The Economic Loss Rule: Is a Building a “Product?” — Another View

This Article addresses how the Florida Supreme Court in Tiara Condominium Association v. Marsh & McLennan Cos. receded from its definition of “other property” in Casa Clara Condominium Association, Inc. v. Charley Toppino & Sons, Inc. In Casa Clara the Florida Supreme Court held that a building is to be treated as a “product” for purposes of applying the Economic Loss Rule’s bar to tort claims for defective building materials incorporated into the building. Although Casa Clara adopted the economic loss rule established by Seely v. White Motor Co. and East River Steamship Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, Inc., it departed from those seminal cases by adopting the “object of the bargain” rationale and, in doing so, determining that real property is the “product itself.” In addition, Casa Clara departed from prior Florida precedent which held that real property is not a product in the context of products liability actions. Moreover, in Saratoga Fishing Co. v. J.M. Martinac & Co. the United States Supreme Court rejected the “object of the bargain” analysis that served as the sole basis for the Florida Supreme Court’s characterization of real property as the “the product itself.” The Saratoga Court recognized that the focus should be on the product that was “placed in the stream of commerce” instead. Thus, when the Florida Supreme Court returned the economic loss rule to its original interpretation under Seely and East River in Tiara, it receded from Casa Clara’s holding that a building must be treated as a “product” for the purposes of applying the economic loss rule

Peanut-shaped metallicity distributions in bulges of edge-on galaxies: the case of NGC 4710

Bulges of edge-on galaxies are often boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS), and unsharp masks reveal the presence of an X shape. Simulations show that these shapes can be produced by dynamical processes driven by a bar which vertically thickens the centre. In the Milky Way, which contains such a B/PS bulge, the X-shaped structure is traced by the metal-rich stars but not by the metal-poor ones. Recently, Debattista et al. interpreted this property as a result of the varying effect of the bar on stellar populations with different starting kinematics. This kinematic fractionation model predicts that cooler populations at the time of bar formation go on to trace the X shape, whereas hotter populations are more uniformly distributed. As this prediction is not specific to the Milky Way, we test it with Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of the B/PS bulge in the nearby galaxy NGC 4710. We show that the metallicity map is more peanut-shaped than the density distribution itself, in good agreement with the prediction. This result indicates that the X-shaped structure in B/PS bulges is formed of relatively metal-rich stars that have been vertically redistributed by the bar, whereas the metal-poor stars have more uniform, box-shaped distribution

Peanut-shaped metallicity distributions in bulges of edge-on galaxies: the case of NGC 4710

Bulges of edge-on galaxies are often boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS), and unsharp masks reveal the presence of an X shape. Simulations show that these shapes can be produced by dynamical processes driven by a bar which vertically thickens the centre. In the Milky Way, which contains such a B/PS bulge, the X-shaped structure is traced by the metal-rich stars but not by the metal-poor ones. Recently, Debattista et al. interpreted this property as a result of the varying effect of the bar on stellar populations with different starting kinematics. This kinematic fractionation model predicts that cooler populations at the time of bar formation go on to trace the X shape, whereas hotter populations are more uniformly distributed. As this prediction is not specific to the Milky Way, we test it with Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of the B/PS bulge in the nearby galaxy NGC 4710. We show that the metallicity map is more peanut-shaped than the density distribution itself, in good agreement with the prediction. This result indicates that the X-shaped structure in B/PS bulges is formed of relatively metal-rich stars that have been vertically redistributed by the bar, whereas the metal-poor stars have more uniform, box-shaped distribution

Valoración Ambiental Programa de Gestión Ambiental del Banco de Material “WAPI” Proyecto“Mejoramiento o del Camino La Esperanza-WAPÍ TRAMO I: EST. 0+000 – EST. 15+200 TRAMO II: EST. 15+200 – EST. 32+000

El presente trabajo se registra dentro de la línea de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Departamento de Economía Agrícola, y en el cual se abordan las directrices que inciden para realizar una evaluación ambiental. El proyecto en estudio es la Valoración Ambiental para la explotación de un banco de materiales, localizado en las afueras del poblado de Wapí del Municipio del Rama de la Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur, del Proyecto Mejoramiento del Camino La Esperanza – Wapí 32 Km, el cual es de categoría III por ser un proyecto que presenta impactos moderados al medio ambiente. El documento contiene las características generales del proyecto, el marco legal, la identificación de los factores y evaluación de los mismos en cuanto al nivel de impacto que estos causan sobre el medio ambiente durante las diferentes actividades en la fase de construcción, operación y cierre. Así mismo se propone el Programa de Gestión Ambiental (PGA) siguiendo todos los requerimientos y requisitos del Decreto No. 20-2017, que se denomina Sistema de Evaluación Ambiental de Permisos y Autorizaciones para el Uso Sostenible de los Recursos Naturales

Complete Coding Sequences of Five Dengue Virus Type 2 Clinical Isolates from Venezuela Obtained through Shotgun Metagenomics

Dengue is a disease endemic in Latin American countries, like Venezuela, and has become one of the most important public health problems. We report five complete coding sequences of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) isolated from DENV-infected patients in Venezuela. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolates within the American/Asian genotype

Abitare: Una innovación en bienestar emocional que transforma

204 páginasThe present document compiles the research report carried out within the framework of the master’s degree called Educational Innovation Mediated by ICT. The methodology used is Design-Based Research (DBR), which serves as a guide throughout this journey. The report is structured into the four phases of DBR: definition, design, implementation, and evaluation. The following research question is posed, from which various necessary actions are developed to address it: How can “Abitare,” an educational strategy mediated by ICT, favor the management of emotions and feelings of parents, mothers, and/or family caregivers in the educational context of Jardin Niños para la Paz during the 2022-2023 period? Through the analysis of theoretical questionnaires and case studies, substantial differences were observed in participants’ responses before and after interacting with the prototype, indicating an improvement in the understanding and management of emotions and feelings. The chatbot stood out as an integral tool for conveying the educational strategy, offering a range of learning resources, and its intuitive design facilitated participation and autonomous learning.El presente documento compila el informe de investigación adelantado en el marco de la maestría denominada innovación educativa mediada por TIC, en la cual se utiliza como metodología la Investigación Basada en Diseño (IBD) que sirve de guía para recorrer este camino; en este sentido, el informe se estructura en las cuatro fases de la IBD: definición, diseño, implementación y evaluación. Se plantea la siguiente pregunta de investigación, a partir de la cual se desarrollan las diversas acciones necesarias para dar respuesta a este interrogante: ¿Cómo Abitare, una estrategia educativa mediada por TIC puede favorecer la gestión de emociones y sentimientos de padres, madres y/o cuidadores de familia en el contexto educativo del Jardín Niños para la Paz durante el período 2022-2023? A través del análisis de cuestionarios teóricos y estudios de caso, se observaron diferencias sustanciales en las respuestas de los participantes antes y después de interactuar con el prototipo, indicando una mejora en la comprensión y gestión de emociones y sentimientos. El chatbot se destacó como una herramienta integral para transmitir la estrategia educativa, ofreciendo una gama de recursos de aprendizaje y su diseño intuitivo facilitó la participación y el aprendizaje autónomo.Maestría en Innovación Educativa mediada por TICMagíster en Innovación Educativa mediada por TI

Dosimetry of a Novel 111Indium-Labeled Anti-P-Cadherin Monoclonal Antibody (FF-21101) in Non-Human Primates

P-cadherin is associated with a wide range of tumor types, making it an attractive therapeutic target. FF-21101 is a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against human P-cadherin, which has been radioconjugated with indium-111 (111In) utilizing a DOTA chelator. We investigated the biodistribution of FF-21101(111In) in cynomolgus macaques and extrapolated the results to estimate internal radiation doses of 111In- and yttrium-90 (90Y)-FF-21101 for targeted radioimmunotherapy in humans. Whole-body planar and SPECT imaging were performed at 0, 2, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h post-injection, using a dual-head gamma camera. Volumes of interest of identifiable source organs of radioactivity were defined on aligned reference CT and serial SPECT images. Organs with the highest estimated dose values (mSv/MBq) for FF-21101(111In) were the lungs (0.840), spleen (0.816), liver (0.751), kidneys (0.629), and heart wall (0.451); and for FF-21101(90Y) dose values were: lungs (10.49), spleen (8.21), kidneys (5.92), liver (5.46), and heart wall (2.61). FF-21101(111In) exhibits favorable biodistribution in cynomolgus macaques and estimated human dosimetric characteristics. Data obtained in this study were used to support the filing of an investigational new drug application with the FDA for a Phase I clinical trial

Impact of Cluster Physics on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Power Spectrum

We use an analytic model to investigate the theoretical uncertainty on the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) power spectrum due to astrophysical uncertainties in the thermal structure of the intracluster medium. Our model accounts for star formation and energy feedback (from supernovae and active galactic nuclei) as well as radially dependent non-thermal pressure support due to random gas motions, the latter calibrated by recent hydrodynamical simulations. We compare the model against X-ray observations of low redshift clusters, finding excellent agreement with observed pressure profiles. Varying the levels of feedback and non-thermal pressure support can significantly change both the amplitude and shape of the thermal SZ power spectrum. Increasing the feedback suppresses power at small angular scales, shifting the peak of the power spectrum to lower ell. On the other hand, increasing the non-thermal pressure support has the opposite effect, significantly reducing power at large angular scales. In general, including non-thermal pressure at the level measured in simulations has a large effect on the power spectrum, reducing the amplitude by 50% at angular scales of a few arcminutes compared to a model without a non-thermal component. Our results demonstrate that measurements of the shape of the power spectrum can reveal useful information on important physical processes in groups and clusters, especially at high-redshift where there exists little observational data. Comparing with the recent South Pole Telescope measurements of the small-scale cosmic microwave background power spectrum, we find our model reduces the tension between the values of sigma_8 measured from the SZ power spectrum and from cluster abundances.Comment: 15 Pages, 9 Figures, updated to match version accepted by Ap

3D spectroscopy of merger Seyfert galaxy Mrk 334: nuclear starburst, superwind and the circumnuclear cavern

We are presenting new results on kinematics and structure of the Mrk 334 Seyfert galaxy. Panoramic (3D) spectroscopy is performed at the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences using the MPFS integral-field spectrograph and scanning Fabry--Perot interferometer. The deep images have revealed that Mrk 334 is observed during the final stage of its merging with a massive companion. A possible mass ratio ranges from 1/5 to 1/3. The merger has triggered mass redistribution in the disk resulting in an intensification of nuclear activity and in a burst of star formation in the inner region of the galaxy. The circumnuclear starburst is so intense that its contribution to the gas ionization exceeds that contribution of the AGN. We interpret the nuclear gas outflow with velocities of ~200 km/s as a galactic superwind that accompanies the violent star formation. This suggestion is consistent with the asymmetric X-ray brightness distribution in Mrk 334. The trajectory of the fragments of the disrupted satellite in the vicinity of the main galaxy nucleus can be traced. In the galaxy disk a cavern is found that is filled with a low-density ionized gas. We consider this region to be the place where the remnants of the companion have recently penetrated through the gaseous disk of the main galaxy.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, 2 table; accepted for publication by MNRA