Perfil de resistencia de las bacterias aisladas de hemocultivos en un Hospital General

OBJETIVO: Describir el perfil de resistencia de las bacterias aisladas en hemocultivos realizados en los servicios de Medicina, Cirugía y Ginecología. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo sobre una base de datos registrando los aislamientos y el perfil de resistencia de los gérmenes aislados en los hemocultivos tomados por el Laboratorio Central del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia durante el año 2004. RESULTADOS: De 102 hemocultivos positivos, en población adulta, se aisló: S. epidermidis (42,72%), S. aureus (22,33%), S. saprophyticus (6,80%), Candida sp. (5,83%) y E. coli (3,88%). Se halló por lo menos un 20% de resistencia a las cefalosporinas en las cuatro bacterias más frecuentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Las bacterias más frecuentemente aisladas en los hemocultivos fueron cocos gram positivos con alta resistencia a oxacilina, alta sensibilidad a vancomicina y alta resistencia a las cefalosporinas que fueron los antibióticos más usados

Requisitos de un Sistema de Información para Gestión de Patrimonio

[ES] El área del Patrimonio Cultural ha tenido un gran avance en los últimos años. Actualmente se están desarrollando nuevas métodos y herramientas como consecuencia del traspaso de conocimiento que se está produciendo. Una de estas posibilidades es la de crear un sistema para Patrimonio Cultural con las ventajas de un Sistema de Información Geográfica. Las dificultades no son nimias, consistiendo el primer paso en crear un marco de requerimientos comunes para las múltiples necesidades que se pueden presentar. En este trabajo presentamos un conjunto de requerimientos que cumple dicho objetivo, obtenido a partir del estudio de las necesidades de varios equipos de restauradores y profesionales del Patrimonio Histórico.[EN] Cultural Heritage has had a great development in recent years. Currently, new tools are being developed as a result of transferring knowledge between areas. One of these possibilities is to create a system for Cultural Heritage with the advantages of Geographic Information System. The difficulties are not trivial, being the first step to create a framework of common requirements for the multiple needs that may arise. We present a set of requirements that provide that objective, obtained from the study of the needs of various restoration and Cultural Heritage professional teams.Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por la Consejería de Innovación Ciencia y Empresa de la Junta de Andalucía a través del proyecto de excelencia PE09-TIC-5276Luzón, MV.; Martín Perandrés, D.; Arroyo, G.; López Rodríguez, JR.; Herce Fimia, J.; Izquierdo De Montes, R.; Jiménez Sancho, Á.... (2012). Requisitos de un Sistema de Información para Gestión de Patrimonio. Virtual Archaeology Review. 3(5):43-47. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2012.4498OJS434735AGNELLO, F. et al. (2003): "Cultural heritage and information systems, an investigation into a dedicated hypertext". The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 34, 5.CIGNONI, P. et al. (2008): "Meshlab: an open-source mesh processing tool". En Sixth Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference, pp. 129-136.CIGNONI, P. et al. (2008): "Meshlab: an open-source 3D mesh processing system". ERCIM News, 73, pp. 45-46.HODAČ, J. (2005): "3D information system of historical site. Proposal and Realisation of a Functional Prototype". Acta Polytechnica 45, 1.IOANNIDIS, C. et al. (2003): "An integrated spatial information system for the development of the archaeological site of mycenae". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 34, 5.LAMOLDA, F. et al. (2008): "Registro mediante la utilizacion de escaner 3D del estado previo a la intervencion de la fuente de los leones". En Taller en el IX Congreso Internacional de Rahabilitacion del Patrimonio Arquitectonico y Edificacion - Sevilla, Espana.MEYER, E. et al. (2006): "Intrasite level cultural heritage documentation: Combination of survey, modeling and imagery data in a web information system". En 7th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage.MEYER, E. et al. (2007): "A web information system for the management and the dissemination of cultural heritage data". Journal of Cultural Heritage 8, pp. 396-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2007.07.003NAGLIČ, K. (2003): "Cultural heritage information system in the republic of Slovenia". En ARIADNE 5 Workshop on Documentation, Interpretation, Presentation and Publication of Cultural Heritage. Prague.TORRES, J.C. et al. (2007): "Generacion automatizada de modelado 3D para difusion y documentacion del patrimonio historico". En I Simposium de Informatica Grafica e Patrimonio Historico, La Coruna, pp. 111-120.VLC: VISUAL COMPUTING LAB. http://vcg.isti.cnr.it

Transcriptomics reveals a distinct metabolic profile in T cells from severe allergic asthmatic patients

The reasons behind the onset and continuation of chronic inflammation in individuals with severe allergies are still not understood. Earlier findings indicated that there is a connection between severe allergic inflammation, systemic metabolic alterations and impairment of regulatory functions. Here, we aimed to identify transcriptomic alterations in T cells associated with the degree of severity in allergic asthmatic patients. T cells were isolated from severe (n = 7) and mild (n = 9) allergic asthmatic patients, and control (non-allergic, non-asthmatic healthy) subjects (n = 8) to perform RNA analysis by Affymetrix gene expression. Compromised biological pathways in the severe phenotype were identified using significant transcripts. T cells' transcriptome of severe allergic asthmatic patients was distinct from that of mild and control subjects. A higher count of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was observed in the group of individuals with severe allergic asthma vs. control (4,924 genes) and vs. mild (4,232 genes) groups. Mild group also had 1,102 DEGs vs. controls. Pathway analysis revealed alterations in metabolism and immune response in the severe phenotype. Severe allergic asthmatic patients presented downregulation in genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis together with increased expression of genes coding inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-19, IL-23A and IL-31). Moreover, the downregulation of genes involved in TGFβ pathway together with a decreased tendency on the percentage of T regulatory cell (CD4 + CD25+), suggest a compromised regulatory function in severe allergic asthmatic patients. This study demonstrates a transcriptional downregulation of metabolic and cell signalling pathways in T cells of severe allergic asthmatic patients associated with diminished regulatory T cell function. These findings support a link between energy metabolism of T cells and allergic asthmatic inflammation

Marco activo de recursos de innovación docente: Madrid

Una guía de espacios e instituciones para actividades educativas complementarias en enseñanza secundaria y Formación Profesional

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Identification of peach accessions stability and adaptability in non-balanced trials through years

Identification of genotypes with acceptable yield and yield stability in different environments is an important issue in plant breeding. Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) can alter genotypes performances making the selection of superior material a tedious task for breeders. Consequently, it is necessary to assess the usefulness of different available methods and identify the most suitable for understanding GEI. The objectives of this work were to compare three methods to study genotype stability considering incomplete data sets: (i) Di Rienzo, Guzmán and Casanoves' test (DGC), (ii) relative yield (RY) and (iii) Piepho's method. In addition, AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction) analysis and eight AMMI stability measures SIPC, EV, ASV, Da, FP, B, FA and Za were computed to explore their advantages and disadvantages to select stable entries. The usefulness of the genotype selection index (GSI) and the rank-sum (RS) procedures to identify stable and high-yielding genotypes were evaluated and then compared with the superiority (P) and reliability indexes (I). The association between yield variation and climatic factors as frosts, chilling, heat, rainfall and the interactions among them were also analyzed. 29 peach entries were assessed in four to seven seasons in a completely randomized design with three replications. DGC and RY tests agreed on classifying Fireprince as a stable and high-yielding peach, RY classified 25 entries as stable, while Piepho's method did not separate the tested genotypes as DGC and RY did. The results of AMMI indicated that 25.06% of total variability was justified by genotypes, 9.76% by environments and 58.97% by GEI. The first five interaction principal components could explain 94.82% of GEI and showed the efficiency of AMMI model to study and understand GEI. The AMMI parameters showed no association with fruit yield, therefore, they could be useful to indicate stable entries but they would not be appropriate to select stable and high-yielding genotypes. The EV and Za indicated static stability while ASV, SIPC, Da, FA and FP pointed out the dynamic stability concept. The performance of the best entries selected by GSI, RS, P and I procedures were not different, therefore, any of them can be used to select superior peach genotypes. Rainfall during endodormancy, rainfall from floral bud endo- to ecodormancy - and heat accumulation during fruit development period showed significant correlation with yield variation across seasons.Fil: Maulión, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; ArgentinaFil: Arroyo, Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Daorden, María Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Valentini, Gabriel Hugo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; Argentin

Performance profiling of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch collection and comprehensive association among fruit quality, agronomic and phenological traits

Nowadays, although there are several studies based on peach phenotypic diversity and adaptability, there is no current research regarding associations among characters using multivariate statistical methods which provide more trustable conclusions than bivariate analysis. For this reason, we evaluated not only the adaptability of the accessions but also the relationships among qualitative and quantitative traits applying Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Factor Analysis, respectively. The study was carried out on seventy-seven nectarine and one hundred and thirty-two peach accessions grown in Argentina that were characterized with 35 fruit quality, agronomic and phenological traits during 3 seasons. Multiple Correspondence Analysis revealed that freestone trait would be associated with strong anthocyanin coloration of the flesh around the brown dark stone while semi-freestone trait would be related to weak or no anthocyanin coloration of the flesh around the light brown stone. Then, Factor Analysis enabled us to identify positive relationships between blooming and sprouting date; harvesting period and yield and among fruit development period, harvesting date, fruit weight and soluble solid content. In addition, 'phenology traits', 'productivity' and 'fruit quality and reaping time' would be unrelated to each other. Furthermore, the agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the accessions in accordance to their similarities and allowed the identification of the most adapted cultivars. We have demonstrated that this approach is a powerful tool that should be considered for further studies on peach germplasm and it has also the possibility to be applied for other fruit species. Finally, the results of this study provide valuable information for germplasm characterization and for breeding practices aiming to develop accessions adapted to the climatic conditions of the northern of Buenos Aires province.Fil: Maulión, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; ArgentinaFil: Arroyo, Luis Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Daorden, María Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Valentini, Gabriel Hugo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; Argentin

Met signaling in cardiomyocytes is required for normal cardiac function in adult mice

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, Met, are key determinants of distinct developmental processes. Although HGF exerts cardio-protective effects in a number of cardiac pathologies, it remains unknown whether HGF/Met signaling is essential for myocardial development and/or physiological function in adulthood. We therefore investigated the requirement of HGF/Met signaling in cardiomyocyte for embryonic and postnatal heart development and function by conditional inactivation of the Met receptor in cardiomyocytes using the Cre-α-MHC mouse line (referred to as α-MHCMet-KO). Although α-MHCMet-KO mice showed normal heart development and were viable and fertile, by 6 months of age, males developed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, associated with interstitial fibrosis. A significant upregulation in markers of myocardial damage, such as β-MHC and ANF, was also observed. By the age of 9 months, α-MHCMet-KO males displayed systolic cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, we provide evidence of a severe imbalance in the antioxidant defenses in α-MHCMet-KO hearts involving a reduced expression and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, with consequent reactive oxygen species accumulation. Similar anomalies were observed in females, although with a slower kinetics. We also found that Met signaling down-regulation leads to an increase in TGF-β production and a decrease in p38MAPK activation, which may contribute to phenotypic alterations displayed in α-MHCMet-KO mice. Consistently, we show that HGF acts through p38α to upregulate antioxidant enzymes in cardiomyocytes. Our results highlight that HGF/Met signaling in cardiomyocytes plays a physiological cardio-protective role in adult mice by acting as an endogenous regulator of heart function through oxidative stress control.Association Française contre les myopathiesMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Comunidad de MadridUniversidad Complutense de MadridJunta de AndalucíaFondation pour la Recherche MédicaleFondation Bettencourt-SchuellerDepto. de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFac. de FarmaciaTRUEpu