Zihinsel canlandırmada açı özelliğinin duygu durumlarıyla ilişkisinin fizyolojik dışavurumu

Özer, A. Kadir (Dogus Author) -- Eremsoy, Cemile Ekin (Dogus Author)Bu proje içinde yer alan araştırma dizisinin amaçları, 1) göz açısından dış açıya, dış açıdan göz açısına çıkarak yapılan canlandırmalarda sınav kaygısı, öfke ve depresyon duygularındaki değişim sürecini fizyolojik ölçümlerle; 2) sınav kaygısında, öfkede ve depresyonda düşük ve yüksek olan bireylerde açı değiştirmenin görece etkilerini yine fizyolojik ölçümlerle ve 3) sınav kaygısının giderilmesinde göz açısıyla veya dış açıyla maruz bırakmanın görece etkinliğini saptamadır.TÜBİTA

How do the predictors of conduct problems / hyperactivity and callous - unemotional (CU) traits in children differ according to mothers' and teachers' ratings?

WCPCG-2010This study investigated the predictors of conduct problems/hyperactivity and callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children. It was hypothesized that conduct problems/hyperactivity and CU traits are associated with different risk factors. The participants of the study composed of 513 teacher-nominated elementary school children with a mean of 9.62 years of age. Regression analyses revealed some significant differences between risk factors of conduct problems/hyperactivity and CU traits. In addition, predictors according to mothers' and teachers' ratings were not the same, except for some overlapping variables. The results were discussed in terms of using of multiple informants for assessing different problem areas in children

Psychometric properties of the antisocial process screening device in a non - clinical sample of Turkish children

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD; Frick & Hare, 2002) to be used with non-clinical Turkish samples. APSD is a 20-item scale that evaluates antisocial behaviors and the presence of psychopathic traits in children between 6-13 years of age. Study 1 was designed to check the internal consistency and test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities. Despite satisfactory test-retest and inter-rater reliability coefficients, the Cronbach alpha coefficients of the Callous Unemotional (CU) dimension were very low in all the three forms (parent, teacher, and combined). Study 2 was designed to check the internal consistency after conducting the revisions and also validity analyses, mainly by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, 1997). Consequently, the Turkish version of APSD showed reliable and valid results to evaluate the psychopathic traits and antisocial behaviors of the children between 8-11 years of age in the non-clinical Turkish sample

Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions

The authors thank Susan Sprecher (USA), Del Paulhus (Canada), Glenn D. Wilson (England), Qazi Rahman (England), Alois Angleitner (Germany), Angelika Hofhansl (Austria), Tamio Imagawa (Japan), Minoru Wada (Japan), Junichi Taniguchi (Japan), and Yuji Kanemasa (Japan) for helping with data collection and contributing significantly to the samples used in this study.Gender differences in the dismissing form of adult romantic attachment were investigated as part of the International Sexuality Description Project—a survey study of 17,804 people from 62 cultural regions. Contrary to research findings previously reported in Western cultures, we found that men were not significantly more dismissing than women across all cultural regions. Gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment were evident in most cultures, but were typically only small to moderate in magnitude. Looking across cultures, the degree of gender differentiation in dismissing romantic attachment was predictably associated with sociocultural indicators. Generally, these associations supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment, with smaller gender differences evident in cultures with high–stress and high–fertility reproductive environments. Social role theories of human sexuality received less support in that more progressive sex–role ideologies and national gender equity indexes were not cross–culturally linked as expected to smaller gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment.peer-reviewe

Patterns and universals of mate poaching across 53 nations : the effects of sex, culture, and personality on romantically attracting another person’s partner

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, 16,954 participants from 53 nations were administered an anonymous survey about experiences with romantic attraction. Mate poaching--romantically attracting someone who is already in a relationship--was most common in Southern Europe, South America, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe and was relatively infrequent in Africa, South/Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Evolutionary and social-role hypotheses received empirical support. Men were more likely than women to report having made and succumbed to short-term poaching across all regions, but differences between men and women were often smaller in more gender-egalitarian regions. People who try to steal another's mate possess similar personality traits across all regions, as do those who frequently receive and succumb to the poaching attempts by others. The authors conclude that human mate-poaching experiences are universally linked to sex, culture, and the robust influence of personal dispositions.peer-reviewe

Narcissism and the strategic pursuit of short-term mating : universal links across 11 world regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2.

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating

Narcisismo y búsqueda estratégica del emparejamiento a corto plazo a través de las culturas: Enlaces omnipresentes a través de 11 regiones mundiales del Proyecto de la descripción de la sexualidad internacional 2

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating.Estudios previos, en primer lugar a través de las muestras de culturas occidentales, han documentado asociaciones sistemáticas del narcisismo subclínico con múltiples indicadores de estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo (p. ej. sociosexualidad ilimitada, infidelidad, caza de pareja). En este estudio se han usado respuestas de la encuesta transcultural de 30.470 personas de 53 naciones de 11 regiones mundiales (América del Norte, América del Sur/América Central, Europa del Norte, Europa del Oeste, Europa del Este, Europa del Sur, Oriente Próximo, África, Asia del Sur/Sudoeste de Asia, Asia del Este y Oceanía) para evaluar si el narcisismo (medido por el Inventario de Personalidad Narcisista; NPI) se asocia panuniversalmente con los indicadores del emparejamiento a corto plazo, tanto en la dirección, como en la intensidad. Los resultados sugieren que el narcisismo (incluidos muchos aspectos suyos medidos por el NPI) tiene las mismas asociaciones básicas con los rasgos de personalidad relacionados con el sexo (p. ej. extraversión alta) y con los resultados sexuales claves (p. ej. búsqueda más activa de las estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo) a través de las 11 mayores regiones mundiales del PDSI 2. La discusión se enfoca en las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio actual

Ebeveynlere, ailelere ve çocuklara ait özellikler davranım sorunu gösteren çocuklar içinde psikopati eğilimi olanlar ile olmayanları ne şekilde ayrıştırmaktadır?

The present study aimed to investigate the predictors of conduct problems and callous-unemotional (CU) traits in a non-clinic sample of children from different socioeconomic levels. It was hypothesized that conduct problems and CU traits will be associated with different risk factors. Regression analyses were conducted in order to find out the predictors of conduct problems/hyperactivity and CU traits. Results showed some significant differences between risk factors of conduct problems/hyperactivity and CU traits. Predictors according to mothers’ and teachers’ ratings were not the same, except for some overlapping variables. The findings indicated that teachers could not differentiate conduct problems/hyperactivity symptoms and CU traits appropriately from each other. However, they could make more reliable comparisons between two groups of children with conduct problems who differ on severity of CU levels as compared to mothers. The results were discussed in terms of using of multiple informants forassessing different problem areas in children. In addition, the study aimed to investigate the differences between three groups of children, namely, children with conduct problems and high CU traits, children with conduct problems and low CU traits, and children without conduct problems and low CU traits were compared on child-related, parenting-related, and other family measures by using multiple factorial analyses of variances. Although significant differences were found between the control group and the two conduct group, the significant differences between the two conduct groups were limited. The results were discussed in terms of treatment needs and possible differences in cultural expression of CU traits.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

Psychometric properties of the Turkish versions of disgust scale and contamination cognition scale

Eremsoy, Cemile Ekin (Dogus Author)Tiksinme Ölçeği-Revize Edilmiş Formu (TÖ-R) ile Bulaşma / Kirlenme Bilişleri Ölçeği (BKBÖ) sırasıyla tiksinme duyarlılığı ve bulaşma bilişlerindeki bireyler arası farklılıkları ve bu farklılıkların başta Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluk (OKB) olmak üzere kaygı bozukluklarının etiyolojisinde nasıl bir rol oynadığını incelemek üzere yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu ölçekleri ülkemize uyarlamak, psikometrik özelliklerini incelemek, Kanada ve Türk örneklemlerindeki faktör uyuşmasını araştırmaktır. Araştırma örneklemini oluşturan 412 Türk üniversite öğrencisi tiksinme duyarlılığı, bulaşma bilişleri, OKB, depresyon, kaygı ve öfke belirtilerini değerlendiren ölçüm araçlarından oluşan ölçek setini doldurmuşlardır. İç tutarlık ve test-tekrar test analizleri, TÖ-R ve BKBÖ’nün Türkçe versiyonlarının tatminkar düzeyde güvenirlik değerlerine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Doğrulayıcı Faktör ve Hedef Dönüştürme analizleri, TÖ-R’nin üç faktörlü yapısının ölçeğin orijinal yapısı ile büyük ölçüde örtüştüğüne işaret etmiştir. Ayrıca, grup karşılaştırmaları ve korelasyon değerleri ölçeklerin birleşen, ölçüt ve ayırt edici geçerliklerini desteklemiştir. Sonuç olarak, psikometrik özelliklere dair bulgular ölçeklerin Türkçe versiyonlarının ülkemizde gü-venilir ve geçerli olduğunu göstermekte ve ölçeklerin kültürler arası geçerliğini güçlendirmektedir.Disgust Sensitivity Scale-Revised Form (DS-R) and Contamination Cognition Scale (CCS) have been used frequently to assess individual differences in disgust sensitivity and contamination cognitions and to examine how these variables play a role in the etiology of anxiety disorders, specifically in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was to conduct the adaptation of these scales into the Turkish language, to examine their psychometric properties, and to compare the similarities between the Canadian and Turkish factor structures. The sample of the study consisted of 412 Turkish university students who completed a set of questionnaires including scales assessing disgust sensitivity, contamination cognitions, OCD, depression, anxiety, and anger symptoms. Internal consistency and test-retest analyses indicated that Turkish versions of DS-R and CCS had adequate reliability coefficients. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Target Rotation Analysis confirmed the original three factor structure solution of the DS-R in the Turkish sample. Furthermore, group comparisons and correlation coefficients supported convergent, criterion, and discriminant validities of the adapted scales. Therefore, results regarding the psychometric properties indicate to reliability and validity of the Turkish version of these two scales and strengthen the cross-cultural validity of the scales.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TUBİTAK) Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Grubu tarafından Hızlı Destek Projeler

Psychometric properties of the Turkish versions of disgust scale and contamination cognition scale

Eremsoy, Cemile Ekin (Dogus Author)Tiksinme Ölçeği-Revize Edilmiş Formu (TÖ-R) ile Bulaşma / Kirlenme Bilişleri Ölçeği (BKBÖ) sırasıyla tiksinme duyarlılığı ve bulaşma bilişlerindeki bireyler arası farklılıkları ve bu farklılıkların başta Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluk (OKB) olmak üzere kaygı bozukluklarının etiyolojisinde nasıl bir rol oynadığını incelemek üzere yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu ölçekleri ülkemize uyarlamak, psikometrik özelliklerini incelemek, Kanada ve Türk örneklemlerindeki faktör uyuşmasını araştırmaktır. Araştırma örneklemini oluşturan 412 Türk üniversite öğrencisi tiksinme duyarlılığı, bulaşma bilişleri, OKB, depresyon, kaygı ve öfke belirtilerini değerlendiren ölçüm araçlarından oluşan ölçek setini doldurmuşlardır. İç tutarlık ve test-tekrar test analizleri, TÖ-R ve BKBÖ’nün Türkçe versiyonlarının tatminkar düzeyde güvenirlik değerlerine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Doğrulayıcı Faktör ve Hedef Dönüştürme analizleri, TÖ-R’nin üç faktörlü yapısının ölçeğin orijinal yapısı ile büyük ölçüde örtüştüğüne işaret etmiştir. Ayrıca, grup karşılaştırmaları ve korelasyon değerleri ölçeklerin birleşen, ölçüt ve ayırt edici geçerliklerini desteklemiştir. Sonuç olarak, psikometrik özelliklere dair bulgular ölçeklerin Türkçe versiyonlarının ülkemizde gü-venilir ve geçerli olduğunu göstermekte ve ölçeklerin kültürler arası geçerliğini güçlendirmektedir.Disgust Sensitivity Scale-Revised Form (DS-R) and Contamination Cognition Scale (CCS) have been used frequently to assess individual differences in disgust sensitivity and contamination cognitions and to examine how these variables play a role in the etiology of anxiety disorders, specifically in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was to conduct the adaptation of these scales into the Turkish language, to examine their psychometric properties, and to compare the similarities between the Canadian and Turkish factor structures. The sample of the study consisted of 412 Turkish university students who completed a set of questionnaires including scales assessing disgust sensitivity, contamination cognitions, OCD, depression, anxiety, and anger symptoms. Internal consistency and test-retest analyses indicated that Turkish versions of DS-R and CCS had adequate reliability coefficients. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Target Rotation Analysis confirmed the original three factor structure solution of the DS-R in the Turkish sample. Furthermore, group comparisons and correlation coefficients supported convergent, criterion, and discriminant validities of the adapted scales. Therefore, results regarding the psychometric properties indicate to reliability and validity of the Turkish version of these two scales and strengthen the cross-cultural validity of the scales.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TUBİTAK) Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Grubu tarafından Hızlı Destek Projeler