Demo Abstract: EmuLink - Heterogeneous Sensor Network Simulation in Cooja

WISENET (NES)Promo

Accessibility of promoter DNA is not the primary determinant of chromatin-mediated gene regulation

DNA accessibility is thought to be of major importance in regulating gene expression. We test this hypothesis using a restriction enzyme as a probe of chromatin structure and as a proxy for transcription factors. We measured the digestion rate and the fraction of accessible DNA at almost all genomic AluI sites in budding yeast and mouse liver nuclei. Hepatocyte DNA is more accessible than yeast DNA, consistent with longer linkers between nucleosomes, and suggesting that nucleosome spacing is a major determinant of accessibility. DNA accessibility varies from cell to cell, such that essentially no sites are accessible or inaccessible in every cell. AluI sites in inactive mouse promoters are accessible in some cells, implying that transcription factors could bind without activating the gene. Euchromatin and heterochromatin have very similar accessibilities, suggesting that transcription factors can penetrate heterochromatin. Thus, DNA accessibility is not likely to be the primary determinant of gene regulation.Fil: Chereji, Razvan V.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Eriksson, Peter R.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Ocampo, Josefina. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Prajapati, Hemant Kumar. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Clark, David. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unido

Impact of 4D channel distribution on the achievable rates in coherent optical communication experiments

We experimentally investigate mutual information and generalized mutual information for coherent optical transmission systems. The impact of the assumed channel distribution on the achievable rate is investigated for distributions in up to four dimensions. Single channel and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission over transmission links with and without inline dispersion compensation are studied. We show that for conventional WDM systems without inline dispersion compensation, a circularly symmetric complex Gaussian distribution is a good approximation of the channel. For other channels, such as with inline dispersion compensation, this is no longer true and gains in the achievable information rate are obtained by considering more sophisticated four-dimensional (4D) distributions. We also show that for nonlinear channels, gains in the achievable information rate can also be achieved by estimating the mean values of the received constellation in four dimensions. The highest gain for such channels is seen for a 4D correlated Gaussian distribution

The 22 GHz radio-aeronomy receiver at Onsala Space Observatory

We present a radiometer system for regular long-term measurements of water vapour in the middle atmosphere. To be able to do continuous and long-term measurements a simple, robust, reliable and automatic system is needed. Our system therefore is based on a stable, uncooled, HEMT amplifier frontend and on a digital spectrometer backend. In order to minimise reflections in the frontend transmission line, which distort the signal due to standing waves, we have designed a corrugated receiver horn, which combines good characteristics (low return loss and sidelobes) and narrow beamwidth to simplify the receiver optics. In order to make the radiometer system as simple as possible, we use the sky as the calibration cold load. This is possible since we use the observed brightness temperatures of an already existing broadband dual-channel 21.0/31.4-GHz radiometer, at the observation site, to estimate the brightness temperature of the sky at . However, we have developed a calibration method, which makes it possible to estimate the sky brightness temperature even if we cannot use the dual-channel radiometer. Despite new measurements, which became available in recent years, the determination of middle atmospheric water vapour distribution still remains a challenge due to the fact that there is a large dispersion among the different measurement methods and data sets, which are obtained on a sparse and sporadic basis. This is the reason why several instruments similar to ours currently are developed in Europe

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing of Salmonella Senftenberg in animal feed production.

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was studied as genotyping method typing for a strain collection of Salmonella, belonging to the serotype Senftenberg. This collection consisted of 48 strains/isolates that were sampled in Sweden during 1995-96. In this study the aim was evaluate the usefulness of RAPD in terms of discriminatory power, reproducibility and typeability to compare it with other genotyping methods. By using Taq and Tth DNA polymerase in separate reactions the ability to increase discriminatory power and reproducibility was studied. When Tth DNA polymerase was used in the RAPD reaction brighter bands were obtained and the reproducibility was increased. The results suggest that RAPD can be used for rapid screening of a strain material and in combination with other more discriminating genotyping methods to more truly reflect the genetic diversity

Identity, Threat and Coping among Gay Men Living with HIV in Finland

A qualitative interview study was conducted to understand the psychological impact of living with HIV among gay men in Finland. Seventeen gay men living with HIV were recruited at HIV support charities in Finland. The data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. The analysis yielded three themes: (1) Self-Stigma and Threatened Self-Esteem; (2) Managing the Assimilation-Accommodation of HIV; and (3) Reconstrual of HIV, Its Meaning and Implications. Self-stigma was pervasive across participants’ accounts and appeared to impede the assimilation-accommodation of HIV in identity. The ability to reconstrue the meanings of HIV and its implications (from something negative to something positive) can facilitate the assimilation-accommodation of HIV in identity, restoring self-esteem, continuity and self-efficacy. The ability to reconstrue HIV may be an important determinant of psychological wellbeing. This should be the focus of behavioral and clinical interventions for enhancing psychological wellbeing in this population

Unconventional gas: potential energy market impacts in the European Union

In the interest of effective policymaking, this report seeks to clarify certain controversies and identify key gaps in the evidence-base relating to unconventional gas. The scope of this report is restricted to the economic impact of unconventional gas on energy markets. As such, it principally addresses such issues as the energy mix, energy prices, supplies, consumption, and trade flows. Whilst this study touches on coal bed methane and tight gas, its predominant focus is on shale gas, which the evidence at this time suggests will be the form of unconventional gas with the most growth potential in the short- to medium-term. This report considers the prospects for the indigenous production of shale gas within the EU-27 Member States. It evaluates the available evidence on resource size, extractive technology, resource access and market access. This report also considers the implications for the EU of large-scale unconventional gas production in other parts of the world. This acknowledges the fact that many changes in the dynamics of energy supply can only be understood in the broader global context. It also acknowledges that the EU is a major importer of energy, and that it is therefore heavily affected by developments in global energy markets that are largely out of its control.JRC.F.3-Energy securit