The solar wind as seen by SOHO/SWAN since 1996: comparison with SOHO/LASCO C2 coronal densities

We update the SOHO/SWAN H Lyman-alpha brightness analysis to cover the 1996-2008 time interval. A forward model applied to the intensity maps provides the latitude and time dependence of the interstellar Hydrogen ionisation rate over more than a full solar cycle. The hydrogen ionisation, being almost entirely due to charge-exchange with solar wind ions, reflects closely the solar wind flux. Our results show that the solar wind latitudinal structure during the present solar minimum is strikingly different from the previous minimum, with a much wider slow solar wind equatorial belt which persists until at least the end of 2008. We compute absolute values of the in-ecliptic H ionisation rates using OMNI solar wind data and use them to calibrate our ionisation rates at all heliographic latitudes. We then compare the resulting fluxes with the synoptic LASCO/C2 electron densities at 6 solar radii. The two time-latitude patterns are strikingly similar over all the cycle. This comparison shows that densities at 6 solar radii can be used to infer the solar wind type close to its source, with high (resp. low) densities tracing the slow (resp. fast) solar wind, simply because the density reflects at which altitude occurs the acceleration. The comparison between the two minima suggests that the fast polar wind acceleration occurs at larger distance during the current minimum compared to the previous one. This difference, potentially linked to the magnetic field decrease or(and) the coronal temperature decrease should be reproduced by solar wind expansion models.Comment: Proceedings of the SOHO-23 conference, Sept 21-25, 200

Electromagnetic Heat-induced in Meso-structures: Computation of Temperature in Metallic Dimers

International audienceThe illumination of a dimer metallic nanostructure is known to produce an in- tense source of light, with nanometric size. This con¯nement of light in the gap between the two material structures can induce an increase of the absorption of the electromagnetic energy in the nanaoantenna itself, and therefore its warm-up. The multiphysics problem associated to this photo-thermal e®ect is modeled through a Finite Element Method (FEM). This contribu- tion consists in computing both the electromagnetic ¯eld and the temperature, and discussing the in°uence of the gap, in the case of a bow-tie nanoantenna. The applications could be the development of nanodevices with thermal properties

A fully 3-dimensional thermal model of a comet nucleus

A 3-D numerical model of comet nuclei is presented. An implicit numerical scheme was developed for the thermal evolution of a spherical nucleus composed of a mixture of ice and dust. The model was tested against analytical solutions, simplified numerical solutions, and 1-D thermal evolution codes. The 3-D code was applied to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko; surface temperature maps and the internal thermal structure was obtained as function of depth, longitude and hour angle. The effect of the spin axis tilt on the surface temperature distribution was studied in detail. It was found that for small tilt angles, relatively low temperatures may prevail on near-pole areas, despite lateral heat conduction. A high-resolution run for a comet model of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with low tilt angle, allowing for crystallization of amorphous ice, showed that the amorphous/crystalline ice boundary varies significantly with depth as a function of cometary latitude.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure

Impact de l’organisation sur la définition d’une profession au sein du SAMU : le cas des assistants de régulation médicale

National audienceWithin the Emergency Medical Service (EMS), Medical Regulation Assistant (MRA) are in the front line when it comes to managing emergencies. MRA is the first point of contact to take charge of callers. This feature, in the heart of the functioning and prerogatives of EMS is at the crossroads of medical emergency services in the covered area. Even if the objectives and prerogatives of MRA are set nationally, it appears that the skills and responsibilities associated with this function may vary from one region to another and from one EMS to another. In our work, we propose to question the ARM professionalization process by conducting an ethnographic survey and interviews within the EMS from the Arras Hospital. It will highlight the process by which MRA build their own skills and knowledge. We also show that this improving professionalism is literally described in the documents produced by the sector. Furthermore, professionalism requires constant adaptation to the technical, organizational and territorial constraints. This issue is being addressed in the EQU 2 project (Ethics, Quality, Emergency) which is a collaboration of two laboratories (GERIICO and STL, University of Lille) and the EMS from the Arras Hospital.Au sein du SAMU, les assistants de régulation médicale (ARM) sont en première ligne lorsqu’il est question de gérer les urgences. L’ARM est le premier interlocuteur à prendre en charge les appelants. Cette fonction, au cœur du fonctionnement et des prérogatives du SAMU est donc au carrefour des services de prise en charge médicale d’urgence de la zone couverte. Si les objectifs et les prérogatives des ARM sont définies nationalement, il s’avère que les compétences et les responsabilités associées à cette fonction peuvent varier d’une région à l’autre, d’un SAMU à l’autre. Dans le cadre de nos travaux, nous proposons de questionner le processus de professionnalisation des ARM en menant une enquête ethnographique et des entretiens au sein du SAMU du centre hospitalier D’Arras. Dans cet article, il s’agira de mettre en lumière le processus par lequel les ARM construisent eux-mêmes des compétences et des savoirs. Nous montrerons également que cette professionnalisation, qui s’inscrit textuellement dans les documents produits par le secteur, nécessite une constante adaptation aux contraintes techniques, territoriales et organisationnelles. Cette analyse s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet EQU 2 (Éthique, Qualité, Urgence) faisant collaborer les laboratoires GERiiCO (Sciences de l’information et de la communication ; Université de Lille) et STL (Savoirs, Textes, Langage ; Université de Lille) ainsi que le SAMU du Centre Hospitalier d’Arras

Electromagnetic Heat-induced in Meso-structures: Computation of Temperature in Metallic Dimers

International audienceThe illumination of a dimer metallic nanostructure is known to produce an in- tense source of light, with nanometric size. This con¯nement of light in the gap between the two material structures can induce an increase of the absorption of the electromagnetic energy in the nanaoantenna itself, and therefore its warm-up. The multiphysics problem associated to this photo-thermal e®ect is modeled through a Finite Element Method (FEM). This contribu- tion consists in computing both the electromagnetic ¯eld and the temperature, and discussing the in°uence of the gap, in the case of a bow-tie nanoantenna. The applications could be the development of nanodevices with thermal properties

Habitual intake of anthocyanins and flavanones and risk of cardiovascular disease in men

Background: Although increased fruit intake reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, which fruits are most beneficial and what key constituents are responsible are unclear. Habitual intakes of flavonoids, specifically anthocyanins and flavanones, in which >90% of habitual intake is derived from fruit, are associated with decreased CVD risk in women, but associations in men are largely unknown. Objective: We examined the relation between habitual anthocyanin and flavanone intake and coronary artery disease and stroke in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Design: We followed 43,880 healthy men who had no prior diagnosed CVD or cancer. Flavonoid intake was calculated with the use of validated food-frequency questionnaires. Results: During 24 y of follow-up, 4046 myocardial infarction (MI) and 1572 stroke cases were confirmed by medical records. Although higher anthocyanin intake was not associated with total or fatal MI risk, after multivariate adjustment an inverse association with nonfatal MI was observed (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.00; P = 0.04; P-trend = 0.098); this association was stronger in normotensive participants (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.96; P-interaction = 0.03). Anthocyanin intake was not associated with stroke risk. Although flavanone intake was not associated with MI or total stroke risk, higher intake was associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97; P = 0.03, P-trend = 0.059), with the greatest magnitude in participants aged ≥65 y (P-interaction = 0.04). Conclusions: Higher intakes of fruit-based flavonoids were associated with a lower risk of nonfatal MI and ischemic stroke in men. Mechanistic studies and clinical trials are needed to unravel the differential benefits of anthocyanin- and flavanone-rich foods on cardiovascular health

Durable response with single-agent acalabrutinib in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma

Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors have greatly improved the spectrum of treatment options in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) [1–4]. Acalabrutinib is a highly selective, orally administered, and potent BTK inhibitor with limited off-target activity [5]. Acalabrutinib was approved in 2017 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MCL based on clinical data from the open-label, multicenter, phase 2 ACE-LY-004 study of acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily [1]. Here, we present updated results from the ACE-LY-004 study after a median 26-month follow-up. Eligibility criteria and study design were published previously (Supplementary methods) [1]. Analysis of minimal residual disease (MRD) was conducted after complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) was achieved using the quantitative ClonoSEQ next-generation sequencing (5 × 10−6 ) assay (Adpative Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA) in consenting patients with available paired archival tumor and whole blood samples. Data are updated as of February 12, 2018