Semi-analytical description of the modulator section of the coherent electron cooling

In the coherent electron cooling, the modern hadron beam cooling technique, each hadron receives an individual kick from the electric field of the amplified electron density perturbation created in the modulator by this hadron in a co-propagating electron beam. We developed a method for computing the dynamics of these density perturbations in an infinite electron plasma with any equilibrium velocity distribution -- a possible model for the modulator. We derived analytical expressions for the dynamics of the density perturbations in the Fourier-Laplace domain for a variety of 1D, 2D, and 3D equilibrium distributions of the electron beam. To obtain the space-time dynamics, we employed the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. We also found an analytical solution in the space-time domain for the 1D Cauchy equilibrium distribution, which serves as a benchmark for our general approach based on numerical evaluation of the integral transforms and as a fast alternative to the numerical computations. We tested the method for various distributions and initial conditions.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Establishing a start-up e-commerce company in Finland

The thesis describes the entire process of establishing an enterprise in Finland. It is based on e-commerce company, which was established in July, 2011. Each chapter of the thesis contains theoretical and practical part to give overall picture of the enterprise and its main business processes. All chapters are based on student’s own business experience as well as knowledge gained from the universtiy. Thesis contains common issues for all enterprises such as registration, licensing, taxation, funding, and bookkeeping. The information collected in those chapters is suitable for everyone, who decided to become an entrepreneur in Finland. There are project specific chapters as well in the thesis, which describe business organization of the e-commerce company, its supply chain, logistics, and e-commerce issues. The business plan of the company is presented in the thesis, and it provides additional information about company’s future goals and objectives. The thesis work is performed for defining the company’s weaknesses and lacks in business processes by describing the entire start up process from the beginning and analyzing various aspects of the enterprise. The lacks found in the company’s functioning are to be eliminated and growth possibilities are to be implemented in the enterprise after the thesis work has been done. The thesis work also summarizes studying process in the university and combines valuable information about doing business in Finland

Disproportions in the investment sphere and spatial-economic imbalance in Russia: a political-economic analysis

Since the beginning of the twentieth century processes of centralization of economic and political power into the hands of the 'nomenklatura' have been taking place in Russia while in the Western capitalist countries the process of decentralization of power has accompanied economic development. The centralization of power during the Soviet period led to the deformation of horizontal and the strengthening of vertical relations, which today still determines the imbalanced economic development of Russia. One of the main characteristics of the deformation processes that have been taking place in the economy is the redistribution of investment resources in favour of the largest economic and political centers in Russia. The aim of this research is to show which of the following features are the main indicators of centralization of investment resources: The formation of polarized structure of society (very small stratum of middle-class representatives), the formation of extremely imbalanced banking sector: Moscow financial-industrial groups play the key role, while the regional financial institutions are very weak, Development of Russian regions is primarily local, not global. The centralization of investment resources and the formation of elites are interrelated processes. That is why in our research we pay much attention to the processes of emergence and development of central and regional elites. These processes have greatly influenced the deformation of economic structure, disturbances in the process of redistribution of private ownership (the so-called process of 'nomenklatura privatization'), and in investment processes. The clan-corporate structures formed on federal and regional levels prevent Westernized market transformation. It is therefore necessary that the economy reorganizations should be taken simultaneously with the change in the hierarchic structures of political power. For a more even and better targeted distribute of investment resources and to counter spatial-economic imbalances, it is necessary to eliminate the old system of branch and regional clan-corporative structures.

表紙、執筆者紹介、奥付、裏表紙

The lift/drag ratio of an airfoil placed in an incompressible attached flow is maximized taking into account the viscosity in the boundary-layer approximation. An exact solution is constructed. The situation when the resulting solutions are not in the admissible class of univalent flows is discussed. A procedure is proposed for determining physically feasible airfoils (with a univalent flow region) with a high lift/drag ratio. For this purpose, a class of airfoils is constructed that are determined by a twoparameter function approximating the found exact solution to the variational problem. For this class, the ranges of free parameters leading to physically feasible flows are found. The results are verified by computing a turbulent boundary layer using Eppler's method, and airfoils with a high lift/drag ratio in an attached flow are detected. © 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Formal classification of unipotent parameterized diffeomorphisms

We provide a complete system of invariants for the formal classification of complex analytic unipotent germs of diffeomorphism at \cn{n} fixing the orbits of a regular vector field. We reduce the formal classification problem to solve a linear differential equation. Then we describe the formal invariants; their nature depends on the position of the fixed points set $Fix \phi$ with respect to the regular vector field preserved by $\phi$. We get invariants specifically attached to higher dimension ($n \geq 3$) although generically they are analogous to the one-dimensional ones.Comment: 35 page

Global rigidity of solvable group actions on S^1

In this paper we find all solvable subgroups of Diff^omega(S^1) and classify their actions. We also investigate the C^r local rigidity of actions of the solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups on the circle. The investigation leads to two novel phenomena in the study of infinite group actions on compact manifolds. We exhibit a finitely generated group Gamma and a manifold M such that: * Gamma has exactly countably infinitely many effective real-analytic actions on M, up to conjugacy in Diff^omega(M); * every effective, real analytic action of Gamma on M is C^r locally rigid, for some r>=3, and for every such r, there are infinitely many nonconjugate, effective real-analytic actions of Gamma on M that are C^r locally rigid, but not C^(r-1) locally rigid.Comment: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol8/paper23.abs.htm

Maximizing the lift-drag ratio of wing airfoils with a turbulent boundary layer: Exact solutions and approximations

Exact solutions and approximations for maximizing the lift-drag ratio of wing airfoils with a turbulent boundary layer is discussed. The employment of the inviscid incompressible-fluid and boundary-layer models enables to write the optimized functional and the optimization constraints in the explicit form. The need of the smooth and separationless flow is a necessary assumption in the formulation of the problem. The consideration of the fact that the calculation of the whole layer as fully turbulent yields more reliable values of the airfoil loss coefficients, with the consideration of the fully turbulent flow around the airfoil. The wing airfoil shape is also numerically optimized to obtain the global maximum of the lift-drag ratio under the conditions of the absence of turbulent boundary layer-separation and the airfoil contour simplicity

Flow optimization study of a batch microfluidics PET tracer synthesizing device.

We present numerical modeling and experimental studies of flow optimization inside a batch microfluidic micro-reactor used for synthesis of human-scale doses of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) tracers. Novel techniques are used for mixing within, and eluting liquid out of, the coin-shaped reaction chamber. Numerical solutions of the general incompressible Navier Stokes equations along with time-dependent elution scalar field equation for the three dimensional coin-shaped geometry were obtained and validated using fluorescence imaging analysis techniques. Utilizing the approach presented in this work, we were able to identify optimized geometrical and operational conditions for the micro-reactor in the absence of radioactive material commonly used in PET related tracer production platforms as well as evaluate the designed and fabricated micro-reactor using numerical and experimental validations