683 research outputs found
Mass Transfer in Extractive Distillation when Using Ionic Liquids as Solvents
Mass transfer efficiency study in extractive distillation with ionic liquids for the mixtures water-ethanol and toluene-methylcyclohexane has been carried out in this work. Ionic liquids for the separation of these mixtures overcome the performance of the common volatile organic solvents. However, these also showed higher viscosities. A rated-based analysis was performed in order to quantify the effect of the solvent viscosity and relative volatility on mass transfer efficiency. In addition to this, an experimental analysis of the mass transfer efficiency was carried out experimentally in an extractive distillation pilot plant. The results indicated that, high liquid viscosities of ionic liquids should not affect the mass transfer efficiency negatively if the produced relative volatilities are sufficiently higher than those produced by organic solvents. However, when the ionic liquid showed very high viscosities or this solvent was present in large concentrations inside the column, the mass transfer efficiency decreases no matter how high the relative volatility is
Joachim Murat : proclama de Rimini, 1815
Crida a l'aixecament dels italians per a formar una Ità lia unida i regida pels principis constitucionals, formulada per Murat, rei de Nà pol
The neglect of equity and inclusion in open science policies of Europe and the Americas
National, international, and organizational Open Science (OS) policies are being formulated to improve and accelerate research through increased transparency, collaboration, and better access to scientific knowledge. Yet, there is mounting concern that OS policies—which are predicated on narrow understandings of openness, accessibility, and objectivity—do not effectively capture the ethos of OS and particularly its goal of making science more collaborative, inclusive, and socially engaged. This study explores how OS is conceptualized in emerging OS policies and to what extent notions of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) and public participation are reflected in policy guidelines and recommendations. We use a qualitative document research approach to critically analyze 52 OS policy documents published between January 2020 and December 2022 in Europe and the Americas. Our results show that OS policies overwhelmingly focus on making research outputs publicly accessible, neglecting to advance the two aspects of OS that hold the key to achieving an inclusive and inclusive scientific culture—namely, EDI and public participation. While these concepts are often mentioned and even embraced in OS policy documents, concrete guidance on how they can be promoted in practice is overwhelmingly lacking. Rather than advancing the openness of scientific findings first and promoting EDI and public participation efforts second, we argue that incentives and guidelines must be provided and implemented concurrently to advance the OS movement's stated goal of making science open to all
Factores asociados al conocimiento y medidas preventivas de mordedura de araña casera. ENAPRES 2017-2019
Introducción: Las enfermedades metaxénicas y zoonóticas, son consideradas
prioridades nacionales de investigación en salud en Perú 2019-2023. De éstas,
los casos reportados por loxoscelismo han ido aumentando progresivamente.
Objetivos: Determinar los factores asociados al conocimiento y medidas
preventivas de mordedura de araña casera. ENAPRES 2017-2019. Métodos:
Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, observacional, retrospectivo, transversal y analÃtico,
basada en la información de la ENAPRES. Resultados: Se analizó una muestra
total de 285 354 personas. De éstas, aquellos con 60 a más años (RPa=1,48; IC
95%: 1,45-1,51), los costeños (RPa=1,37; IC 95%: 1,33-1,40), las mujeres
(RPa=1,12; IC 95%: 1,11-1,13), con primaria o secundaria (RPa=1,12; IC 95%:
1,09-1,15), con viviendas inadecuadas [techo (RPa=1,07; IC 95%: 1,05-1,10),
piso (RPa=1,02; IC 95%: 1,00-1,04)] se asociaron con mayor posibilidad de tener
más conocimiento sobre mordedura de araña casera. En cambio, los de 60 a
más años (RPa=1,49; IC 95%: 1,46-1,52), los costeños (RPa=1,39; IC 95%: 1,35-
1,43), con estudios superiores no universitarios (RPa=1,19; IC 95%: 1,15-1,22),
las mujeres (RPa=1,13; IC 95%: 1,12-1,14) y con viviendas con techos
inadecuados (RPa=1,07; IC 95%: 1,05-1,10) se asociaron con mayor posibilidad
de realizar adecuadas medidas preventivas. Conclusiones: Se encontró
factores asociados a conocimientos y a las medidas preventivas de mordedura
de araña casera
Estudio comparado de las empresas industriales francesas y españolas (1991-1999)
Estudio conjunto Banco de España / Banco de Francia, coordinado por Annie Sauvé y Manuel Ortega.Con las contribuciones de Concepción Artola, Ana Esteban, Ignacio Hernando, Manuel Ortega, Annie Sauvé, Teresa Sastre, André Tiomo y Alain Tournier.Esta publicación recoge el trabajo de análisis llevado a cabo por las centrales de balances del Banco de Francia y del Banco de España de las empresas industriales de ambos paÃses en el perÃodo de 1991 a 1999.El estudio recoge, entre otros, un análisis de la estructura financiera y del contenido de la cuenta de resultados y las ratios derivadas e información sobre el empleo, relacionándolo con las variables contables significativas
Smoke-Free Adolescents: Effectiveness of an educational intervention. Controlled, before and after study
El tabaquismo es considerado la principal causa de muerte prevenible en el mundo. La mayorÃa de los fumadores inician esta adicción durante edades tempranas, especialmente, durante la adolescencia. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los determinantes de consumo adolescente y evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa en la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Métodos. Estudio antes-después controlado, realizado durante los años 2010-2012 en dos colegios secundarios de la ciudad de La Plata. En ambos, se realizó una encuesta basal seguida de dos mediciones posteriores; en uno de ellos, se implementó una intervención educativa dirigida a jóvenes de 12 y 13 años. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión múltiple para identificar las variables asociadas al tabaquismo y evaluar el impacto de la intervención. Resultados. Se incluyeron 1911 encuestas (Colegio A: 617; Colegio B: 1294). Las variables asociadas al tabaquismo adolescente fueron la tenencia de un hermano fumador (odds ratio –OR– 2,55), madre fumadora (OR 2,32), años de edad (OR 1,92) y el sexo femenino (OR 1,75). El OR ajustado por dichos determinantes para ser fumador actual en el colegio intervención versus el control fue 0,54 (intervalo de confianza –IC– del 95%: 0,35-0,83) en el primer año de seguimiento y 0,98 (IC 95%: 0,60-1,61) en el segundo año. Conclusiones. La tenencia de una madre o un hermano fumador, la edad y el sexo femenino se correlacionaron fuertemente con el consumo de cigarrillos. La intervención educativa tuvo un efecto positivo en el primer año de seguimiento, pero luego no se mantuvoFil: Gulayin, Pablo ElÃas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Salud Pública; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad ClÃnica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Irazola, Vilma. Instituto de Efectividad ClÃnica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rubinstein, Adolfo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Bruno, Rodrigo. Sanatorio Belgrano de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rossi DÃaz, André. Hospital Rodolfo Rossi de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gulayin, Miguel Alejandro. Hospital Rodolfo Rossi de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Urrutia, MarÃa Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro Superior para el Procesamiento de la Información; ArgentinaFil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad ClÃnica y Sanitaria; Argentin
Wild dogs at stake: deforestation threatens the only Amazon endemic canid, the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis)
The persistent high deforestation rate and fragmentation of the Amazon forests are the main threats to their biodiversity. To anticipate and mitigate these threats, it is important to understand and predict how species respond to the rapidly changing landscape. The short-eared dog Atelocynus microtis is the only Amazon-endemic canid and one of the most understudied wild dogs worldwide. We investigated short-eared dog habitat associations on two spatial scales. First, we used the largest record database ever compiled for short-eared dogs in combination with species distribution models to map species habitat suitability, estimate its distribution range and predict shifts in species distribution in response to predicted deforestation across the entire Amazon (regional scale). Second, we used systematic camera trap surveys and occupancy models to investigate how forest cover and forest fragmentation affect the space use of this species in the Southern Brazilian Amazon (local scale). Species distribution models suggested that the short-eared dog potentially occurs over an extensive and continuous area, through most of the Amazon region south of the Amazon River. However, approximately 30% of the short-eared dog's current distribution is expected to be lost or suffer sharp declines in habitat suitability by 2027 (within three generations) due to forest loss. This proportion might reach 40% of the species distribution in unprotected areas and exceed 60% in some interfluves (i.e. portions of land separated by large rivers) of the Amazon basin. Our local-scale analysis indicated that the presence of forest positively affected short-eared dog space use, while the density of forest edges had a negative effect. Beyond shedding light on the ecology of the short-eared dog and refining its distribution range, our results stress that forest loss poses a serious threat to the conservation of the species in a short time frame. Hence, we propose a re-assessment of the short-eared dog's current IUCN Red List status (Near Threatened) based on findings presented here. Our study exemplifies how data can be integrated across sources and modelling procedures to improve our knowledge of relatively understudied species
- …