RECUPERAÇÃO DE TITÂNIO E ALUMÍNIO A PARTIR DE UM SUBPRODUTO DE CATÁLISE DE UMA PLANTA PETROQUÍMICA

Indústrias do setor metal-mecânico, químico e petroquímico geram mensalmente grandes volumes deresíduos sólidos, contendo, entre outros poluidores, metais pesados tais como cobre, níquel, titânio, alumínioe cádmio. Convencionalmente, estes rejeitos industriais têm sido depositados de forma cumulativa, ematerros (apropriados ou não) ou simplesmente armazenados em tonéis. A deposição desses sólidos geralmentenão segue os padrões exigidos legalmente, constituindo-se em um grave problema ao ecossistema.Nesse contexto, avaliar alternativas com o objetivo de evitar e/ou minimizar a produção de rejeitos ouainda transformá-los em matérias-primas para outros processos de fabricação, torna-se uma necessidadecrescente ao setor produtivo, que procura aliar eficiência com baixo custo. A primeira parte do presenteestudo apresenta alternativas de separação dos principais constituintes de rejeitos industriais que contenhampredominantemente alumínio e titânio. O mesmo fundamenta-se na obtenção de duas frações demaior valor agregado através de uma tecnologia econômica e tecnicamente viável para reciclagem deresíduos ricos nestes metais.Palavras-chave: resíduo sólido, reciclagem, tecnologias de segregação, lixiviaçã

Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever and/or neuroinvasive disease: challenges of diagnosis

  OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of post mortem laboratory analysis in identifying the causes of hemorrhagic fever and/or neuroinvasive disease in deaths by arbovirus infection. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study based on the differential analysis and final outcome obtained in patients whose samples underwent laboratory testing for arboviruses at the Pathology Center of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, in São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS Of the 1355 adults clinically diagnosed with hemorrhagic fever and/or neuroinvasive disease, the most commonly attributed cause of death and the most common final outcome was dengue fever. Almost half of the samples tested negative on all laboratory tests conducted. CONCLUSION The failure to identify the causative agent in a great number of cases highlights a gap in the diagnosis of deaths of unknown etiology. Additional immunohistochemical and molecular assessments need to be added to the post-mortem protocol if all laboratory evaluations performed fail to identify a causative agent. While part of our findings may be due to technical issues related to sample fixation, better information availability when making the initial diagnosis is crucial. Including molecular approaches might lead to a significant advancement in diagnostic accuracy

HERV-K and HERV-W transcriptional activity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/MS) is an incapacitating chronic disease that dramatically compromise the life quality. The CFS/ME pathogenesis is multifactorial, and it is believed that immunological, metabolic and environmental factors play a role. It is well documented an increased activity of Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) from different families in autoimmune and neurological diseases, making these elements good candidates for biomarkers or even triggers for such diseases. METHODS: Here the expression of Endogenous retroviruses K and W (HERV-K and HERV-W) was determined in blood from moderately and severely affected ME/CFS patients through real time PCR. RESULTS: HERV-K was overexpressed only in moderately affected individuals but HERV-W showed no difference. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report about HERV-K differential expression in moderate ME/CFS. Although the relationship between HERVs and ME/CFS has yet to be proven, the observation of this phenomenon deserves further attention

PARTO NORMAL EM GESTANTES PORTADORAS DE ASMA

Objetivo: Conhecer o motivo pelo qual gestantes portadoras de asma costumam optar por parto cesáreo. Materiais e Método: Trata-se de um estudo que se desenvolveu por meio de revisão bibliográfica, onde se optou pelo método de Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL). Sendo utilizadas as bases de pesquisa Biblioteca Cientifica Eletrônica Online (SCIELO), Ministério da Saúde, e Literatura Latina Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Resultados: O estudo busca salientar acerca do desconhecimento de informações sobre o parto normal em gestantes com asma. Sendo assim a metodologia desse estudo viabiliza em um acompanhamento adequado sobre orientações para contribuir na gestação e uma boa qualidade de vida para um parto seguro. Conclusão: Na gravidez a asma pode apresentar variações na qual pode ser controlada de forma eficaz, conscientizando-as sobre o acompanhamento durante a gestação, desde o início do pré-natal com orientações e tratamento adequado para que seja de forma benéfica, visto que a escolha permanece sendo da gestante de acordo com conduta médica, sendo que a asma não é contraindicação para parto normal

Selectivity of Kapina® and Kapina Plus® herbicides applied in fairway Tifway 419 Bermuda

A espécie Cynodon spp. é a principal grama predominante utilizada em fairways, greens, tees e roughs de campos de golfe, mas que necessariamente requer intensa manutenção preventiva. Com objetivo de avaliar a seletividade das formulações herbicidas Kapina® e Kapina Plus® para grama Bermuda Tifway 419, em fairway de campo de golfe, um experimento foi conduzido no gramado do Maringá Golf Club. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições, constituídos pelos herbicidas Kapina® (750, 1500 e 2250 mL ha-1), Kapina Plus® (750, 1500 e 2250 mL ha-1) e uma testemunha sem aplicação. Os herbicidas Kapina® e Kapina Plus®, a partir de 750,0 mL ha-1, apresentaram seletividade satisfatória para a grama Bermuda Tifway 419, podendo ser recomendados em fairways de campos de golfe e de outros esportes.Cynodon spp. specie is the predominant grass frequently used in fairways, greens, tees and roughs of golf courses, but does not necessarily requires intense preventive maintenance. In order to evaluate the selectivity of Kapina® and Kapina Plus® formulations herbicides for Cynodon spp. Tifway 419, in fairway of golf camp, an experiment was conducted on turf grass belonging to Maringa Golf Club. Experimental design used was randomized blocks, with seven treatments and four replications, constituted by Kapina® (750, 1500 and 2250 mL ha-1), Kapina Plus® (750, 1500 e 2250 mL ha-1) herbicides and a check without application. Kapina® e Kapina Plus® herbicides, from 750 mL ha-1, presented a satisfactory selectivity for Tifway 419 Bermuda, and may be recommended in fairways of golf courses and other sports

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection caused by the P.1 lineage in Araraquara city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Reinfection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) has been reported in many countries, suggesting that the virus may continue to circulate among humans despite the possibility of local herd immunity due to massive previous infections. The emergence of variants of concern (VOC) that are more transmissible than the previous circulating ones has raised particular concerns on the vaccines effectiveness and reinfection rates. The P.1 lineage was first identified in December 2020 in Manaus city and is now globally spread. We report the first case of reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 caused by the P.1 variant outside of Manaus. The potential of these new variants to escape naturally and vaccine- induced immunity highlights the need for a global vigilance

Genomics and epidemiology of the P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil

Cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Manaus, Brazil, resurged in late 2020 despite previously high levels of infection. Genome sequencing of viruses sampled in Manaus between November 2020 and January 2021 revealed the emergence and circulation of a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. Lineage P.1 acquired 17 mutations, including a trio in the spike protein (K417T, E484K, and N501Y) associated with increased binding to the human ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) receptor. Molecular clock analysis shows that P.1 emergence occurred around mid-November 2020 and was preceded by a period of faster molecular evolution. Using a two-category dynamical model that integrates genomic and mortality data, we estimate that P.1 may be 1.7- to 2.4-fold more transmissible and that previous (non-P.1) infection provides 54 to 79% of the protection against infection with P.1 that it provides against non-P.1 lineages. Enhanced global genomic surveillance of variants of concern, which may exhibit increased transmissibility and/or immune evasion, is critical to accelerate pandemic responsiveness

High interannual variability in connectivity and genetic pool of a temperate clingfish matches oceanographic transport predictions

Adults of most marine benthic and demersal fish are site-attached, with the dispersal of their larval stages ensuring connectivity among populations. In this study we aimed to infer spatial and temporal variation in population connectivity and dispersal of a marine fish species, using genetic tools and comparing these with oceanographic transport. We focused on an intertidal rocky reef fish species, the shore clingfish Lepadogaster lepadogaster, along the southwest Iberian Peninsula, in 2011 and 2012. We predicted high levels of self-recruitment and distinct populations, due to short pelagic larval duration and because all its developmental stages have previously been found near adult habitats. Genetic analyses based on microsatellites countered our prediction and a biophysical dispersal model showed that oceanographic transport was a good explanation for the patterns observed. Adult sub-populations separated by up to 300 km of coastline displayed no genetic differentiation, revealing a single connected population with larvae potentially dispersing long distances over hundreds of km. Despite this, parentage analysis performed on recruits from one focal site within the Marine Park of Arrabida (Portugal), revealed self-recruitment levels of 2.5% and 7.7% in 2011 and 2012, respectively, suggesting that both long-and short-distance dispersal play an important role in the replenishment of these populations. Population differentiation and patterns of dispersal, which were highly variable between years, could be linked to the variability inherent in local oceanographic processes. Overall, our measures of connectivity based on genetic and oceanographic data highlight the relevance of long-distance dispersal in determining the degree of connectivity, even in species with short pelagic larval durations