Escuela de música Cadenza – renovación urbana

Artículo de investigaciónEste documento pone en materia la Renovación Urbana como táctica para la revitalización de una zona del centro de Bogotá (Colombia), específicamente en una de las secciones de la calle del Bronx, Ubicado entre las calles 9 y 10 y las carreras 15 y 15ª en el sector de los Mártires y proporciona una idea de cómo abordar un problema de desarticulación en un lugar degradado por sus condiciones.1. RESUMEN 2. INTRODUCCION 3. METODOLOGIA 4. RESULTADOS 5. DISCUSIÓN 6. CONCLUCIONES 7. REFERENCIAS 8. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 9. TABLA DE FIGURAS 10. ANEXOSPregradoArquitect

Model-based run-to-run optimization for process development

Research and development of new processes is a fundamental part of any innovative industry. For process engineers, finding optimal operating conditions for new processes from the early stages is a main issue, since it improves economic viability, helps others areas of R&D by avoiding product bottlenecks and shortens the time-to-market period. Model-based optimization strategies are helpful in doing so, but imperfect models with parametric or structural errors can lead to suboptimal operating conditions. In this work, a methodology that uses probabilistic tendency models that are constantly updated through experimental feedback is proposed in order to rapidly and efficiently find improved operating conditions. Characterization of the uncertainty is used to make safe predictions even with scarce data, which is typical in this early stage of process development. The methodology is tested with an example from the traditional innovative pharmaceutical industry.Fil: Luna, Martín Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Ernesto Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; Argentin

Optimal experimental design for process optimization with stochastic binary outcomes

Effective control of the end-use properties in order to guarantee product quality is of paramount importance. This is especially valuable for products such as medicament, polymers and nanomaterials. There are plenty of innovative processes whose principles of operation are unknown and for which is not possible to develop reliable models due to time and cost. Despite this, it is important to know the optimum operating zone where the process should work to ensure that the end product meets the required properties. To address this issue, a run-to-run optimization approach is proposed to find the reduced region of operation which guarantees obtaining end-use properties with high probability when a first-principles model for the batch process is not available a priori. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology to find optimal policies for runs involving stochastic binary outcomes, the well-known example of the emulsion polymerization of styrene has been addressed. Results obtained demonstrated that the proposed method is a powerful tool for optimal design of experiments aiming to guarantee end-use product properties.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Optimal experimental design for process optimization with stochastic binary outcomes

Effective control of the end-use properties in order to guarantee product quality is of paramount importance. This is especially valuable for products such as medicament, polymers and nanomaterials. There are plenty of innovative processes whose principles of operation are unknown and for which is not possible to develop reliable models due to time and cost. Despite this, it is important to know the optimum operating zone where the process should work to ensure that the end product meets the required properties. To address this issue, a run-to-run optimization approach is proposed to find the reduced region of operation which guarantees obtaining end-use properties with high probability when a first-principles model for the batch process is not available a priori. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology to find optimal policies for runs involving stochastic binary outcomes, the well-known example of the emulsion polymerization of styrene has been addressed. Results obtained demonstrated that the proposed method is a powerful tool for optimal design of experiments aiming to guarantee end-use product properties.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Model-based run-to-run optimization under uncertainty of biodiesel production

A significant source of uncertainty in biodiesel production is the variability of feed composition since the percentage and type of triglycerides varies considerably across different raw materials. Also, due to the complexity of both transesterification and saponification kinetics, first-principles models of biodiesel production typically have built-in errors (structural and parametric uncertainty) which give rise to the need for obtaining relevant data through experimental design in modeling for optimization. A run-to-run optimization strategy which integrates tendency models with Bayesian active learning is proposed. Parameter distributions in a probabilistic model of process performance are re-estimated using data from experiments designed for maximizing information and performance. Results obtained highlight that Bayesian optimal design of experiments using a probabilistic tendency model is effective in achieving the maximum ester content and yield in biodiesel production even though significant uncertainty in feed composition and modeling errors are present.Fil: Luna, Martín Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Reg.santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Ernesto Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; Argentin

Bayesian optimization of crystallization processes to guarantee end-use product properties

For pharmaceutical solid products, the issue of reproducibly obtaining their desired end-use properties depending on crystal size and form is the main problem to be addressed and solved in process development. Lacking a reliable first-principles model of a crystallization process, a Bayesian optimization algorithm is proposed. On this basis, a short sequence of experimental runs for pinpointing operating conditions that maximize the probability of successfully complying with end-use product properties is defined. Bayesian optimization can take advantage of the full information provided by the sequence of experiments made using a probabilistic model of the probability of success based on a one-class classification method. The proposed algorithm's performance is tested in silico using the crystallization and formulation of an API product where success is about fulfilling a dissolution profile as required by the FDA. Results obtained demonstrate that the sequence of generated experiments allows pinpointing operating conditions for reproducible quality.Fil: Luna, Martín Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Ernesto Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo y Diseño; Argentin

Uma contribuição ao estudo de VTCDs aplicado a equipamentos eletronicos alimentados por conversor CA-CC

Orientador: Sigmar Maurer DeckmannDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: Este trabalho visa contribuir para os estudos de Variações de Tensão de Curta Duração (VTCDs) buscando relacionar tais distúrbios com o real impacto que causam em uma importante família de cargas, são os equipamentos eletrônicos alimentados por conversores CA-CC. Esta correlação entre causa e efeito ainda é um dos pontos menos estudados no âmbito da Qualidade da Energia Elétrica (QEE). Considerando o cenário nacional e internacional, inicialmente serão apresentadas as principais normas aplicáveis às VTCDs, caracterização de eventos e verificação de impacto sobre as cargas procurando sempre fazer uma análise crítica, mostrar suas convergências, particularidades e deficiências. O estudo sobre a família de cargas escolhida terá como objetivo verificar os parâmetros mais relevantes frente às VTCDs, desenvolver técnicas para extração desse parâmetros, que possam ser utilizadas pelos fabricantes dos equipamentos, pelas concessionárias de energia elétrica e pelos consumidores finais desses equipamentos. Finalmente, será apresentada uma metodologia para avaliação de impacto de VTCDs, baseado no comportamento das cargas estudadas, podendo ser aplicada a um equipamento isolado, como também a um processo industrial mais complexoAbstract: This dissertation presents a contribution to the study of voltage sags and swells and their real impact on an important group of loads constituted by electronic equipment supplied by AC-DC converters. The establishment of a relationship between cause and effect has still not being focused in the study of voltage sags and swells. Initially, this work presents a critical analysis of the main International and Brazilian standards about characterization and impact estimation of voltage sags and swells, demonstrating the convergence, singularity and deficiency of each one. Then, the study of the proposed load group aims to find and demonstrate the most important parameters related to voltage sags and swells, and to describe some techniques to obtain these parameters, which could be used by electronic manufacturers, utilities and equipment users. Finally, a special methodology is proposed to evaluate the impact of voltage sags and swells, which is based on based on the behavior of the loads under consideration. The proposed methodology can be applied on single electronic equipment or also on a general system, such as industrial plantsMestradoMestre em Engenharia Elétric

Conservación de la naturaleza: crítica a la estrategia contemporánea para la conservación de las especies

La conservación de la naturaleza es un tema de interés actual; sin embargo, este planteamiento tiene diversos significados en el mundo contemporáneo, tanto en su sentido filosófico como científico. No obstante esta diversidad de visiones, la propuesta conservacionista que hace la Unión Mundial para la Naturaleza (IUCN) resulta la de mayor aceptación e influencia. Dentro de este planteamiento, ocupa una posición central la conservación de especies, tanto animales como vegetales; y de manera especial, la conservación biológica de especies. En esta tesis se analiza el pensamiento contemporáneo sobre la conservación de la naturaleza, aplicando un enfoque basado en la historia y la sociología de las comunidades científicas desde una perspectiva kuhniana. La elección de la perspectiva kuhniana permite revisar críticamente la estrategia contemporánea para la conservación de la naturaleza y, con ello, poder determinar nuevos problemas para la investigación en biología de la conservación y para la formulación de un nuevo paradigma conservacionista. Además, posibilita situarse en una posición crítica sobre la historiografía de las ideas científicas, particularmente, para cuestionar la idea de naturaleza como una construcción histórico-social. En este sentido, se indaga el interior de una comunidad expertos, a la que pertenece el autor de la tesis, que se ha integrado con el propósito de asegurar la conservación de las especies, en este caso particular, de primates. De este modo se plantean problemas desde la perspectiva de la sociología de la ciencia. De ahí que, más allá de los méritos de esta reflexión histórica y filosófica, el resultado de este ejercicio es un conjunto de preguntas, que desafían el paradigma contemporáneo de la conservación de la naturaleza. ¿Ha cumplido su promesa el paradigma conservacionista de la IUCN? ¿Se ha logrado detener o revertir la extinción masiva de especies? ¿Ha sido suspendida la transformación de los paisajes naturales del mundo? ¿Hemos creado las condiciones para el desarrollo sostenible en las regiones de mayor riqueza biótica y, al mismo tiempo, de pobreza humana? ¿Deberemos mantener esta visión paradigmática para la conservación de la naturaleza

Growing Specialty Coffee: Economic security and environmental sustainability in global coffee systems

The Gund Institute has partnered with the Agroecology & Livelihoods Collaborative to create a more sustainable and just global coffee sector. Gund Fellows used this research brief to leverage our networks and engage NGOs such as The Specialty Coffee Association, funders, and companies in early discussions about how to address systemic inequity across the coffee value chain