Asociación del síndrome metabólico con la incidencia de eventos coronarios en pacientes dislipidémicos del Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular

El síndrome metabólico se caracteriza por la convergencia de varios factores de riesgo en un mismo individuo. Ha sido objeto de interés en los últimos años debido a su alta prevalencia tanto en poblaciones sanas como en aquellas con antecedentes de afecciones cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación del Síndrome metabólico con la ocurrencia de eventos coronarios adversos.Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo que incluyó a 228 pacientes dislipidémicos del Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular. Se formaron dos grupos: pacientes que reunían criterios para el Síndrome metabólico y pacientes sin criterios para el Síndrome metabólico. Se comparó la incidencia de eventos coronarios durante cinco años. Para la comparación de variables cuantitativas y cualitativas se utilizó la prueba de t de student y x2 respectivamente. Para determinar asociación se calculó el Odss Ratio y se determinó la supervivenvia en ausencia de eventos mediante la prueba de Kaplan-Meier y se consideraron como diferencias estadísticamente significativas la p<0,05. Resultados: De los 228 pacientes, 9,21% presentaron Síndrome metabólico. La edad fue de 66 años vs 67 años, 38% vs 36% hombres, 95,2% vs 3,9% diabéticos, 81% vs 69,1% hipertensos, 28,6% vs 15% niveles patológicos de Colesterol-HDL y 100% vs 64% concentraciones elevadas de triglicéridos respectivamente para los grupos con y sin síndrome metabólico. No existió asociación entre el síndrome metabólico y la ocurrencia de eventos coronarios adversos.Conclusiones: No se obtuvo asociación entre el Síndrome metabólico y la incidencia de eventos coronarios en estos pacientes dislipidémicos durante el seguimiento por cinco años. Palabras clave: Síndrome metabólico, eventos coronarios adversos, dislipidemias.

Effects of Excess Manganese on the Xylem Sap Protein Profile of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as Revealed by Shotgun Proteomic Analysis

28 Pags.- 3 Tabls.- 4 Figs. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Metal toxicity is a common problem in crop species worldwide. Some metals are naturally toxic, whereas others such as manganese (Mn) are essential micro-nutrients for plant growth but can become toxic when in excess. Changes in the composition of the xylem sap, which is the main pathway for ion transport within the plant, is therefore vital to understanding the plant’s response(s) to metal toxicity. In this study we have assessed the effects of exposure of tomato roots to excess Mn on the protein profile of the xylem sap, using a shotgun proteomics approach. Plants were grown in nutrient solution using 4.6 and 300 µM MnCl2 as control and excess Mn treatments, respectively. This approach yielded 668 proteins reliably identified and quantified. Excess Mn caused statistically significant (at p ≤ 0.05) and biologically relevant changes in relative abundance (≥2-fold increases or ≥50% decreases) in 322 proteins, with 82% of them predicted to be secretory using three different prediction tools, with more decreasing than increasing (181 and 82, respectively), suggesting that this metal stress causes an overall deactivation of metabolic pathways. Processes most affected by excess Mn were in the oxido-reductase, polysaccharide and protein metabolism classes. Excess Mn induced changes in hydrolases and peroxidases involved in cell wall degradation and lignin formation, respectively, consistent with the existence of alterations in the cell wall. Protein turnover was also affected, as indicated by the decrease in proteolytic enzymes and protein synthesis-related proteins. Excess Mn modified the redox environment of the xylem sap, with changes in the abundance of oxido-reductase and defense protein classes indicating a stress scenario. Finally, results indicate that excess Mn decreased the amounts of proteins associated with several signaling pathways, including fasciclin-like arabinogalactan-proteins and lipids, as well as proteases, which may be involved in the release of signaling peptides and protein maturation. The comparison of the proteins changing in abundance in xylem sap and roots indicate the existence of tissue-specific and systemic responses to excess Mn. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD021973.Supported by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (project AGL2016-75226-R; AEI/FEDER, UE) and the Aragón Government (group A09-20R). Research conducted in Iwate University was in part supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 24-7373, 22120003, and 24370018. E.G.-C. was supported by a JAE Pre-CSIC contract and L.C.-L was supported by a FPI-MINECO contract.Peer reviewe

A shotgun proteomic approach reveals that fe deficiency causes marked changes in the protein profiles of plasma membrane and detergent-resistant microdomain preparations from beta vulgaris roots

In the present study we have used label-free shotgun proteomic analysis to examine the effects of Fe deficiency on the protein profiles of highly pure sugar beet root plasma membrane (PM) preparations and detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), the latter as an approach to study microdomains. Altogether, 545 proteins were detected, with 52 and 68 of them changing significantly with Fe deficiency in PM and DRM, respectively. Functional categorization of these proteins showed that signaling and general and vesicle related transport accounted for approximately 50% of the differences in both PM and DRM, indicating that from a qualitative point of view changes induced by Fe deficiency are similar in both preparations. Results indicate that Fe deficiency has an impact in phosphorylation processes at the PM level and highlight the involvement of signaling proteins, especially those from the 14-3-3 family. Lipid profiling revealed Fe-deficiency induced decreases in phosphatidic acid derivatives, which may impair vesicle formation, in agreement with the decreases measured in proteins related to intracellular trafficking and secretion. The modifications induced by Fe deficiency in the relative enrichment of proteins in DRMs revealed the existence of a group of cytoplasmic proteins that appears to be more attached to the PM in conditions of Fe deficiency

The Distinct Functional Roles of the Inner and Outer Chloroplast Envelope of Pea (Pisum sativum) As Revealed by Proteomic Approaches

Protein profiles of inner (IE) and outer (OE) chloroplast envelope membrane preparations from pea were studied using shotgun nLC–MS/MS and two-dimensional electrophoresis, and 589 protein species (NCBI entries) were identified. The relative enrichment of each protein in the IE/OE pair of membranes was used to provide an integrated picture of the chloroplast envelope. From the 546 proteins identified with shotgun, 321 showed a significant differential distribution, with 180 being enriched in IE and 141 in OE. To avoid redundancy and facilitate <i>in silico</i> localization, Arabidopsis homologues were used to obtain a nonredundant list of 409 envelope proteins, with many showing significant OE or IE enrichment. Functional classification reveals that IE is a selective barrier for transport of many metabolites and plays a major role in controlling protein homeostasis, whereas proteins in OE are more heterogeneous and participate in a wide range of processes. Data support that metabolic processes previously described to occur in the envelope such as chlorophyll and tocopherol biosynthesis can be ascribed to the IE, whereas others such as carotenoid or lipid biosynthesis occur in both membranes. Furthermore, results allow empirical assignation to the IE and/or OE of many proteins previously assigned to the bulk chloroplast envelope proteome

Analysis of the competitiveness of Paraiba pineapple export in the national market.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo enfatizar a evolução competitiva da exportação do abacaxi da Paraíba em relação aos principais exportadores brasileiros da commodity levando em consideração o período de 2005 a 2012. Para alcançar esse objetivo foram utilizados dois índices para medir o grau de competitividade: Índice de vantagem comparativa revelada (VCR) desenvolvido por Balassa (1965) e o Constant Market Share (CMS). Os resultados mostram que a Paraíba vem evoluindo na produção e exportação do abacaxi e ganhando competitividade frente aos principais produtores da commodity Brasileira, assim, a Paraíba mostra-se uma grande potência nacional, caminhando a passos largos para se tornar o maior produtor e exportador de abacaxi do Brasil.This paper aims to emphasize the competitive evolution of export pineapple Paraíba in relation to the main Brazilian exporters of the commodity taking into consideration the period 2005-2012. Index of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) developed by Balassa (1965) and Constant Market Share (CMS): To achieve this goal two indices to measure the degree of competitiveness was used. The results show that the Paraíba has been evolving in the production and export of pineapple and gaining a competitive edge to the main Brazilian producers of commodity thus the Paraíba shown a great national power, striding to become the largest producer and exporter of pineapple Brazil

A Shotgun Proteomic Approach Reveals That Fe Deficiency Causes Marked Changes in the Protein Profiles of Plasma Membrane and Detergent-Resistant Microdomain Preparations from <i>Beta vulgaris</i> Roots

In the present study we have used label-free shotgun proteomic analysis to examine the effects of Fe deficiency on the protein profiles of highly pure sugar beet root plasma membrane (PM) preparations and detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), the latter as an approach to study microdomains. Altogether, 545 proteins were detected, with 52 and 68 of them changing significantly with Fe deficiency in PM and DRM, respectively. Functional categorization of these proteins showed that signaling and general and vesicle-related transport accounted for approximately 50% of the differences in both PM and DRM, indicating that from a qualitative point of view changes induced by Fe deficiency are similar in both preparations. Results indicate that Fe deficiency has an impact in phosphorylation processes at the PM level and highlight the involvement of signaling proteins, especially those from the 14–3–3 family. Lipid profiling revealed Fe-deficiency-induced decreases in phosphatidic acid derivatives, which may impair vesicle formation, in agreement with the decreases measured in proteins related to intracellular trafficking and secretion. The modifications induced by Fe deficiency in the relative enrichment of proteins in DRMs revealed the existence of a group of cytoplasmic proteins that appears to be more attached to the PM in conditions of Fe deficiency

Iron-dependent modifications of the flower transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormonal content in an Arabidopsis ferritin mutant.

Iron homeostasis is an important process for flower development and plant fertility. The role of plastids in these processes has been shown to be essential. To document the relationships between plastid iron homeostasis and flower biology further, a global study (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormone analysis) was performed of Arabidopsis flowers from wild-type and triple atfer1-3-4 ferritin mutant plants grown under iron-sufficient or excess conditions. Some major modifications in specific functional categories were consistently observed at these three omic levels, although no significant overlaps of specific transcripts and proteins were detected. These modifications concerned redox reactions and oxidative stress, as well as amino acid and protein catabolism, this latter point being exemplified by an almost 10-fold increase in urea concentration of atfer1-3-4 flowers from plants grown under iron excess conditions. The mutant background caused alterations in Fe-haem redox proteins located in membranes and in hormone-responsive proteins. Specific effects of excess Fe in the mutant included further changes in these categories, supporting the idea that the mutant is facing a more intense Fe/redox stress than the wild type. The mutation and/or excess Fe had a strong impact at the membrane level, as denoted by the changes in the transporter and lipid metabolism categories. In spite of the large number of genes and proteins responsive to hormones found to be regulated in this study, changes in the hormonal balance were restricted to cytokinins, especially in the mutant plants grown under Fe excess conditions

Iron-dependent modifications of the flower transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormonal content in an Arabidopsis ferritin mutant

24 Pág., 2 Fig., 9 Tabl. The definitive version is available at: http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/64/10/2665This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly citedIron homeostasis is an important process for flower development and plant fertility. The role of plastids in these processes has been shown to be essential. To document the relationships between plastid iron homeostasis and flower biology further, a global study (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and hormone analysis) was performed of Arabidopsis flowers from wild-type and triple atfer1-3-4 ferritin mutant plants grown under iron-sufficient or excess conditions. Some major modifications in specific functional categories were consistently observed at these three omic levels, although no significant overlaps of specific transcripts and proteins were detected. These modifications concerned redox reactions and oxidative stress, as well as amino acid and protein catabolism, this latter point being exemplified by an almost 10-fold increase in urea concentration of atfer1-3-4 flowers from plants grown under iron excess conditions. The mutant background caused alterations in Fehaem redox proteins located in membranes and in hormone-responsive proteins. Specific effects of excess Fe in the mutant included further changes in these categories, supporting the idea that the mutant is facing a more intense Fe/redox stress than the wild type. The mutation and/or excess Fe had a strong impact at the membrane level, as denoted by the changes in the transporter and lipid metabolism categories. In spite of the large number of genes and proteins responsive to hormones found to be regulated in this study, changes in the hormonal balance were restricted to cytokinins, especially in the mutant plants grown under Fe excess conditions. © The Author 2013.This work was supported in the framework of the European Transnational Cooperation (Germany, France, Spain) within the PLANT-KBBE Initiative funded by (i) the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF, framework of the GABI initiative, FKZ:0315458A to KP), (ii) the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO EUI2008-03618 to JA.) and (iii) the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-08-KBBE-009-01 to J-FB). The study was also supported by the MINECO grant AGL2010-16515 to JA.Peer Reviewe