Trend risk measures

Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na trendové míry rizika a jejich aplikaci v oblasti optimalizace investičního portfolia. Práce nejprve představuje klasické míry rizika, jako jsou Value-at-Risk (VaR) a Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR), dále zavádí jejich tren- dové varianty. Soustředíme se také na výpočet a analýzu dalších trendových měr rizika, které lépe kvantifikují riziko v čase. Součástí práce je i empirická studie, která porovnává výsledky optimálních portfolií získané optimalizací vzhledem ke klasické a trendové míře rizika. 1This bachelor's thesis focuses on trend risk measures and their application in the field of investment portfolio optimization. The thesis first presents classical risk measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) and then introduces their trend variants. We also focus on the calculation and analysis of other trend risk measures, which better quantify risk over time. The thesis includes an empirical study comparing the results of optimal portfolios obtained through optimization concerning classical and trend risk measures. 1Katedra pravděpodobnosti a matematické statistikyDepartment of Probability and Mathematical StatisticsMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic

Financing Purchase of Long-Term Property in the Company

Bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na různé formy financování dlouhodobého majetku. Informuje o finanční situaci obchodní společnosti, a možnostech financování nového pořizovaného dlouhodobého majetku (tahač). Porovnává nabídky úvěrů a leasingů od vybraných bankovních institucí a leasingových společností. Závěrem vyhodnotí nejefektivnější formu financování.The bachelor´s work is specialized on different forms of financing of long-term property. It informs about financial situation of business company and possibility of financing of newly bought long-term property (truck). It compares the forms of financng, the credit and the leasing offered from selected bank institutions and leasing companies. Eventually considers the most effective way of financing.

Descendants of Depolt - cadet branch of Premyslides

Author in his bachelor's dissertation devote to cadet branch of Premyslides - descendants of Depolt. At first he sketch their genalogy, then he observe rank of each generation in the Czech Duchy and their fates. Then he also sketch what it meant to manage fief, what was significence of their land, and also their unhappy destiny in Silesian exile.Anotace: Autor se v průběhu své bakalářské práce zabývá vedlejší větví Přemyslovců - Děpoltici. Nejprve nastiňuje jejich genealogii, následně pozoruje postavení jednotlivých generací v Českém knížectví na pozadí jejich osudů. Dále autor také nastiňuje, co to znamenalo spravovat úděl, jaký byl význam údělu Děpolticů, ale i jejich nešťastný osud exulantů ve Slezsku.Institute of Czech HistoryÚstav českých dějinFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

Company Marketing Strategy

Diplomová práce je zaměřená na zlepšení marketingové strategie podniku na nově zavedenou službu - pronájem rekreačního areálu s 8 chatkami. V první části diplomové práce jsou vybrány teoretické poznatky, které se následně uplatní v praktické části, a to zejména na tvorbu a vyhodnocení dotazníku a zlepšení marketingového mixu pro vybranou společnost KALA TRANS, s.r.o.This diploma thesis is focused on improvement of marketing company strategy on new well-established service - rental relaxing area with 8 summer houses. In the first part of diploma thesis are chosen theoretical knowledges which are afterwards used in practical part, and it is particularly focused on creation and assessment of questionnaire and improvement of marketing mix for selected company KALA TRANS, s.r.o.

Using stomatal length to indicate ploidy in the Dryopteris affinis (Dryopteridaceae) complex:does sampling location on the frond matter?

The scaly male ferns of the Dryopteris affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenk. complex pose problems for taxonomists and botanists because of their hybrid origins, polyploidy, and partly apomictic and partly sexual reproduction. Diploid, triploid, tetraploid, and pentaploid taxa are known, and knowing the ploidy level of an individual is essential for identification. Stomatal length increases with higher ploidy levels and can be used as a proxy for ploidy level. Previous studies have measured stomata from the pinnae (primary frond divisions) in the middle part of the frond. The aim of this study was to determine whether the location of sampling of stomata on the pinnules (pinna segments) and on the pinna locations on the frond is important. Thirty stomata were measured from each of three regions on acroscopic (upper) and basiscopic (lower) pinnules on three pinnae from each of 18 plants representing six taxa. Ploidy level of all plants under study was examined by flow cytometry. The results show that in most cases (89.8%) the correct ploidy level can be inferred from samples from any part of the pinnule, and from three levels in the lower half of the frond (92%). The lower pinnae had the most regions with stomatal length values outside the expected range (5.6%) for the ploidy level. This study supports previous findings that average stomatal length is a useful proxy for ploidy level determination in the Dryopteris affinis complex, but we would recommend using the proximal areas of pinnules from the inner part of pinnae from the middle of the frond

Distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic. Part 8

The eighth part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 106 taxa in the genera Abutilon, Achillea. Arctium, Arenaria. Arnoseris, Carex. Chamaecytisus, Cornus, Diphasiastrum, Echinops. Galeopsis. Galium, Huperzia, Isoetes. Lyco-podiella. Lycopodium. Moehringia, Orobanche, Phelipanche, Prunus, Ranunculus, Selaginella. Stachys, Telekia, Typha and Zannichellia. These maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on examined herbarium specimens, literature and field records. Many of the studied native species are on the national Red List. They are represented by plants that are rare in the Czech Republic, in extreme cases confined to single sites (Arenaria grandiflora. Galium austriacum, Isoetes echinospora, I. lacustris and Orobanche teucrii). or that have experienced a considerable decline (e.g. Arnoseris minima. Carex hordeistichos, C. secalina. Diphasiastrum tristachyum and Lycopodiella inundata), or a combination of both (e.g. Orobanche artemisiae-campestris. O. coerulescens, Phelipanche arenaria. Ph. caesia and Stachys germanica). Three species (Moehringia muscosa, Selaginella helvetica and Typha minima) have been extirpated from this country. Alien species are represented by both archaeophytes (e.g. Arctium lappa, A. tomentosum, Orobanche minor, Stachys annua and S. arvensis) and neophytes (e.g. Abutilon theophrasti and Typha laxmannii). Two species have become invasive: Echinops sphaerocephalus spreads mainly in dry and disturbed habitats along roads and railways in warm lowlands, whereas Telekia speciosa is now locally frequent in various habitats mainly at middle and high elevations. Echinops bannaticus is reported here as a new alien species in the Czech Republic that occasionally escapes from cultivation. Spatial distributions and often also temporal dynamics of individual taxa are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in electronic appendices. The maps are accompanied by comments that include additional information on the distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the taxa

Distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic. Part 2

The second part of the publication series on the istributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 87 taxa of the genera Antennaria, Aposeris, Astragalus, Avenula, Bidens, Carex, Cenchrus, Centunculus, Convallaria, Crocus, Cryptogramma, Cyperus, Dryopteris, Gladiolus, Gratiola, Helictochloa, Hierochloë, Lindernia, Maianthemum, Myriophyllum, Notholaena, Nymphoides, Radiola, Schoenoplectus, Sisyrinchium, Spergularia, Tillaea, Veratrum and Veronica. The maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on all available herbarium, literature and field records. The plants studied include 56 taxa registered in the Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic, some of which showed remarkable declines. Spatial and temporal dynamics of individual species are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in Electronic appendices. The maps are accompanied by comments, which include additional information on distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the species

The role of the preparation route on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy

Nearly equiatomic AlCoCrFeNi alloy samples were prepared by induction melting and mechanical alloying (MA) combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS). The cast sample showed a dendritic microstructure composed of spinodally decomposed nanometric constituents of the B2 and BCC phases. The spark plasma sintered sample exhibited an ultrafine-grained microstructure of B2 phase and FCC solid solution and Cr23C6 carbides. The MA + SPS sample was strengthened by compressive stress-strain test up to a yield strength of 2029 ± 5 MPa, resulting significantly higher compared to 1366 ± 32 MPa of the cast sample. In addition to the higher compressive yield strength, the sintered sample exhibited a hardness of more than 130 HV higher compared to the cast alloy. On the other hand, the cast alloy showed high plastic deformation (29%) and significantly high ultimate compressive strength of 3072 ± 122 MPa. Together with these mechanical characteristics, the MA + SPS sample showed good thermal stability while preserving the mechanical properties even after annealing at 800 °C. This was not the case with the cast sample, in which ductility and ultimate strength significantly decreased upon annealing at 800 °C. A substantial yield strength reduction of both MA + SPS and cast samples was recorded when tested at 800 °C. Nevertheless, stress-strain curve trends were observed to be quite different between the two samples, thus suggesting dissimilar deformation mechanisms under high-temperature compression

The trace fossil Lepidenteron lewesiensis: a taphonomic window on diversity of Late Cretaceous fishes

The trace fossil Lepidenteron lewesiensis (Mantell 1822) provides an exceptional taphonomic window to diversity of fishes as shown for the Upper Cretaceous of Poland, in the Middle Turonian–Lower Maastrichtian deposits of the Opole Trough, Miechów Trough, Mazury-Podlasie Homocline, and SE part of the Border Synclinorium. Lepidenteron lewesiensis is an unbranched burrow lined with small fish scales and bones, without a constructed wall. It contains scales, vertebrae, and bones of the head belonging to ten taxa of teleostean fishes: two undetermined teleosteans, six undetermined Clupeocephala, one Dercetidae, and one undetermined euteleostean. The preservation of fish remains suggests that fishes were pulled down into the burrow by an animal, probably by eunicid polychaetes.Das Spurenfossil Lepidenteron lewesiensis (Mantell 1822) ermöglicht einen biostratinomischen Einblick in die Diversität von Fischen, wie Fossilmaterial aus der Oberkreide von Polen zeigt. Es stammt aus dem Mittelturonium bis Untermaastrichtium des südöstlichen Abschnittes der Grenz-Synklinale, dem Opolen-Trog, dem Miechów-Trog und der Masuren-Podlachien-Homoklinale. L. lewesiensis ist ein unverzweigter Grabgang ohne ausgekleidete Wände, dessen Ränder von kleinen Fischschuppen und—knochen gebildet werden. Diese setzen sich aus Schuppen, Wirbel und Schädelknochen von zehn Teleostei-Taxa zusammen und zwar aus zwei unbestimmte Teleosteer, sechs unbestimmten Clupeocephala, einem Dercetidae und einem unbestimmten Euteleostei. Die Erhaltung der Fischüberreste deutet darauf hin, dass die Fische von einem Tier, wahrscheinlich einem Polychaeten der Familie Eunicidae, in den Bau gezogen wurden.We are very grateful to Dr. Lionel Cavin (Geneva) and the anonymous reviewer for constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Additional support was provided by the Jagiellonian University (DS funds), National Science Center (Grant Number: PRO-2011/01/N/ST10/07717), and the Laboratory of Geology (University of Lodz) BSt Grant No. 560/844. We are grateful to Dr. Johann Egger (Wien) and Kilian Eichenseer M.Sc. (Erlangen) for help with translating the abstract into German. We are grateful to Dr. Ursula Göhlich (Wien) for access to the Dercetis specimen

Trademark and Design Protection of Applied Art

The aim of the thesis is to analyse suitability of trademarks and designs for protection of products’ appearance, name its advantages and disadvantages and identify and discuss conditions that must be fulfilled for an appearance of a product to be protected by each of the two mentioned types of protection. The thesis further aims to ascertain whether it is, in general, more difficult to obtain a trademark or a design protection of products bearing in mind difficulties that may arise during the registration process. The thesis focuses mainly on the European Union trademarks and Community designs.   Further, the scope of protection conferred by both instruments is analysed and evaluated and it should be determined which type of protection confers a wider protection on its owner. The thesis also aims to respond a question “which of the analysed intellectual property law instruments is more suitable and favourable for protecting an appearance of products.” Therefore, based on this thesis, users of trademarks and designs should be able to decide which of these two types of protection they should use in order to protect their products or products of their clients.