The contingent factors that affect the use of performance measurement systems in the Egyptian medium and large sized manufacturing companies

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Performance evaluation of dynamic source routing protocol with variation in transmission power and speed

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a set of mobile wireless nodes (devices) which is not rely on a fixed infrastructure. In MANETs, each device is responsible for routing its data according to a specific routing protocol. The three most common MANET routing protocols are: dynamic source routing protocol (DSR), optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR), and ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV). This paper proposes an efficient evaluation of DSR protocol by testing the MANETs routing protocol with variation in transmission power at different speeds. The performance analysis has been given using optimized network engineering tools (OPNET) modeler simulations and evaluated using metrics of average end to end delay and throughput. The results show that the throughput increases as the transmission power increases up to a certain value after which the throughput decreases, also the network work optimally at a certain transmission power which varied at different speed

Improving Urban Regulations to Raise the City’s Green Area Rates to Achieve Quality of Life Standards

Open and green spaces are comfort elements and the necessary essential landscapes to improve the urbantissue and promote the urban environment of the city. This increases the level of welfare and contributes to the economic and aesthetic value of the city to achieve the quality of life standards. The Urban Regulations represent the cornerstone which help in reformation of a distinguished urban environment. The urban environment is planned through two important elements: buildings (residential –services) and spaces (public –streets –green). The Urban Regulations of the city are the mail element of planning buildings and system of public spaces, which determined the green spaces of the city, whether horizontal represented in (gardens and parks, green spaces, and green spaces in roads, routes and spaces) or vertical represented in (green spaces on building roofs, and vertical spaces on building façades). Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current Urban Regulations of construction in some Arab countries to plan a green urban as one of the regulations of the regulations of quality of life standards. This is the research objective

Urban Structure Transformation between the Role of Urban Planning Methods and Real Estate Market Force – Case Study: the New Millennial Cities in Egypt

Over the past forty years, many new cities have emerged in Egypt, including millennial cities. It noted that there are many urban changes in these cities since the beginning of their inception until now. Includes city area, patterns, characteristics, rates and percentages of land uses within the city, the decrease or increase of some elements ratios, disappearing of other uses, in addition to transfer of some uses from its usual place to another inside the city. Many reasons have led to these changes as: the change of housing policies especially that deals with systems of subsidization, emerging of new housing patterns and models, and the strong participation of private sector in development of cities and residential areas. The research aims to monitor the changes and urban transformations occurring within the major millennial cities within Greater Cairo region in Egypt since the beginning of its inception at late 1970th up to now, studying the different reasons that led to these changes, then deriving some indicators and set guide lines and put foundations and standards that Helps to develop urban planning of major new cities structure in Egypt

Estimating the Number of Patents in the World Using Count Panel Data Models

In this paper, we review some estimators of count regression (Poisson and negative binomial) models in panel data modeling. These estimators based on the type of the panel data model (the model with fixed or random effects). Moreover, we study and compare the performance of these estimators based on a real dataset application. In our application, we study the effect of some economic variables on the number of patents for seventeen high-income countries in the world over the period from 2005 to 2016. The results indicate that the negative binomial model with fixed effects is the better and suitable for data, and the important (statistically significant) variables that effect on the number of patents in high-income countries are research and development (R&D) expenditures and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita

Recent Modalities in Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Review Article

Background: Inflammation of the skin marked by itchy, pigmented, dry areas is known as Atopic Dermatitis (AD), also known as Atopic Eczema (AE) or Eczema. Symptoms include red, itchy pimples that leak fluid and crust, scaly or raw skin, or raw or scaly skin. Dermatitis can come in many different forms, such as atopic, contact, or seborrheic. In children, atopic dermatitis is the most prevalent kind of eczema and often occurs in association with other allergic or asthmatic conditions. Eczema is most commonly found on the face, neck, elbows, knees, and toes, among other places. In terms of phototherapy, ultraviolet B phototherapy (280–320 nm) is the "oldest" method that is used in treatment of atopic dermatitis. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection utilizes the body's own regenerative mechanisms to help treat disease in the patient. Objective: Determination of the updated treatment modalities in Atopic Dermatitis management. Conclusion: Clearly there remains a need to find more potent topical agents with fewer side effects. The most gratifying advances in AD therapy have come from better understanding of immune and inflammatory mechanisms

The Impact of Green Infrastructure on Urban Heat Island Phenomenon in Existing Cities

Rapid urbanization and overpopulation, along with a lack of green space, led to an increase in air temperature, lowering the rate of thermal comfort in dense urban areas, decreasing air quality, and increasing the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, particularly in existing cities. As a result, the research aims to reduce the UHI effect and improve the thermal performance of existing Egyptian cities by adopting green infrastructure (GI) principles and demonstrating their effectiveness on the UHI phenomenon. This research concentrates on the UHI phenomenon as one of the environmental issues facing urbanization and includes a review of green infrastructure (GI) as one of its mitigation strategies. In addition to analysing different existing urban neighbourhoods that used green infrastructure (GI) in their urban design to evaluate its effectiveness on urban thermal performance, The research also includes an applied study for one of the areas of the city of Mahalla Al-Kubra, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt, in which different green infrastructure (GI) scenarios are studied and analysed using the environmental simulation program ENVI-met to identify their effect on thermal performance by analysing the air temperature, mean radiant temperature (MRT) and the predicted mean vote (PMV), which affect the UHI phenomenon

THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND VISCOUS DISSIPATION ON MHD CONVECTION FLOW FROM AN ISOTHERMAL HORIZONTAL CIRCULAR CYLINDER IN THE PRESENCE OF STRESS WORK AND HEAT GENERATION

Temperature dependent viscosity and Viscous Dissipation effects are considered on hydromagnetic natural convection flow from horizontal circular cylinder immersed in an electrically conducting fluid with viscosity proportional to a linear function of temperature in the presence of stress work and heat generation. The partial differential governing equations are transformed to dimensionless forms. The numerical computations are carried out for several values of physical parameters involved in the transformed equations. The resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations is solved numerically by Keller box method which is an implicit finite difference technique with Newton's linearization method. The features of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for different values of the governing parameters are analyzed and discussed. To support the accuracy of the numerical results, a comparison is made with known results from the open literature for some particular cases of the present study and the results are found to be in good agreement

Redo in Thyroid Surgeries

Background: Revision of thyroid surgery is usually technically difficult because of anatomical changes and subsequent fibrosis after the primary surgery especially in the central neck. However, with experience and appropriate preparation, the risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after revision surgery is reduced. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the causes of redo in thyroid surgeries, operative difficulties and postoperative complications. Patients and Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study included a total of 60 patients with primary total thyroidectomy and redo surgery, attending at Endocrine Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, and Mansoura University Hospitals. This study was conducted between February 2018 and January 2019. The included subjects were randomly divided into three main groups: Group 1 (primary total thyroidectomy) consisted of 20 patients underwent total thyroidectomy, Group 2 (early redo surgery) consisted of 20 patients underwent completion thyroidectomy, and Group 3 (late redo surgery) consisted of 20 patients underwent recurrent thyroidectomy. Results: Compared to total thyroidectomy, early and late redo in thyroid surgeries gave better results regarding the recurrence and complications, which occurred in no one case 1 year later. Conclusion: From this study it is shown that total thyroidectomy is advised to be done in all patients with thyroid diseases as there were no recurrence detected and to avoid complications that may be present in redo surgery. To guard against performance of completion thyroidectomy, ultrasound examination and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) should be taken from different sites