Proyecto de mejora de una explotación cerealista de secano en Berlanga de Duero (Soria)

Proyecto de mejora de una explotación cerealista de secano, donde se analiza la situación actual, desde los cultivos, su clasificación edafo-climática hasta el margen económico actual. El promotor no dispone de una instalación necesaria para hacer acopio de semillas y guardar la maquinaria. Se lleva a cabo un análisis de posibles alternativas en el sistema de laboreo, de cultivos a implantar y de sistemas constructuvos para la construcción de una nave. Se diseña la construcción a llevar a cabo y se programan las obras. Posteriormente se analiza la viabilidad económica de la inversión.Grado en Ingeniería Agrícola y del Medio Rura

Las modalidades de selección en el Estatuto de contratación de la administración pública como mecanismos de selección objetiva de contratistas

Partiendo de la base que el trabajo de investigación implica una disertación argumentativa, se destaca a primera a mano que nos encontramos frente a un tema aparente e ilusoriamente pacífico, el cual no ha sido objeto de un intenso análisis, que en el fondo logre demostrar o por lo menos poner de presente que tenemos un estatuto de contratación estatal con graves falencias en su componente fundamental como lo constituye la selección objetiva de los contratistas, que no sobra recordar es uno de los aspectos esenciales que lo diferencia con el derecho privado negocial. En ese orden, el presente estudio nos ayudará a comprender de mejor manera el contexto sobre el cual el estado ejecuta recursos públicos a través de procesos de contratación sustentados en modalidades de selección no solamente disparejas, sino adicionalmente con falencias que pueden llegar a considerarlos como poco eficientes e idóneos para cumplir con los fines para los que se establecieron y principalmente atentatorios del principio de la selección objetiva como premisa fundamental de tales figuras. Bajo tal perspectiva, el estudio acoge gran relevancia cuando en la actualidad vemos con bastante frecuencia los múltiples fracasos de grandes y pequeños proyectos cuya debilidad no solo se incentiva, sino que además se patrocina con el esquema que tenemos para escoger a los mejores contratistas del estado, esto aunado a las diversas reformas de fondo que se han tratado de propiciar pero que por coyunturas políticas han sido relegadas al total olvido como consecuencia del desinterés tanto del ejecutivo como del legislador para sacarlas victoriosas. En ese entendido, revisaremos la evolución histórica tanto de las modalidades de selección, como del principio de selección objetiva tratando de entender la sindéresis de su definición, abordando preceptivas normativas trasversales que inciden en su materialización, para luego compararlas con lineamientos de organismos internacionales que se preocupan por la materia, y así concluir que tenemos un esquema frágil, complejo y alejado de la finalidad de lo que se pretende con los contratos estatales.Starting from the basis that the research work involves an argumentative dissertation, it is highlighted first hand that we are faced with an apparent and illusorily peaceful topic, which has not been the object of an intense analysis, which in the end can prove or At least, we should point out that we have a state contracting statute with serious flaws in its fundamental component, such as the objective selection of contractors. In that order, the present study will help us to better understand the context over which the state executes public resources through hiring processes based on selection modalities not only uneven, but also with shortcomings that may come to be considered as efficient and suitable to meet the purposes for which they were established and primarily assaulting the principle of objective selection as a fundamental premise of such figures. In this perspective, the current study receives great relevance when we see quite often the multiple failures of large and small projects whose weakness is not only encouraged, but also sponsored by the scheme we have in order to choose the best contractors in the state; this coupled with the various substantive reforms that have been tried to propitiate but that by political conjunctures have been relegated to total oblivion as a result of the disinterest of both the executive and the legislator to get them victorious. In this understanding, we will review the historical evolution of both the modalities of selection, and the principle of objective selection trying to understand the synderesis of its definition, addressing mandatory cross-cutting regulations that affect its realization, and then compare them with guidelines of international organizations. They worry about the subject, and thus conclude that we have a fragile, complex and far from the purpose of what is intended with state contracts.Magíster en Derecho AdministrativoMaestrí

Academic androcentrism: the fiction of neutral knowledge

Las universidades españolas cuentan en la actualidad con una presencia normalizada de mujeres en las aulas y una legislación que obliga a incorporar los estudios de género y una perspectiva no androcéntrica en la docencia y la investigación. Sin embargo, los techos y paredes de cristal siguen presentes, los estudios de género no se han integrado de forma normalizada y las diferentes disciplinas comparten una visión androcéntrica del conocimiento. Tras la adopción del conocido Plan Bolonia, lejos de acatar tal mandato se ha otorgado un tratamiento periférico a dicha disciplina. Este artículo aborda el estado de la cuestión en las universidades públicas españolas, identifica algunos elementos problemáticos así como posibles soluciones.Spanish universities have a normalized presence of women and are bound by law to incorporate gender studies and a non androcentric perspective in teaching and research. Nevertheless, ceilings and glass walls remain, gender studies have not been mainstreamed and the different disciplines have androcentric views on knowledge. After the adoption of the so-called Bolonia Plan, far from implementing the legal duty, the treatment provided to gender studies in the Higher Education system has been peripheric. This article adresses this situation in public universities, highlights some problematic elements as well as possible solutions.Este trabajo ha sido realizado en el marco del Proyecto «Multisectorial Academic Programme» Ref. JUST/2014/RDAP/AIG/HARM/7937. Programa: Derechos, igualdad y ciudadanía 2014-2020 de la Dirección General de Justicia de la Comisión Europea, dirigido por la autora

A multifactor sector model for the stock market: evidence from Spain

A factor model which relates the macroeconomy and the stock market evolution is presented. This relation is shown to be different among activity sectors. These differences are detected and quantified in an empirical application to the Madrid Stock Market. Forecasting experiments show that it is possible to improve the predictive ability of widely used models by means of the sensible use of the information provided by macroeconomic variables

Stoichiometric analysis of self-maintaining metabolisms

This paper presents an extension of stoichiometric analysis in systems where the catalytic compounds (enzymes) are also intermediates of the metabolic network (dual property), so they are produced and degraded by the reaction network itself. To take this property into account, we introduce the definition of enzyme-maintaining mode, a set of reactions that produces its own catalyst and can operate at stationary state. Moreover, an enzyme-maintaining mode is defined as elementary with respect to a given reaction if the removal of any of the remaining reactions causes the cessation of any steady state flux through this reference reaction. These concepts are applied to determine the network structure of a simple self-maintaining system

Liver Cholesterol Overload Aggravates Obstructive Cholestasis by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Premature Death in Mice

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is one of the leading causes of liver disease. Dietary factors determine the clinical presentation of steatohepatitis and can influence the progression of related diseases. Cholesterol has emerged as a critical player in the disease and hence consumption of cholesterol-enriched diets can lead to a progressive form of the disease. The aim was to investigate the impact of liver cholesterol overload on the progression of the obstructive cholestasis in mice subjected to bile duct ligation surgery. Mice were fed with a high cholesterol diet for two days and then were subjected to surgery procedure; histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses were conducted to address the effect of cholesterol in liver damage. Mice under the diet were more susceptible to damage. Results show that cholesterol fed mice exhibited increased apoptosis and oxidative stress as well as reduction in cell proliferation. Mortality following surgery was higher in HC fed mice. Liver cholesterol impairs the repair of liver during obstructive cholestasis and aggravates the disease with early fatal consequences; these effects were strongly associated with oxidative stress.This work was supported by grants of the CONACYT 252942, 236558, and 166042, CONACYT Fronteras de la Ciencia 1320, Asociación Mexicana de Hepatología, and SEP-PRODEP-913026-1461211, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, by grants SAF-2011-23031 and SAF-2012-34831 from Plan Nacional de I+D, Spain, Fundació la Marató de TV3, La Mutua Madrileña, PI11/0325 (META) Grant from the Instituto Salud Carlos III, by the support of CIBEREHD, and by the Center Grant P50-AA-11999 from Research Center for Liver and Pancreatic Diseases funded by NIAAA/NIH.Peer Reviewe

Construcción con Madera

En el PAP Tecnología Apropiada Para la Generación de Sistemas Constructivos, otoño 2018, se planteó el desarrollo de tres viviendas diferentes, pero con el mismo principio constructivo de marcos de madera. Con la finalidad de generar uno o varios modelos tipo de vivienda en la localidad de San Andrés Cohamiata, pueblo indígena al norte del estado de Jalisco, en colindancia con Nayarit y Durango. El trabajo consistió en hacer modelos físicos y someterlos a pruebas de laboratorio con el fin de medir la resistencia de los diferentes marcos y partiendo de los resultados, diseñar los modelos de vivienda para la localidad de San Andrés Cohamiata. Al final los resultados obtenidos fueron los modelos de vivienda correspondientes a las necesidades de la zona y al nivel socioeconómico de la gente que habita esa región, las cuales emplean el uso de la madera como eje estructural de las mismas, esto debido a que la región es abundante en ella; los muros de cada vivienda varían en material, pero siempre aprovechando los recursos de la zona, como lo es la tierra, la paja, piedra y demás

Construcción con madera

En el PAP Tecnología Apropiada Para la Generación de Sistemas Constructivos, otoño 2018, se planteó el desarrollo de tres viviendas diferentes, pero con el mismo principio constructivo de marcos de madera. Con la finalidad de generar uno o varios modelos tipo de vivienda en la localidad de San Andrés Cohamiata, pueblo indígena al norte del estado de Jalisco, en colindancia con Nayarit y Durango. El trabajo consistió en hacer modelos físicos y someterlos a pruebas de laboratorio con el fin de medir la resistencia de los diferentes marcos y partiendo de los resultados, diseñar los modelos de vivienda para la localidad de San Andrés Cohamiata. Al final los resultados obtenidos fueron los modelos de vivienda correspondientes a las necesidades de la zona y al nivel socioeconómico de la gente que habita esa región, las cuales emplean el uso de la madera como eje estructural de las mismas, esto debido a que la región es abundante en ella; los muros de cada vivienda varían en material, pero siempre aprovechando los recursos de la zona, como lo es la tierra, la paja, piedra y demás.ITESO, A.C

Hepatocyte Growth Factor Reduces Free Cholesterol-Mediated Lipotoxicity in Primary Hepatocytes by Countering Oxidative Stress

Cholesterol overload in the liver has shown toxic effects by inducing the aggravation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to steatohepatitis and sensitizing to damage. Although the mechanism of damage is complex, it has been demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a prominent role in the process. In addition, we have proved that hepatocyte growth factor induces an antioxidant response in hepatic cells; in the present work we aimed to figure out the protective effect of this growth factor in hepatocytes overloaded with free cholesterol. Hepatocytes from mice fed with a high-cholesterol diet were treated or not with HGF, reactive oxygen species present in cholesterol overloaded hepatocytes significantly decreased, and this effect was particularly associated with the increase in glutathione and related enzymes, such as γ-gamma glutamyl cysteine synthetase, GSH peroxidase, and GSH-S-transferase. Our data clearly indicate that HGF displays an antioxidant response by inducing the glutathione-related protection system

Reappraisal of the outcome of healthcare-associated and community-acquired bacteramia: a prospective cohort study

Background: Healthcare-associated (HCA) bloodstream infections (BSI) have been associated with worse outcomes, in terms of higher frequencies of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and inappropriate therapy than strict community-acquired (CA) BSI. Recent changes in the epidemiology of community (CO)-BSI and treatment protocols may have modified this association. The objective of this study was to analyse the etiology, therapy and outcomes for CA and HCA BSI in our area. Methods: A prospective multicentre cohort including all CO-BSI episodes in adult patients was performed over a 3-month period in 2006–2007. Outcome variables were mortality and inappropriate empirical therapy. Adjusted analyses were performed by logistic regression. Results: 341 episodes of CO-BSI were included in the study. Acquisition was HCA in 56% (192 episodes) of them. Inappropriate empirical therapy was administered in 16.7% (57 episodes). All-cause mortality was 16.4% (56 patients) at day 14 and 20% (71 patients) at day 30. After controlling for age, Charlson index, source, etiology, presentation with severe sepsis or shock and inappropriate empirical treatment, acquisition type was not associated with an increase in 14-day or 30-day mortality. Only an stratified analysis of 14th-day mortality for Gram negatives BSI showed a statically significant difference (7% in CA vs 17% in HCA, p = 0,05). Factors independently related to inadequate empirical treatment in the community were: catheter source, cancer, and previous antimicrobial use; no association with HCA acquisition was found. Conclusion: HCA acquisition in our cohort was not a predictor for either inappropriate empirical treatment or increased mortality. These results might reflect recent changes in therapeutic protocols and epidemiological changes in community pathogens. Further studies should focus on recognising CA BSI due to resistant organisms facilitating an early and adequate treatment in patients with CA resistant BSI