An Experimental Rat Model Study: Is There Any Effect of Syringic Acid on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Priapism?

Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of syringic acid on ischemia-reperfusion injury in cavernosal tissue, utilizing a rat model of induced priapism. Materials and methods A total of 24 rats were allocated into three groups. Group 1 was designated as the control group, while Group 2 underwent ischemia-reperfusion injury assessment using the priapism model. Group 3 underwent the same procedures as Group 2, with the addition of intraperitoneal administration of syringic acid (100 mg/kg) 60 min after priapism initiation. All rats underwent penectomy, and sufficient blood samples were collected. Histopathological assessment of penile cavernosal tissue involved grading tissue damage, inflammation, vasocongestion, desquamation, and edema on a scale of 0-3 (0: normal, 1: mild, 2: moderate, 3: severe). Result Significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha levels (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha levels in Group 2 were found to be significantly higher than Group 3 (p=0.003 and p=0.004). There was also a significant difference among the three groups in terms of median MDA levels (p<0.001). Furthermore, the median MDA level in Group 2 was found to be significantly higher than that in Group 3 (p<0.001). While significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of median SOD and GSH-px levels, no significant difference was found among the groups in terms of median PC levels (p=0.004, p= 0.048, and p=0.159, respectively). In direct microscopic examination, a significant improvement in pathological scores was noted in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p<0.001). Conclusion Syringic acid demonstrated protective properties against ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by priapism in cavernosal tissue

The Impact of Multilateral Policies on Partner Satisfaction and Awareness: Agricultural Credit Cooperatives

The fact that the agricultural structure in Turkey consists of small fragmented and scattered lands, animal and plant production practices that are not managed with a modern management approach, require agricultural cooperatives to be a balance element in agriculture. Moreover, agriculture is not a sector that can be left unattended and it is not a market that can be expected to take shape on its own in a free market economy. Therefore, it is imperative that agriculture is credited, guided by projects, and managed with the logic of economic business. However, it is seen that this importance is not understood sufficiently, that there are problems in implementation and that determined policies are not put forward to eliminate it. During the research, the contributions of the agricultural credit cooperatives in Tekirdag Province to their partners were presented and solutions were discussed. In the study, 13.747 out of 18.190 partners were active partners in 43 units of cooperatives in Tekirdag Regional Union and sample was determined as 121 partners. The questionnaire was carried out through face to face interviews. The impact assessment of the multi-purpose activities of the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives in the province of Tekirdag on the target audience partners has been interpreted with various graphical and statistical analysis methods. The partners do not find the loan interest rates of the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives low enough. This result means that the solution suggestions such as the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives' reducing the resource cost by creating Cooperatives Bank or mutual fund resources should be evaluated. The multi-purpose activities of the agricultural credit cooperatives were evaluated in line with the opinions of the partners, and the effects of multipurpose policies on the cooperative partners were analyzed by correlation analysis. There is a strong positive correlation between multi-purpose policies and faciliating the work of farmers (Correlation coefficient: 0.298). A very good positive correlation was observed between participating in projects and faciliating the work of farmers (Correlation coefficient: 0.408). In the study, it is revealed that the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives carry out many agricultural activities together,which is positively received by the partners. The partners of the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives see these cooperatives as an important tool in running their business and a good alternative source of finance. However, in order to achieve a full democratic structure, the Cooperatives Bank to be established should take an active place within the Bank

Improvement in Low Frequency Emission Test Method by Live Impedance Measurement

The MIL-STD-461 CE101 test is one of the essential low-frequency emission tests in the range of 30 Hz – 10 kHz for military and aerospace equipment, however, its application remains challenging. The primary concern is the effect of the power source or grid impedance on test results because the LISNs are not functional in such a low-frequency range. Therefore, the emission levels depend on the source impedance and, consequently, the reproducibility of test results is generally poor. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze this problem and propose a solution based on the live impedance measurement of the CE101 test circuit. For the live impedance measurement, we used the CS101 military low-frequency immunity test system along with the addition of FFT and current measurement capabilities

Single- and multi-layer arsenene as an anode material for Li, Na, and K-ion battery applications

Revealing ideal electrode materials with required functionalities is a crucial step to develop high-performance alkali-ion batteries. In this study, we investigate the potential of single- (SL) and multi-layer (ML) arsenene phases (buckled and symmetric washboard) to be used as an anode material by means of abinitio calculations. The interaction of alkali metal atoms (M: Li, Na, and K) with arsenene is examined to reveal strong adatom-electrode binding and low diffusion barriers. Provided that the initial crystalline patterns are maintained, the possible M orderings (MxAs) are investigated for varying ion concentrations (x). The structural deformations and the decrease in formation energy with increasing x indicate probable structural transformations. The abinitio molecular dynamics simulations confirm that the ordered patterns are prone to instability and crystalline to amorphous transition is induced at ambient temperature. The calculated (average) open-circuit voltages are between 0.65–0.98 V with the specific capacity range of 358–715 mAhg−1 for SL- and ML-MxAs. Strong metal-electrode interaction, fast diffusion, and desired voltage range suggest arsenene as a promising anode material for alkali-ion batteries to be utilized in low charging voltage applications. © 2020 Elsevier B.V

Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarından Üretilen Elektrik Enerjisi Teşvik Yöntemlerinin İncelenmesi

Enerji ihtiyacımızı karşılarken yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından faydalanmak, çevresel sorunların azalmasını ve enerji üretimi için kullanılan kaynakların gelecek nesillere aktarılmasına imkân sağlamaktadır. Toplumların çevresel sorunlara ilgisinin artması, devletlerin enerji politikalarının şekillenmesine katkı sağlamış ve enerji verimliliği ile beraber yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanılarak enerji üretimi konusunda yatırımlar hız kazanmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları kullanılarak elde edilen temiz enerjinin maliyetleri her ne kadar azalmışsa da fosil yakıtlarla karşılaştırıldığında hala pahalı bir teknolojidir. Maliyet yüksekliği dönüşüm hızını düşüren bir etken olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bazı yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerinin düşen maliyetleri fosil yakıtlarla enerji üretim maliyetlerine çok yakın olsalar da hala birçok teknoloji rekabet edebilecek seviyede değildir. Birleşmiş Milletler ve Avrupa Birliği gibi Uluslararası kurumlarda, üye devletlerin ortak kararları ile fosil yakıtların düşük maliyetlerine karşı, yenilenebilir enerji üretim teknolojilerinin teşvik edilmesi kararları alınmış ve belli hedefler konulmuştur. Temiz enerji üretimi için ihtiyaç olan sermayenin salt devletler tarafından karşılanması yatırım hızını düşüren bir etken olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yönetimler temiz enerjiye yatırım yapmak isteyen kişi ve kuruluşlara teşvikler sağlayarak enerji dönüşümünün mali yükünü paylaşma yöntemini benimsemiştir. Devletler coğrafi koşulları, ekonomik ve teknolojik altyapılarına bağlı olarak enerji üretiminde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına geçiş için farklı politikalar geliştirmektedir. Bu çalışmada farklı ülkelerde ve Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının genel durumu ve bu kaynaklardan elektrik enerjisi üretimi için verilen teşvik yöntemleri incelenmektedir

Comparison of metoprolol and tramadol with remifentanil in endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomised controlled trial

Objective: Controlled hypotension is commonly induced during functional endoscopic sinus surgery to limit mucosal bleeding. This may be detrimental to elderly patients and patients with arterial stenosis. The aim of this pilot study was to determine if a normotensive anaesthetic technique with sufficient analgesia and without profound vasodilation may reduce intraoperative bleeding and incidence of adverse haemodynamic effects associated with vasodilation and variable rate continuous infusions. Methods: In this double-blind randomised controlled trial in a tertiary care centre, a total of 88 patients were randomised to receive intravenously either 0.1 mg kg?1 metoprolol and 1 mg kg?1 tramadol following anaesthesia induction (MT group) or a bolus dose of 0.5 ?g kg?1 remifentanil following anaesthesia induction, followed by 0.25-0.5 ?g kg?1 min?1 remifentanil infusion (R group). The primary outcome was quality of surgical field and incidence of adverse haemodynamic effects. The secondary outcomes were time to achieve intraoperative bleeding score <3, bleeding rate and changes in cerebral regional oximetry. Results: A total of 105 patients were recruited, in which 88 were randomised. The median intraoperative bleeding score was similar (1, interquartile range: 1-1, p=0.69). The mean bleeding rate was lower in the MT group, although the difference was not significant (p=0.052, 95% CI 0 to 8.8). Hypotension, bradycardia and cerebral desaturation in the MT group were not observed compared to hypotension in 3 (7%), bradycardia in 18 (41%) and cerebral desaturation in 2 (5%) patients in the R group (p=0.241, p<0.001, p=0.474, respectively). Conclusion: Providing sufficient analgesia and eliminating stress response can provide stable heart rate and good surgical field with no need for additional hypotension. This normotensive technique may be useful in patients with stenotic arteries or ischaemic organ diseases

The protective effects of different treatments on rat salivary glands after radiotherapy

WOS: 000387700400056PubMed ID: 27324888This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of treatment modalities for minimizing salivary gland damage caused by radiotherapy. Forty rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 had no irradiation or any treatment. Group 2 underwent only 15 Gy single dose radiotherapy. N-acetylcysteine, dexamethasone, hyperbaric oxygen treatment were given, respectively to the group 3, 4 and 5 for 5 days. 15 Gy single dose radiotherapy was applied to the group 3, 4 and 5 on the second day. Pyknosis, lysis, and vacuolization were examined in ductal cells and pyknosis, lysis, vacuolization, inflammation and collective duct damage in acinar cells. Dexamethasone and hyperbaric oxygen did not prove to have a positive effect on acinar and ductal cell. N-acetylcysteine-applied group had statistically significantly lower amount of damage. We determined that the decrease of ductal and acinar cell damage in parotid glands of N-acetylcysteine-applied rats was more distinct and statistically

LABORATUVAR ÇALIŞANLARINDA İŞ DOYUMU VE TÜKENMİŞLİK: SAKARYA ve VAN ÖRNEKLEMİ

Özet Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, laboratuvar çalışanlarında mesleki tükenmişlik ve iş doyumu düzeylerini incelemektir.  Yöntem: Bu amaçla laboratuvarlarda çalışan ve katılımcı olmayı kabul eden toplam 118 (85 Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi laboratuvarları ve 33 Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Dursun Odabaş Tıp Merkezi laboratuvarları) laboratuvar çalışanına anket uygulandı.  Bulgular: Laboratuvar çalışanlarında MİDÖ değerlerinin ortalaması nötr puan olan 60'ın üzerindedir. Bu da iş doyumunun olduğunu göstermektedir. Maslach'ın tükenmişlik alt boyutları incelendiğinde ise; her üç alt boyut için de tükenmişlik düşük düzey aralığında tespit edildi.   Sonuç: Katılımcıların çalışma koşullarında olumsuz olarak nitelendirdiği özellikler tespit edilip iyileştirilmelidir. Ayrıca memnuniyetin arttırılması için de sosyal destek programlarının geliştirilip düzenli olarak uygulanması; laboratuvar personelinin tükenmişlik durumlarının iyileştirilmesi, iş doyumunun arttırılması, iş verimliliklerinin ve başarılarının arttırılması yönünden oldukça önemlidir

Magnetic Resonance Sialography Findings of Submandibular Ducts Imaging

Purpose. We aimed to assess the problem solving capability of magnetic resonance sialography (MR sialography), a noninvasive method for imaging submandibular gland ducts and determining duct-related pathologies, by comparing diseased and healthy cases. Materials and Methods. We conducted radiological assessment on a total of 60 submandibular glands (mean age 44.7) in 20 cases and 10 volunteers. MR sialography examinations were conducted with single-shot fast spin-echo sequence by using a surface coil placed on the submandibular gland. Each gland was evaluated in terms of the length, width and stricture of the main duct, as well as the difference between the intraparenchymal duct width, and the main duct width. Statistical analysis was performed. Results. In the MR sialography the primary duct mean length was determined as 51 mm (40–57 mm) in all submandibular glands. On the MR sialography imaging, the visualization ratio of the ductal system of submandibular gland was evaluated in the cases and volunteers. Conclusion. MR sialography is an effective and a noninvasive method in imaging submandibular gland ducts, demonstrating the presence, location and degree of stricture/dilatation, and elucidating the disease etiology