Moroccan Participatory Banks in the Era of the Covid-19 International Health Crisis

Apart from the paralysis of the real estate sector and the closure of notaries and concessionaires, the economic situation of customers which is in decline because of the crisis weighs heavily on the activity of participatory banks. Therefore, in Morocco, like all other industries, the participatory banking industry has suffered from the onset of the state of health emergency and total containment of citizens, due to the “COVID-19” health crisis. But participatory banks are relatively better off than conventional banks. However, our present article aims to present the state of play of the said participatory banks a priori and post-mortem of the health crisis in the Moroccan financial fabric, taking into account the measures taken by the monetary authorities at national and international level. Furthermore, a descriptive, understandable and explanatory methodology has been adopted on the basis of a qualitative approach, which aims to identify the concrete situation involving a particular phenomenon. It is therefore a question of understanding and describing the situation of participating banks in the Moroccan banking system during the so-called “COVID-19”. Indeed, by giving meaning to our problem through observation, description and interpretation, by appreciating their context as it presents itself and by providing content data. However, Moroccan participatory banks are called upon to make more sustained efforts in mobilizing savings, in particular by proposing a daily offer of services from the bank that must be competitive, while relying on the affinity that distinguishes it from the classic offer. Moreover, the Moroccan participatory banks still suffer from a significant imbalance in balance sheet management due to several factors. However, this crisis situation was inevitable, but the Moroccan monetary authorities hope that it will only be temporary and that things will return to order as they go.Apart from the paralysis of the real estate sector and the closure of notaries and concessionaires, the economic situation of customers which is in decline because of the crisis weighs heavily on the activity of participatory banks. Therefore, in Morocco, like all other industries, the participatory banking industry has suffered from the onset of the state of health emergency and total containment of citizens, due to the “COVID-19” health crisis. But participatory banks are relatively better off than conventional banks. However, our present article aims to present the state of play of the said participatory banks a priori and post-mortem of the health crisis in the Moroccan financial fabric, taking into account the measures taken by the monetary authorities at national and international level. Furthermore, a descriptive, understandable and explanatory methodology has been adopted on the basis of a qualitative approach, which aims to identify the concrete situation involving a particular phenomenon. It is therefore a question of understanding and describing the situation of participating banks in the Moroccan banking system during the so-called “COVID-19”. Indeed, by giving meaning to our problem through observation, description and interpretation, by appreciating their context as it presents itself and by providing content data. However, Moroccan participatory banks are called upon to make more sustained efforts in mobilizing savings, in particular by proposing a daily offer of services from the bank that must be competitive, while relying on the affinity that distinguishes it from the classic offer. Moreover, the Moroccan participatory banks still suffer from a significant imbalance in balance sheet management due to several factors. However, this crisis situation was inevitable, but the Moroccan monetary authorities hope that it will only be temporary and that things will return to order as they go

PARTICIPATORY BANKS AND THEIR SYNERGIES EFFECTS ON THEIR CONVENTIONAL COUNTERPARTS IN TURKEY’S MIXED BANKING SYSTEM

In recent decades, participatory banks have been growing all over the world, with unusual growth rates, as is the case in the Turkish Republic where there is a mixed banking system that accepts such banks with their conventional counterparts. However, our study focuses on the synergies that participatory banks can achieve on their conventional counterparts in the Turkish banking system. However, to address our present research problem, we have adopted an empirical study which is based initially on the econometric test of the unit root, which aims to verify the stationary nature of the study variables, including, the funds raised and the funds allocated, using the 10th version of the software Eviews. This, in order to move to linear regression between the independent variables representing the participating banks and the dependent ones represented by the conventional banks, and this on the software SPSS21. Indeed, all the observations are in million Turkish Pound and they were collected by the official website of the Turkish Participatory Banks Association covering the period between December 2011 and July 2018, that is, 80 observations. The results found showed us that participatory banks partially achieve synergies effects on conventional banks in Turkey’s mixed banking system. Moreover, these effects can be explained by the ethical principles on which the participatory banks are based and the competitive pressures between them and their conventional counterparts. JEL: E50; G21; G24  Article visualizations

La flore médicinale traditionnelle de la région de Béni- Mellal (Maroc)

Objectif : le but de cette étude est de mener une enquête ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales utilisées en phytothérapie traditionnelle dans le district de Béni-Mellal.Méthodologie et résultats : A l’aide de 200 fiches questionnaires, une série d’enquêtes  ethnobotaniques a été menée sur le terrain en 2014 en utilisant un échantillonnage aléatoire stratifié. Ces recherches, complétées par l’identification des échantillons sur le terrain et au laboratoire, nous ont permis de faire connaissance de 69 espèces médicinales réparties en 38 familles et 63 genres avec une importance relative des familles suivantes par leur nombre d’espèces : Lamiaceae (23,07%), Apiaceae (21,05%), Fabaceae (10,52%) et Asteraceae (7,69%).Conclusion et application de la recherche : Cette étude a conduit à l'élaboration d'un catalogue de plantes médicinales contenant les informations sur les utilisations thérapeutiques pratiquées par la population locale. Par ailleurs, Cet inventaire peut constituer une source d’informations très précieuse .Il contribue par sa part à la connaissance de la flore médicinale et la sauvegarde du savoir-faire populaire local.Mots clés : plantes médicinales, ethnobotanique, Béni-Mellal, flore médicinale.Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in traditional herbal medicine in Beni-Mellal district.Methods and results: Using 320 questionnaires, a series of ethnobotanical surveys was conducted in the field in 2014 using stratified random sampling techniques. This research, completed by the identification of samples in the field and in the laboratory, has allowed us to get to know 69 species belonging to 63 genera and 38 families, with a predominance of Lamiaceae (23.07%), Apiaceae (21.05%), Fabaceae (10,52%) and Asteraceae (7.69% %).Conclusion and application of research: This study has led to the development of a catalog of  medicinal plants which has the information about the therapeutic uses practiced by the local population. This inventory can be a very valuable source of information .It contributes its share to the knowledge of medicinal flora and the safeguarding of local popular expertise.Keywords: Medicinal plants, ethnobotany, Beni-Mellal, medicinal flora

The contribution of participation banks on the development of the mixed banking system: case of the Turkish Republic

Abstract. In this paper, we examine the impact of participation banks on the development of the hybrid banking system in the Turkish Republic, through an empirical study of independent variables that represent the development of participation banks such as allocated funds, raised funds and net profits, and the development of the mixed banking system that is represented by total assets and this is during the period of December 2011 to July 2018, it’s about 80 observations. First, we will start with the unit root test such as ADF, PP and KPSS tests to verify the stationarity of all variables, then we will apply the Johansen cointegration test for the long-term relationship to verify if there is a long-term co-integration relationship between the dependent variable and the independent ones. The results showed that all variables are stationary at the same level (2nd difference), so they are integrated in the same order (I1), while the Johansen test found that there are three long-term cointegration relationships between the variables involved. So, we concluded that participation banks contribute in the long term to the development of the mixed banking system of the Turkish Republic.Keywords. Participation banks, Mixed banking system, Turkey, Unit root test, Cointegration test.JEL. D39, E49, F69, F69, G21

The influence of humic acids extracted from Chaouia soil on the behavior of transition metal ions and pesticides

      Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) exist ubiquitously in environments and have a variety of functional groups, which allow them to complex with metal ions and pesticides. Furthermore, these interactions can not only alter the environmental behavior, but also influence the removal and transportation of those pollutants. The study of the interaction between Cu (II), VO (II) and Mn (II) with HAs provides environmental information on the oxidation states of paramagnetic metals and their mechanisms of binding to humic acids. Electron spin resonance (ESR) study demonstrates that VO (II) and Cu (II) ions are bound with oxygen ligands to HAs, while the Mn (II) complex occurs as [Mn(H2O)6]2+. Additionally, Cu (II) ions are more strongly bound than Mn (II) ions to soil HAs. The effect of the presence of HA on photolysis of Tribenuron-methyl (TRB) and Imazapyr (IMAZ) herbicides in water was studied by irradiation of different mixtures of HA/herbicide (0.5:1 and 1:1 by volume). The obtained results clearly demonstrate that HA substances exhibit a screening effect on the photochemical degradation of the two herbicides. The protective effect of HAs on the TRB and IMAZ degradation could be explained with an inclusion and/or adsorption of the herbicide molecules in the humic matrix

Physics mathematization assessment: The nominal group technique as a context to investigate student understanding

This work has its origin in physics learning with secondary school students in Morocco. The present work focuses on the relationship between physics and mathematics as well as the source of difficulties in learning the half-life concept. To highlight our research objectives, the researchers resorted to the nominal group technique (NGT) which is used not only to identify students’ opinions about physics mathematization difficulties but also to assess the scientific education of this discipline. The results obtained showed that mathematics has an impact on Moroccan students’ understanding of the half-life concept. The results also showed that coherent and simultaneous management of physics and mathematics favors the learning of Moroccan students in both disciplines

Multi-Response Optimization For Industrial Processes

Process optimization is a very important point in modern industry. There are many classical optimization methods, which can be applied when some mathematical conditions are verified. Real situations are not very simple so that classical methods may not succeed in optimizing; as in cases when the optimization has several contradictory objectives (Collette, 2002). The purpose of this work is to propose an optimization method for industrial processes with multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO), for which the optimization objectives are generally contradictory and for which some objectives are not maximum or minimum but performance criteria. The first step of this method is modeling each process response by a quadratic model. After establishing the model, we use a simplified numerical optimization algorithm in order to determine values of the parameters allowing optimizing the different responses, for MIMO processes. This method will also allow finding optimum target values for multiple inputs single output processes