acuña Alonzo, Víctor. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia, Mexico; MéxicoFil: Martínez Álvarez, Julio César. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: López Gil, Concepción. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Adalid Sáinz, Carmen. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Vega Martínez, María del Rosario. Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad; MéxicoFil: Escobedo Ruíz, Araceli. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Juárez Cortés, Eva Dolores. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Immel, Alexander. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Christian Albrechts Universitat Zu Kiel; AlemaniaFil: Pacheco Ubaldo, Hanna. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: González Medina, Liliana. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Lona Sánchez, Abraham. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Lara Riegos, Julio. Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán; MéxicoFil: Sánchez Fernández, María Guadalupe de Jesús. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Díaz López, Rosario. Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City; MéxicoFil: Guizar López, Gregorio Ulises. Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City; MéxicoFil: Medina Escobedo, Carolina Elizabeth. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Arrazola García, María Araceli. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Montiel Hernández, Gustavo Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Hernández Hernández, Ofelia. Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas a la Clínica ; MéxicoFil: Ramos de la Cruz, Flor del Rocío. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Juárez Nicolás, Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Pediatría; MéxicoFil: Pantoja Torres, Jorge Arturo. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; MéxicoFil: Rodríguez Munguía, Tirzo Jesús. Hospital General Norberto Treviño Zapata; MéxicoFil: Juárez Barreto, Vicencio. Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez; MéxicoFil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Argentin

Ciencia, Tecnología y Salud en la Atención de los Adolescentes

El Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas (CICMED) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, institución que se distingue por su preocupación en el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación, actividades académicas y de vinculación encaminadas a la detección y tratamiento de aquellos problemas que aquejan a los adolescentes, se ha distinguido por la promoción de la salud del adolescente, además de un trabajo intenso a través de redes de investigación con otras instituciones con lo cual se han enriquecido nuestros proyectos de investigación, permitiendo establecer convenios con instituciones tanto nacionales como internacionales. Los temas que se tratan en este libro, han dado lugar a una gran cantidad de reflexiones, mitos, estrategias y propuestas para la cuidado del adolescente, motivo por el cual se invitó tanto a docentes como a investigadores a participar en este libro y poder mostrar lo que se está haciendo actualmente en relación con la atención de la salud del adolescente desde diferentes perspectivas temáticas, con el propósito de difundir ampliamente los hallazgos que como investigadores se han encontrado a través del trabajo clínico y de campo, aportar información relevante para la prevención y tratamiento de la problemática más frecuente en el adolescente y abrir un espacio de intercambio y actualización, basado en el trabajo interdisciplinario para entender mejor y ampliar la visión de los diferentes factores que inciden en la salud integral del adolescente. El adolescente concebido como la persona que está en la transición de la niñez a la vida adulta, ha existido siempre. Sin embargo, la adolescencia entendida como un proceso bio-psico-social con entidad propia y, en consecuencia, con características necesidades y problemas específicos, es una realidad que apenas ha comenzado a tenerse en cuenta recientemente. La adolescencia es el período de tiempo en el que se producen los cambios desde la inmadurez propia del niño a la madurez propia del adulto. Entendiendo al individuo maduro como: aquel que es capaz de orientar su propia vida según el sentido de la existencia, con criterios propios. Desde el punto de vista intelectual o mental, el individuo maduro es aquel que es capaz de juzgar con independencia y objetividad, con sentido crítico. Desde la vertiente afectiva, posee autocontrol de las emociones y es capaz de aceptar los fracasos sin grandes conmociones interiores. Desde el aspecto social, está dispuesto a colaborar en las tareas colectivas, es tolerante con los demás y es capaz de asumir su propia responsabilidad. Esta etapa de la vida de los seres humanos es importante ya que depende del desarrollo armónico de ésta, obliga al futuro adulto en su mundo globalizado lleno de exigencias y riesgos, que los profesionales de la salud reconsideren su actuar con estas personas, dado que hoy en día no hay especialistas o posgraduados que atiendan de manera específica a los adolescentes. En este sentido la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, a través del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médica adquiere la responsabilidad y el compromiso de motivar a padres, educadores, profesionales de la salud y a los mismos adolescentes para que se conviertan en promotores de la salud física y mental que bajo la misma meta en la escuela y el hogar promuevan una conducta saludable. Por lo que brindamos nuestro agradecimiento a los autores por su valiosa participación y confianza al dejar en nuestras manos su trabajo profesional, comprometido y entusiasta, con el propósito de aportar a la sociedad una perspectiva general sobre el adolescente y sus trastornos para ubicarnos después en un contexto de salud integral

Mobile Web Adoption in Top Ranked University Libraries: A Preliminary Study

This paper aims to study the level of adoption of mobile access to the academic libraries in the best universities in the world as well as the quality of services offered in order to ascertain if the quality of academic apps and mobile websites are at the level of the overall web impact of world-class universities. For the top 50 universities according to the Ranking Web of Universities (2014), we determined whether there is a mobile website or app for their libraries. Finally we evaluated the services offered against a list of 14 indicators. The results show that 88% of the libraries studied (44) offer mobile access via web or app, showing a high level of mobile adoption in elite universities. The form is clearly uneven: 80% (40) offers mobile web access while only 34% (17) has an app. As to the content, no library offered all 14 points evaluated, and the results are varied. Only 50% of apps meet at least half the indicators. In the case of mobile web this figure improves notably to 74.3%. We can note a high level of mobile web adoption in the world's best universities, although the quality does not reach their level of excellence. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Torres-Pérez, P.; Méndez-Rodríguez, E.; Orduña Malea, E. (2016). Mobile Web Adoption in Top Ranked University Libraries: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Academic Librarianship. 42(4):329-339. doi:10.1016/j.acalib.2016.05.011S32933942

Long-term follow-up of certolizumab pegol in uveitis due to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases : multicentre study of 80 patients

Objectives To evaluate effectiveness and safety of certolizumab pegol (CZP) in uveitis due to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Methods Multicentre study of CZP-treated patients with IMID uveitis refractory to conventional immunosuppressant. Effectiveness was assessed through the following ocular parameters: best-corrected visual acuity, anterior chamber cells, vitritis, macular thickness and retinal vasculitis. These variables were compared between the baseline, and first week, first, third, sixth months, first and second year. Results We studied 80 (33 men/47 women) patients (111 affected eyes) with a mean age of 41.6±11.7 years. The IMID included were: spondyloarthritis (n=43), Behçet's disease (n=10), psoriatic arthritis (n=8), Crohn's disease (n=4), sarcoidosis (n=2), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n=1), reactive arthritis (n=1), rheumatoid arthritis (n=1), relapsing polychondritis (n=1), Conclusions CZP seems to be effective and safe in uveitis related to different IMID, even in patients refractory to previous biological drugs

Anti-IL-6 Receptor Tocilizumab in Refractory Graves? Orbitopathy: National Multicenter Observational Study of 48 Patients

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD). Our aim was to assess the e cacy and safety of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in GO refractory to conventional therapy. This was an open-label multicenter study of glucocorticoid-resistant GO treated with TCZ. The main outcomes were the best-corrected visual acuity (BVCA), Clinical Activity Score (CAS) and intraocular pressure (IOP). These outcome variables were assessed at baseline, 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after TCZ therapy onset. The severity of GO was assessed according to the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO). We studied 48 (38 women and 10 men) patients (95 eyes); mean age standard deviation 51 11.8 years. Before TCZ and besides oral glucocorticoids, they had received IV methylprednisolone (n = 43), or selenium (n = 11). GO disease was moderate (n =29) or severe (n = 19) and dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) (n = 7). TCZ was used in monotherapy (n = 45) or combined (n = 3) at a dose of 8 mg/kg IV every four weeks (n = 43) or 162 mg/s.c. every week (n = 5). TCZ yielded a significant improvement in all of the main outcomes at the 1st month that was maintained at one year. Comparing the baseline with data at 1 year all of the variables improved; BCVA (0.78 0.25 vs. 0.9 0.16; p = 0.0001), CAS (4.64 1.5 vs. 1.05 1.27; p = 0.0001) and intraocular pressure (IOP) (19.05 4.1 vs. 16.73 3.4 mmHg; p = 0.007). After a mean follow-up of 16.1 2.1 months, low disease activity (CAS 3), was achieved in 88 eyes (92.6%) and TCZ was withdrawn in 29 cases due to low disease activity (n = 25) or ine cacy (n = 4). No serious adverse events were observed. In conclusion, TCZ is a useful and safe therapeutic option in refractory GO treatment.This work was also partially supported by RETICS Programs, RD08/0075 (RIER) and RD12/0009/0013 from “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (ISCIII) (Spain)