Relationship Between Women's Body Mass Index and Success Rate of in Vitro Fertilization

Background: Infertility considered a traumatic life event and   assisted reproductive technology is a revolution for infertility treatment, in vitro fertilization is one of the most common assisted reproductive technology procedures performed, there are so many factors that affect the success rate of in vitro fertilization. Body mass index is one of the controlled factors which affecting in vitro fertilization success. Aim The aim of this study was to explore the relation between maternal body mass index & in vitro fertilization success rate. Subject and methods: a descriptive correlational design conducted by prospectively investigating the in vitro fertilization cycles of 100 women they were within the age from 25 to 35 years who were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria in a private assisted reproductive technology clinic between 2015 and 2016. The women were classified into six groups based on their body mass index, i.e., under weight (n=5), normal weight (n=9), overweight (n=36), obese grade I (n=32), obese grade II (n=14), and obese grade III (n=4). Then, body mass index - and related variations in the in vitro fertilization cycle parameters and clinical pregnancy rates of women were investigated. T-test and analysis of variance One Way ANOVA test were used. For finding the differences between categorical data, nonparametric Chi-square (X2) test was used to determine whether there was a relation between body mass index and in vitro fertilization success rate. Results: Finding of the study show that the mean age is 29.75± 3.88 years. According to the classes of body mass index, 36% of women were overweight body mass index (25-29.9kg/m), 32% were grade I obesity body mass index (30-34.9kg/m), 9% normal weight body mass index (18.5-24.9kg/m), and 5% underweight body mass index ( less than18.9kg/m). Eighty-one percent of women had primary infertility. Variations in variables with body mass index showed that doses of drugs for ovulation induction were negatively affected by body mass index. Ovulation induction cycles were found to be negatively affected by body mass index. Chemical pregnancy rate was found to be negatively affected by body mass index. Higher implantation rate was associated with normal body weight .Clinical pregnancy rates were found to be lower in the obesity grade III than in the other groups. Conclusion: The present study evaluated the relation between body mass index and in vitro fertilization success rates according to their body mass index groups, the clinical pregnancy rates were observed to be lower in the obesity grade III than in the other body mass index groups. Recommendations: Provide women undergoing in vitro fertilization process with a counseling program or teaching class about factors affecting the success of the procedure, administration of medication and follow up. Keywords:Body mass index, success rate, in vitro fertilization

Taţwîr Mãddatin Nahwi al ‘Arabî min Khilãli an Nushûsh al Qur’ãnîyah Litarqiyati Mahãrõtil I’rõb ladã Thullãbi Ma’had al Aîmah al ‘Ãlî al Islãmî bi Malang: Development of Nahwu Material Using the Texts of Al-Qur'an to Improve I'rab Skills for Students of Ma'had 'Ali al-Aimmah Malang

There are problems experienced by students in learning Arabic, especially Nahwu and I'rab skills. This study aims to (1) develop Nahwu material using Qur'anic texts to improve the I'rab skills of students of Ma'had al-Aimmah al-‘Ali Malang, (2) determine the feasibility of the developed Arabic Nahwu material, and (3) measure the effectiveness of the application of the developed material. This study was research and development and analyzed using the five steps of ADDIE; analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Qualitative data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation, while quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire. The results of this study were 1) Nahwu material was developed based on the analysis of student needs to relate Nahwu material to the Qur'anic text. The material was designed using several selected Qur'anic texts, consisting of ten lessons. Each lesson came with objectives, content, exercises, and evaluations. The product was evaluated twice, before and after application. 2) The material developed is valid for testing, according to experts' evaluation of the material categorized as very good. 3) After the material was tested on students, it was effective in improving I'rab skills. Finally, the Arabic Nahwu materials development through the Qur'anic texts achieved the outstanding results obtained by students through the application of the developed materials, namely: improvement of I'rab skills, ease of memorizing the Qur'an, and language understanding