ANÁLISE DE IMPACTOS ATMOSFÉRICOS GERADOS DURANTE A OBRA BRT (BUS RAPID TRANSIT) NA AVENIDA AUGUSTO MONTENEGRO, BELÉM-PA

The city of Belém is experiencing a troubled period with ineff ective measures to reduce traffi c, causing congestion on several routes in the city and generating an accumulation of pollutants that harm both human health and the environment. This study aimed to analyze the atmospheric impacts generated during the BRT project, which consists of a public transport system with an exclusive segregated road for its use. It is of great importance to understand the impacts caused on a work that aff ects the daily lives of a large part of the population, whether positive or negative. There was a collection of information on pollutants and adversities resulting from his work in one of the busiest avenues in the municipality, Augusto Montenegro, in diff erent periods of the year 2016: rainy, in April, and drought, in November a comparison was made between the periods analyzed and it can be seen that, despite the data proving to be inadequate to health in both periods, there was a positive progress in the data collected from the work in its most advanced phase, concluding that, despite the various irregularities and interruptions of the project , the proper management of a work of this size can alleviate the problems related to air pollution.A cidade de Belém vive um período conturbado com as medidas pouco eficazes para reduzir o tráfego. Ocasionando congestionamentos em diversas rotas da cidade. Gerando um acúmulo de poluentes que prejudicam tanto a saúde humana, quanto a saúde do meio ambiente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os impactos gerados pelo projeto tomado como solução para esta eventualidade; o BRT. É de grande importância entender e compreender os impactos causados em uma obra que afeta o cotidiano de grande parte da população, sejam eles positivos ou negativos. O BRT consiste em um sistema de transporte público com uma via segregada exclusiva para seu uso. Houve uma coleta de informações sobre poluentes e adversidades resultantes de sua construção em períodos diferentes do ano de 2016, consistindo no período chuvoso em abril e no período de seca em novembro, numa das avenidas mais movimentadas do município, a Augusto Montenegro. Havendo então uma comparação sobre como os dados do projeto diferem um do outro nas épocas coletadas, percebe-se que apesar dos números prejudiciais coletados em ambos os períodos, houve um progresso nos dados coletados da obra em sua fase mais avançada. Concluindo-se que apesar das diversas irregularidades e interrupções do projeto, se for efetuado de maneira correta, amenizará as problemáticas encontradas no ponto de estudo

Melhoria do processo produtivo de uma empresa do setor Oleiro- Cerâmico por meio da utilização de técnicas de produção enxuta e de avaliação de impactos ambientais / Improvement of the production process of a company in the Pottery-Ceramic sector through the use of lean production techniques and evaluation of environmental impacts

No estado do Pará, as empresas do segmento oleiro-cerâmico desenvolvem um papel importante na distribuição de renda e na absorção de mão-de-obra, entretanto, estas empresas não tiveram acompanhamento nos aspectos organizacional, tecnológico e ambiental. Esta produção contempla elevados níveis de desperdício, além de impactos ambientais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é otimizar o processo produtivo de uma empresa do setor oleiro-cerâmico por meio da utilização de técnicas de produção enxuta, de avaliação de impactos ambientais e de segurança. Para atingir este objetivo, foram utilizadas checklists, realizadas observações “in loco” e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados mostram que a empresa possui pontos críticos em seu processo produtivo, tais como a superprodução. Entende-se que, adotando o modelo Toyota de produção elencado às técnicas de avaliação de impactos ambientais  e  de segurança, a empresa aperfeiçoará sua produção, adequando-se aos preceitos ambientais, de segurança, e conseqüentemente, tornar-se-á mais competitiva no mercado

Ações de Terapia Ocupacional no território da cultura: a experiência de cooperação entre o Museu de Arte Contemporânea da USP (MAC USP) e o Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas Arte e Corpo em Terapia Ocupacional

This article's aim is to report a collaborative experience, started in 1996, between the Laboratory of Studies and Research in Art, Body and Occupation Therapy and the Museum of Contemporary Art of USP (MAC USP), by focusing on some actions and their unfolding for the construction of Occupational Therapy practices in the cultural field. For 10 years, joint actions in teaching, researching and extending services to the community were developed. The experience made it possible to follow up groups of elderly people and people in vulnerability, in proposals that articulate doing art, appreciate and contextualize artistic practices in art history. It made possible, also, deepen studies on contemporary art and the comprehension of occupational therapists' role to build up the access of vulnerable populations to the artistic-cultural field.Este trabalho se propõe a relatar a experiência de colaboração entre o Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas Arte e Corpo em Terapia Ocupacional e o Museu de Arte Contemporânea da USP (MAC USP), que teve início em 1996, focalizando algumas ações significativas e seus desdobramentos para a construção de práticas de Terapia Ocupacional no campo cultural. Durante mais de 10 anos foram desenvolvidas ações conjuntas nas esferas do ensino, da pesquisa e da extensão de serviços à comunidade. A experiência possibilitou o acompanhamento de grupos de idosos e pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade, em propostas que compreendem o fazer artístico, a apreciação e a contextualização de práticas estéticas na história da arte; propiciou, também, o aprofundamento de estudos sobre arte contemporânea e a compreensão do papel do terapeuta ocupacional na construção de acesso para populações vulneráveis ao campo artístico-cultural

VARIABILIDADE CLIMÁTICA DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NA BACIA AMAZÔNICA BRASILEIRA

O objetivo geral deste estudo é avaliar a variabilidade temporal e espacial da precipitação na Bacia Amazônica brasileira, analisando a relação com eventos extremos, El Niño e La Niña, que são variações de temperatura associadas à dinâmica do Oceano Pacífico, e qual a influência a partir da intensidade dos mesmos, além da variação climatológica ao longo do período de 1982-2012. A importância desse estudo deve-se ao fato que a Região Amazônia comporta a maior florestal tropical e a maior bacia hidrográfica do mundo, suprindo as necessidades de umidade do resto do pais. Contudo o desmatamento da floresta e a ocorrência dos eventos extremos modificam o regime de precipitação. Nesse estudo foram utilizadas 224 estações pluviométricas em 8 sub-bacias, a do rio Solimões, Negro, Trombetas, Jari, Purus, Madeira, Tapajós e Xingu. Os resultados mostram o semestre mais chuvoso (novembro a abril) com aproximadamente 69% de toda a precipitação anual e, portanto, no semestre mais seco (maio a outubro) com apenas 31% da precipitação anual, o que indica estações distintas e bem acentuadas. Entretanto há variações do regime de precipitação entre as sub-bacias, sendo que as maiores variações sazonais da precipitação ocorrem na bacia do Solimões e na sub-bacia do Jari, cujas amplitudes anuais são respectivamente 362,95 e 323,39 mm. Os eventos extremos de precipitação, provocados pelos fenômenos El Niño e La Niña, afetam a bacia Amazônica de forma diferenciada nas sub-bacias, como observado no evento de El Niño de forte intensidade do ano de 1983, onde em 90% das sub-bacias (Purus, Madeira, Tapajós, Xingu, Negro, Trombetas e Jari), apresentaram elevadas anomalias negativas estremas, isto é, precipitações muito abaixo do normal e a do Solimões não apresentou extremos, porém apresentou precipitação normalizada abaixo da média

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Contribuições das sub-bacias para vazão do rio Amazonas e riscos socioambientais associados a eventos hidrológicos extremos

The Amazon Basin is constantly affected by episodes of drought and floods during phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña, in addition to Multidecadal Atlantic Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the Intertropical Convergence Zone and the South Atlantic Convergence Zone. These extremes precipitation cause severe changes in the flow and precipitation of the rivers of several sub -basins in temporal and spatial scale. In the Pacific Ocean the phenomena of El Niño and La Niña are the main mechanisms of interannual and decadal oscillations, causing extreme hydrometeorological in the Amazon, both temporal and spatial scale. Spatial variations of hydrological regimes of the Amazon tributaries show that during the occurrence of seasonal peak flows in the left margin of the tributaries are offset by the decrease of flow of the tributaries of the right bank . Thus, the length of the left bank of rainfall is behind two months of the rainy season on the right bank. In addition to this variation the hydrometeorological extremes cause environmental, social and economic to the population, especially those with high vulnerability. The objective of this work is to study the hydrometeorological regime and the water balance of the Amazon Basin, determining its role in the return flow of the Amazon River to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the socioeconomic and environmental risks associated with hydrometeorological events. For this we used monthly and annual data flow and precipitation in the period 1982-2012 (31 years) along the main Amazon river channel and 8 sub-basins, as well as an analysis of social and economic risks was made in municipalities of the Amazon basin. The precipitation trends over the study period were negative, in the southwestern part (Purus) and central (Madeira) of the Amazon Basin, and positive on the east side (Tapajós and Xingu). The Amazon Southwest sub-basins were negative extremes and extreme events (El Niño) throughout the study period. It is concluded that the flow in the channel of the main river in the Amazon basin depends on variations in the tributaries of the right and left bank. Seasonality is influenced in the dry season by the tributaries of the right bank , for matching the negative trend over the period studied , and the rainy season is influenced by the tributaries of the left bank . All these fluviometric variabilities cause risks to the population. Thus, it can be said that the socioeconomic and environmental risk is more dangerous during flood events, particularly in states with smaller spatial scale (Rondônia and Roraima) , and greater vulnerability occurs in states with higher spatial scale (Pará and Amazonas) this can be explained by the lack of public policy.A Bacia Amazônica é constantemente afetada por episódios de secas e cheias durante fenômenos tais como El Niño e La Niña, além da Oscilação Multidecadal do Atlântico, Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico, a Zona de Convergência Intertropical e Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul. Esses extremos de precipitação causam mudanças severas no escoamento e precipitação dos rios de várias sub-bacias em escala temporal e especial. No Oceano Pacifico os fenômenos do El Niño e La Niña são os principais mecanismos de oscilações interanuais e decadais, causando extremos hidrometeorológicos na Amazônia, tanto em escala temporal quanto espacial. As variações espaciais dos regimes hidrológicos dos afluentes do Amazonas mostram que durante a ocorrência de vazões máximas sazonais nos afluentes da margem esquerda são compensadas pela queda de vazão dos afluentes da margem direita. Assim, o período de chuvas da margem esquerda está defasado em dois meses do período chuvoso da margem direita. Além dessa variação os extremos hidrometeorológicos causam impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos à população, principalmente àquelas com alta vulnerabilidade. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é estudar o regime hidrometeorológicos e o balanço hídrico da Bacia Amazônica, determinando o seu papel para a vazão de retorno do rio Amazonas ao Oceano Atlântico, Assim, como os riscos socioeconômicos e ambientais provocados pelos eventos hidrometeorológicos. Para isso foram utilizados dados mensais e anuais de vazão e precipitação no período de 1982 a 2012 (31 anos) ao longo da calha principal do rio Amazonas e em 8 sub-bacias, bem como, foi feita uma análise de riscos sociais e econômicos nos municípios da bacia Amazônica. As tendências de precipitação ao longo do período estudado foram negativas, na parte sudoeste (Purus) e central (Madeira) da Bacia Amazônica, e positivas na parte leste (Tapajós e Xingu). As sub-bacias do sudoeste da Amazônia apresentaram eventos extremos e muito extremos negativos (El Niño) em todo o período estudado. Conclui-se que a vazão na calha do rio principal da bacia Amazônica depende das variações nos afluentes da margem direita e esquerda. A sazonalidade é influenciada na época seca pelos afluentes da margem direita, pois coincidem na tendência negativa ao longo do período estudado, e na época chuvosa é influenciada pelos afluentes da margem esquerda. Todas essas variabilidades fluviométricas, causam riscos a população. Assim, pode-se afirmar que o risco socioeconômico ambiental é mais perigoso durante os eventos de cheia, principalmente nos Estados com escala espacial menor (Rondônia e Roraima), e a maior vulnerabilidade ocorre nos Estados com maior escala espacial (Pará e Amazonas), isto pode ser explicado pela falta de políticas públicas

Challenges to Promoting Resilience in Supply Chains Observed during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study of the Amazon Region Using the TOPSIS Technique

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has moved the world in every way, directly impacting supply chains globally and bringing major challenges to management, decision-makers, and companies of all sizes and sectors. This intensifies when it comes to the Brazilian Amazon region, a place that historically already lives with several maintenance projects focused on supply chain management (SCM). Methods: Thus, this research aimed to understand the main challenges faced by professionals in the supply chain area in the Amazon region through the development of a survey with professionals in the area. This study conducted a structured questionnaire containing 10 challenges related to SCM during the pandemic period to generate a ranking of these challenges using data analysis using means and comparative ordering using the TOPSIS Multicriteria Technique. Results: It was observed that the most relevant challenges for companies in this region were, respectively, distribution, economic problems, and interruptions in supply and demand. These obstacles promote debates with the literature and foster the expansion of knowledge about the insertion of resilience elements in supply chains in the Amazon. Conclusions: From a theoretical point of view and because it is exploratory research, the results serve as a basis for researchers in the area who aim to understand and expand the debates on this topic through future research. From a practical point of view, the results can help supply chain managers in the Amazon region who work directly in its maintenance and aim to maintain its resilience, since they already have the main challenges for the proper functioning of supply chains identified and ranked. Because it is an exploratory study, the results achieved can contribute significantly to the expansion of debates in the area and in a practical way with managers involved in activities that compose supply chains

Purification and enzymatic characterization of a novel metalloprotease from Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom

Abstract Background Lachesis muta rhombeata (Lmr) is the largest venomous snake in Latin America and its venom contains mainly enzymatic components, such as serine and metalloproteases, L-amino acid oxidase and phospholipases A2. Metalloproteases comprise a large group of zinc-dependent proteases that cleave basement membrane components such as fibronectin, laminin and collagen type IV. These enzymes are responsible for local and systemic changes, including haemorrhage, myonecrosis and inflammation. This study aimed the isolation and enzymatic characterization of the first metalloprotease (Lmr-MP) from Lmr venom (LmrV). Methods and results Lmr-MP was purified through two chromatographic steps and submitted to enzymatic characterization. It showed proteolytic activity on azocasein with maximum activity at pH 7.0–9.0. It was inhibited by EDTA (a metal chelator that removes zinc, which is essential for enzymatic activity) and no effect was observed with PMSF, iodoacetic acid or pepstatin (inhibitors of serine, cysteine and aspartyl proteases, respectively). Ca2+, Mg2+ and Ba2+ ions increased its activity, while Al3+, Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ inhibited it. Additionally, ZnCl2 showed a dose dependent inhibition of the enzyme. Lmr-MP activity was also evaluated upon chromogenic substrates for plasma kallikrein (S-2302), plasmin and streptokinase-activated plasminogen (S-2251) and Factor Xa (S-2222) showing the highest activity on S-2302. The activity in different solutions (5 mM or 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate, pH 7.8; 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid + 50% acetonitrile; phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4; 50 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.0 or ammonium acetate pH 4.5) was also evaluated and the results showed that its activity was abolished at acidic pHs. Its molecular mass (22,858 Da) was determined by MALDI-TOF and about 90% of its primary structure was verified by high-resolution mass spectrometry using HCD and ETD fragmentations and database search against the sequence of closely related species. It is a novel enzyme which shared high identity with other snake venom metalloproteases (svMPs) belonging to the P-I group. Conclusion The purification procedure achieved a novel pure highly active metalloprotease from LmrV. This new molecule can help to understand the metalloproteases mechanisms of action, the Lachesis envenoming, as well as to open new perspectives for its use as therapeutic tools