Cultural hegemony today. From cultural studies to critical pedagogy

The concept of cultural hegemony is much broader than that of ideology, because it refers to the construction process of the collective experience, of the modelling of meanings, from the development of values, the creation of world conceptions and of the moral, cultural and intellectual direction of society through education. In this paper, the evolution of this concept is analysed from its origins to its configuration as a method of study in Cultural Studies by Antonio Gramsci and later, to its articulation through a system of representations, a discourse framed by political forces via an entire system of thought in Critical Pedagogy. According to Lorenzo Milani, this ´Pedagogy against Empire´ searches for an approach to learning for social justice, emphasises the collective dimension of learning and action, and reflects the struggle for school and social reform. This education will combine instruction or a purely technical approach with a humanistic education, brooking no differentiation or social division between manual and intellectual work where the union between theory and action is perceived as key to understanding reality and, at the same time, to transform it.peer-reviewe

Thermodynamics of Small Magnetic Particles

In the present paper, we discuss the interpretation of some of the results of the thermodynamics in the case of very small systems. Most of the usual statistical physics is done for systems with a huge number of elements in what is called the thermodynamic limit, but not all of the approximations done for those conditions can be extended to all properties in the case of objects with less than a thousand elements. The starting point is the Ising model in two dimensions (2D) where an analytic solution exits, which allows validating the numerical techniques used in the present article. From there on, we introduce several variations bearing in mind the small systems such as the nanoscopic or even subnanoscopic particles, which are nowadays produced for several applications. Magnetization is the main property investigated aimed for two singular possible devices. The size of the systems (number of magnetic sites) is decreased so as to appreciate the departure from the results valid in the thermodynamic limit; periodic boundary conditions are eliminated to approach the reality of small particles; 1D, 2D and 3D systems are examined to appreciate the differences established by dimensionality is this small world; upon diluting the lattices, the effect of coordination number (bonding) is also explored; since the 2D Ising model is equivalent to the clock model with q=2 degrees of freedom, we combine previous results with the supplementary degrees of freedom coming from the variation of q up to q=20. Most of the previous results are numeric; however, for the case of a very small system, we obtain the exact partition function to compare with the conclusions coming from our numerical results. Conclusions can be summarized in the following way: the laws of thermodynamics remain the same, but the interpretation of the results, averages and numerical treatments need special care for systems with less than about a thousand constituents, and this might need to be adapted for different properties or devices.Fil: Vogel, Eugenio. Universidad de La Frontera; Chile. Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; ChileFil: Vargas, Patricio. Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; Chile. Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María; ChileFil: Saravia, Gonzalo. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Valdes, Julio. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Centres, Paulo Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

La intervención del notario en la Ley N° 30933 y los contratos de arrendamiento, Comas 2021

Esta investigación surgió a partir de las dificultades que viven muchos peruanos en el marco de un lamentable escenario en cuanto a la vivienda, teniendo como objetivo analizar de qué manera la intervención del Notario en la Ley N° 30933 influye en los contratos de arrendamiento, ya que esta norma originó con el objeto de brindar seguridad jurídica a las partes. Para lo antes expuesto, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, por lo que se recogió información a través de instrumentos de recolección de información como la guía de entrevista y la guía de análisis documental, además, se ha seguido altos estándares para la investigación establecidos por la Universidad César Vallejo. Finalmente, se concluyó que la intervención del Notario en la Ley N° 30933 influye en los contratos de arrendamiento, puesto que esta norma dispone requisitos en los contratos de arrendamiento que se deben cumplir para que finalmente se dé un desalojo sin mucha dilación y de esa manera se pueda restituir el bien al propietario, aunque en la práctica se han encontrado varias deficiencias

Obstrucción gástrica como manifestación de gastroenteritis eosinofílica

La gastroenteritis eosinofílica (EG) es una entidad poco frecuente. Presentamos un varón de 55 años sin antecedentes de atopía ni alergia, que presentó dolor abdominal y vómitos. La tomografía computarizada abdominal y la ecoendoscopia demostraron engrosamiento de la pared gástrica con engrosamiento de la pared del duodeno superior, sin masa definida ni colección de líquido. La endoscopia gastrointestinal confirmó engrosamiento de pliegues prepilóricos y duodeno superior con estenosis luminal. Se realizó gastrectomía parcial por ausencia de diagnóstico definitivo y sospecha de posible malignidad y diagnóstico de obstrucción de la salida gástrica. La histopatología fue compatible con EG, tratada con un tratamiento con corticoides de 8 semanas de duración, mostró mejoría clínica, aumento de peso y normalización del recuento de eosinófilos en sangre periférica.Q4Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare entity. We report a 55-year-old man had no previous atopy or allergic history, who presented abdominal pain and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopy ultrasonography demostrated gastric wall thickening with wall thickening of the superior duodenum, without defined mass or fluid collection. Gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed thickening of prepyloric folds and superior duodenum with luminal stenosis. Parcial gastrectomy was performed due to absence of definitive diagnosis and suspicion of possible malignancy and diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction. Histopathology was compatible with EG, treated with an 8-week long corticosteroid therapy, showed clinical improvement, weight gain and normalization of eosinophil count on peripheral blood.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-6229http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-6763http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0679-4502http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6627-0968http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1867-3583N/

Self-assembled monolayer formation of pentamers-like molecules onto FCC(111) surfaces: The case of curcuminoids onto Au(111) surface

The adsorption of rigid straight electrically polarized pentamers over a FCC(111) surface is studied. The model was inspired by the deposition of 2-thiophene molecules over the Au(111) surface, which was previously characterized by experimental techniques and simulated under the frame of the density functional theory. We now obtain and report the charge distribution of the molecule which allows to propose a deposition model followed by Monte Carlo simulations over an ad-hoc lattice gas model. We show that for a certain value of the chemical potential there exists anisotropic-nematic phase transition which can explain the formation of a self-assembled monolayer like the one observed in the transmission electron microscopy images. An order parameter is defined to characterize the transition which presents a step-like behavior at a critical chemical potential value. The possible nature of the nematic transition in conjunction with an ergodicity breakdown is discussed as future work by means of statistical physics techniques.Fil: Cisternas, Eduardo. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Dos Santos Mendez, Gonzalo Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina. Universidad de Mendoza. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Flores, Marcos. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Vogel, Eugenio Emilio. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

Irreversible multilayer adsorption of semirigid k -mers deposited on one-dimensional lattices

Irreversible multilayer adsorption of semirigid k -mers on one-dimensional lattices of size L is studied by numerical simulations complemented by exhaustive enumeration of configurations for small lattices. The deposition process is modeled by using a random sequential adsorption algorithm, generalized to the case of multilayer adsorption. The paper concentrates on measuring the jamming coverage for different values of k -mer size and number of layers n . The bilayer problem ( n ≤ 2 ) is exhaustively analyzed, and the resulting tendencies are validated by the exact enumeration techniques. Then, the study is extended to an increasing number of layers, which is one of the noteworthy parts of this work. The obtained results allow the following: (i) to characterize the structure of the adsorbed phase for the multilayer problem. As n increases, the ( 1 + 1 ) -dimensional adsorbed phase tends to be a “partial wall” consisting of “towers” (or columns) of width k , separated by valleys of empty sites. The length of these valleys diminishes with increasing k ; (ii) to establish that this is an in-registry adsorption process, where each incoming k -mer is likely to be adsorbed exactly onto an already adsorbed one. With respect to percolation, our calculations show that the percolation probability vanishes as L increases, being zero in the limit L → ∞ . Finally, the value of the jamming critical exponent ν j is reported here for multilayer adsorption: ν j remains close to 2 regardless of the considered values of k and n . This finding is discussed in terms of the lattice dimensionality.Fil: De La Cruz Félix, Nelphy. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo.; República DominicanaFil: Centres, Paulo Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Vogel, Eugenio Emilio. Universidad de La Frontera; Chile. Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; ChileFil: Valdés, Julio Félix. Universidad de La Frontera; Chil

Theoretical and experimental characterization of emission and transmission spectra of Cerenkov radiation generated by 177Lu in tissue

Cerenkov radiation (CR) is the emission of UV-vis light generated by the de-excitation of the molecules in the medium, after being polarized by an excited particle traveling faster than the speed of light. When β particles travel through tissue with energies greater than 219 keV, CR occurs. Tissues possess a spectral optical window of 600 to 1100 nm. The CR within this range can be useful for quantitative preclinical studies using optical imaging and for the in-vivo evaluation of 177Lu-radiopharmaceuticals (β-particle emitters). The objective of our research was to determine the experimental emission light spectrum of 177Lu-CR and evaluate its transmission properties in tissue as well as the feasibility to applying CR imaging in the preclinical studies of 177Lu-radiopharmaceuticals. The theoretical and experimental characterizations of the emission and transmission spectra of 177Lu-CR in tissue, in the vis-NIR region (350 to 900 nm), were performed using Monte Carlo simulation and UV-vis spectroscopy. Mice 177Lu-CR images were acquired using a charge-coupled detector camera and were quantitatively analyzed. The results demonstrated good agreement between the theoretical and the experimental 177Lu-CR emission spectra. Preclinical CR imaging demonstrated that the biokinetics of 177Lu-radiopharmaceuticals in the main organs of mice can be acquiredThis study was supported by the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) through the CATEDRAS-CONACYT-ININ-337 and CONACYT-SEP-CB- 2016-286753 projects. It was carried out as part of the activities of the “Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo de Radiofármacos, CONACyT (LANIDER-CONACYT)” and the Red-Biofotónica, CONACYT. The financial support of the SIEA-UAEMex through the Grant No 4348/2017/CI is also acknowledged

Influence of Proton Conducting Cations on the Structure and Properties of 2D Anilate-Based Magnets

The syntheses, structures, magnetic, and proton conductivity properties of a family of bimetallic anilate-based compounds with inserted alkylammonium cations are presented. The structures of (Me2NH2)[MnIICrIII(Br2An)3]·2H2O (1), (Et2NH2)[MnIICrIII(Br2An)3] (2), (Et3NH)[MnIICrIII(Cl2An)3] (3), and [(Et)(i-Pr)2NH]-[MnIICrIII(Br2An)3]·(CHCl3)0.5·(H2O) (4) contain a 2D anionic network formed by Mn(II) and Cr(III) ions linked through anilate ligands. In 1, 2, and 3, the hexagonal holes of this network are occupied by Me2NH2+, Et2NH2+, or Et3NH+ cations. Interestingly, the small increase of size of the templating cation in 4 ([(Et)(i-Pr)2NH]+ in the place of Me2NH2+, Et2NH2+ or Et3NH+), gives rise to a different structure with half of the cations placed within the layers and the other one in the space between the layers. This leads to bilayers with an interlayer separation similar to those of 1, 2, and 3 separated by larger interbilayer distances. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 show a ferrimagnetic ordering with a Tc of 8.0 K (1), 8.9 K (2), and 8.0 K (3). In 4, the presence of different interlayer distances leads to a metamagnetic behavior when the sample is measured in contact with the mother liquor. The behavior changes in the dry sample, which shows a ferrimagnetic ordering as that of 1, 2, and 3 due to collapse of the structure as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. Interestingly, the metamagnetic behavior is recovered after reimmersing the crystals in the mother liquor proving the reversibility of the process. All solids are Grotthuss-type proton conductors with conductivity values ranging between 2.3 × 10−6 S·cm−1 for 3 and 2.4 × 10−5 S·cm−1 for 1 measured at 70 °C and 95% relative humidity and activation energies of ∼0.2 eV.EU (ERC Advanced Grant SPINMOL) CTQ2014-52758-P, MAT-2014-56143-R y MAT2016-77648-R del MINECO Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu MDM-2015-0538 de la Generalitat Valenciana P12-FQM-1656 de la Junta de Andalucí

Beneficios de las Fuerzas Armadas en el sistema previsional y de salud chileno, paralelamente al Sistema Previsional y de Salud del sector civil

96 p.En este trabajo de investigación, el objetivo primordial es intentar comprobar si existe o no algún grado de desigualdad que podría ocurrir en el otorgamiento de ciertos beneficios, ya sean estos, de tipos previsionales, o relativo a prestaciones médicas, o en cuanto a otros tipos de prestaciones, tales como, beneficios pecuniarios. Disparidad que ocurriría entre el sector civil regulado principalmente por el Decreto Ley Nº 3.500 de 1980 relativo a pensiones y un conjunto de de leyes en salud, versus el sector de las Fuerzas Armadas y de Orden regidos principalmente por sus leyes de tipo Orgánica Constitucional. Materia muy importante a nivel nacional, ya que esta siendo objeto de diversos estudios, especialmente legislativos, para su pronta modificación, cuestión que también se abordara en este trabajo en su oportunidad

Akt phosphorylation of HCV NS5B regulates polymerase activity and HCV infection

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded RNA virus of positive polarity [ssRNA(+)] that replicates its genome through the activity of one of its proteins, called NS5B. This viral protein is responsible for copying the positive-polarity RNA genome into a negative-polarity RNA strand, which will be the template for new positive-polarity RNA genomes. The NS5B protein is phosphorylated by cellular kinases, including Akt. In this work, we have identified several amino acids of NS5B that are phosphorylated by Akt, with positions S27, T53, T267, and S282 giving the most robust results. Site-directed mutagenesis of these residues to mimic (Glu mutants) or prevent (Ala mutants) their phosphorylation resulted in a reduced NS5B in vitro RNA polymerase activity, except for the T267E mutant, the only non-conserved position of all those that are phosphorylated. In addition, in vitro transcribed RNAs derived from HCV complete infectious clones carrying mutations T53E/A and S282E/A were transfected in Huh-7.5 permissive cells, and supernatant viral titers were measured at 6 and 15 days post-transfection. No virus was rescued from the mutants except for T53A at 15 days post-transfection whose viral titer was statistically lower as compared to the wild type. Therefore, phosphorylation of NS5B by cellular kinases is a mechanism of viral polymerase inactivation. Whether this inactivation is a consequence of interaction with cellular kinases or a way to generate inactive NS5B that may have other functions are questions that need further experimental workMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), PI18/00210 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and S2018/BAA-4370 (PLATESA2 from Comunidad de Madrid/FEDER). CP was supported by the Miguel Servet program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CPII19/00001), cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). CG-C was supported by the predoctoral contract PRE2018-083422 from MCIU. CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas) was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco Santander to the CBMS