INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF REALIZATION OF CLUSTER POLICY IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA

The article represents the results of elaborating the methodological toolset of a region’s cluster policy. The proposed methodology is based on the main characteristics of the clusters (presence of competitive enterprises, availability of competitive advantages in the region for cluster development, geographical concentration and proximity, a wide range of participants and the presence of “critical mass”, links and interactions between cluster members) characterizing them as complex economic structures. The creation of clusters implies a number of studies at the regional level, which, above all, relate to determining the competitive advantages of a region in a particular industry. Therefore, at the first stage of the assessment of the cluster potential of the region, the authors propose to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the competitive advantages of the regional sectors, which will make it possible to identify the vectors of development of the territory. The second stage involves a qualitative assessment of indicators of competitive stability in the region (factors of production, demand in the domestic market for the industry’s products, competitive industries and suppliers of potential clusters). At the last stage, the composition of potential clusters and the nature of managerial influences of initiation and support of clusters by regional authorities are determined. In contrast to the existing methods for assessing the potential of a cluster, the approach implemented in this article makes it possible to identify not only promising territories from the point of view of clusterization of an industry, but also to identify possible participants of such a cluster, which is the most promising in forming regional cluster development programs in the regional economy. The article presents the approbation of the proposed methodology for the Volgograd region on the basis of statistical data for 2014–2016, identified industries and enterprises that can be clustered, which will ensure adequate support from regional authorities

Выбор способа хирургического лечения детей грудного и преддошкольного возраста с вывихом бедра при амиоплазии

Background. Patients with amyoplasia-type arthrogryposis and hip dislocation have different variants of hip contractures and deformities, but there is no difference in the selection of the type of surgery. The study aimed to justify and evaluate the effectiveness of the original algorithm of the rational selection of surgical approaches in children aged 3 years with hip dislocation in amyoplasia. Material and Methods. Level of evidence II. Seventy patients were examined, including 21 children aged 1 year (main group) who underwent 25 hip open reductions; 19 children aged 1.53 years (main group) who underwent hip open reductions, Salter innominate osteotomy, and femoral osteotomy; and 30 patients aged 37 years (control group) who had not previously received conservative and surgical treatment. All patients were divided into two subgroups depending on the variant of hip contracture: flexionextensionabductionexternal rotation (frog-like) (subgroup 1) and flexionextensionadductionexternal rotation (subgroup 2). Clinical, radiological, and statistical methods were used. Results. In subgroup 1, after hip open reduction, good results were noted in 17% of cases, satisfactory in 50%, and unsatisfactory in 33%. Severe complications, i.e., classes III and IV according to the modified ClavienDindoSink classification, were noted in 83% of the cases. After hip open reduction, Salter innominate osteotomy, and femoral osteotomy in subgroup 1, good results were noted in 50% of cases and satisfactory and unsatisfactory each in 25%, and 50% had less severe complications (p = 0.041). In subgroup 2, after hip open reduction, good results were obtained in 90% of cases and satisfactory in 10%, and 10% had severe complications When this surgery was combined with Salter innominate osteotomy and femoral osteotomy, good results were noted in 75% of cases, satisfactory in 19%, and unsatisfactory in 6%, and 25% had severe complications (p = 0.05). Conclusion. A differentiated treatment approach of children with hip dislocation in amyoplasia-type arthrogryposis will increase the effectiveness of treatment methods, and its introduction into clinical practice will help to improve outcomes.Актуальность. У пациентов с вывихом бедра при амиоплазии встречаются различные варианты контрактур тазобедренных суставов и характерные для каждого из них деформации сустава, однако отсутствуют различия в выборе способа лечения. Цель исследования обосновать и оценить эффективность оригинального алгоритма выбора способа хирургического лечения детей до 3 лет с вывихом бедра при амиоплазии. Материал и методы. Обследовано 70 больных. Основную группу составили 40 детей, из них 21 ребенку в возрасте до 1 года было выполнено 25 операций открытого вправления бедра, у 19 детей в возрасте с 1,5 до 3 лет открытое вправление дополнялось подвздошной остеотомией по Солтеру, корригирующей остеотомией бедренной кости. В контрольную группу вошли 30 пациентов в возрасте от 3 до 7 лет, ранее не получавшие консервативного и хирургического лечения. Пациенты основной и контрольной групп были разделены на подгруппы в зависимости от варианта контрактуры тазобедренного сустава: отводящая (первые подгруппы) и приводящая (вторые подгруппы). Использовалась оригинальная шкала оценки функции ТБС, основанная на измерении пассивных движений по отношению к функциональному диапазону движений, необходимому для выполнения повседневных действий. Для оценки результатов лучевых методов исследования применялась предложенная авторами шкала рентгенологической оценки ТБС. Результаты. У детей первой подгруппы после открытого вправления бедра хорошие результаты отмечены в 17% случаев, удовлетворительные в 50%, неудовлетворительные в 33% с развитием осложнений III и IV классов по модифицированной классификации Clavien Dindo Sink в 83% наблюдений. После открытого вправления бедра, подвздошной остеотомии по Солтеру, корригирующей остеотомии бедренной кости, выполненных пациентам первой подгруппы, хорошие результаты отмечены в 50% случаев, удовлетворительные и неудовлетворительные по 25% при меньшем количестве тяжелых осложнений (50%) (р = 0,041). У детей второй подгруппы после открытого вправления бедра хорошие результаты получены в 90% случаев, удовлетворительные в 10% при частоте тяжелых осложнений 10%, а при сочетании данной операции с подвздошной остеотомией по Солтеру, корригирующей остеотомией бедренной кости хорошие результаты отмечены в 75% наблюдений, удовлетворительные в 19% и неудовлетворительные в 6% при частоте тяжелых осложнений 25% (р = 0,05). Заключение. Дифференцированный подход к лечению детей с данной патологией позволит повысить эффективность оперативных вмешательств, а его внедрение в клиническую практику будет способствовать улучшению исходов лечения

Изучение сорбции серебра из водных растворов твердофазномодифицированным Поли(n-тиокарбамоил-3-аминопропилсилсесквиоксаном)

Sorption properties of poly(3-aminopropylsilsesquioxanes) modified with thiourea groups were studied to predict the possibility of using poly(n-thiocarbamoyl-3-aminopropylsilsesquioxanes) (TCPS) in separation and concentration techniques. The sorbents were synthesized by the sol-gel method followed by solid-phase modification using ammonium thiocyanate or thiosemicarbazide as modifiers. It was established that sorbents with the highest content of thiocarbamide functional groups (modified with ammonium thiocyanate) enabled quantitative and selective recovery of Ag (I) from strongly acidic solutions. The degree of Ag (I) recovery slightly decreases at pH5, which is associated with increasing competitive sorption of Cu (II), Ca (II), Mg (II), Mn (II) and Fe (III). The highest recovery of Ag (I) for TCPS-0.63 and TCPS-0.68 was achieved at pH ranging from 4 to 8 (degree of recovery was 55–68% (TCPS-0.63); 21–26% (TCPS-0.68 )); at the same time, there was a predominance of competitive sorption of Ca (II), Mg (II), Mn (II), and Fe (III). Based on the aforementioned, it can be concluded that the sorbents modified with ammonium thiocyanate are characterized by high concentration of attached thiocarbamide groups that make them suitable for the selective recovery of Ag (I) ions from multicomponent solutions at pH 1–2.  Keyword: solid-phase extraction, selective recovery, separation of metals, concentration, functional materials, polysilsesquioxane, thiourea, thiocarbamide, silver, sol-gel method.С целью прогнозирования возможности использования поли(n-тиокарбамоил-3-аминопропилсилсесквиоксанов) (ТКПС) в методах разделения и концентрирования изучены сорбционные свойства поли(3-аминопропилсилсесквиоксанов), модифицированных тиомочевинными группами. Сорбенты синтезированы золь-гель методом с последующим твердофазным модифицированием с использованием в качестве модификатора тиоцианата аммония или тиосемикарбазида. Установлено, что сорбенты с наибольшим содержанием функциональных тиокарбамидных групп (модифицированные с помощью тиоцианата аммония) позволяют количественно и селективно извлекать Ag (I) из сильнокислых растворов. При рН5 степень извлечения Ag (I) незначительно понижается, что связано с увеличением сорбции Сu (II), Ca (II), Mg (II), Mn (II) и Fe (III). Наибольшее извлечение Ag (I) для ТКПС-0.63 и ТКПС-0.68 реализуется при рН от 4 до 8 (степень извлечения 55–68 % (ТКПС-0.63); 21–26 % (ТКПС-0.68)) одновременно с этим наблюдается преобладание конкурентной сорбции Ca (II), Mg (II), Mn (II) и Fe (III). На основании вышесказанного можно сделать вывод о том, что сорбенты, модифицированные при помощи тиоционата аммония, характеризуются высокой концентрацией привитых тиокарбамидных групп, благодаря чему они пригодны для селективного извлечения Ag (I) из многокомпонентных растворов при рН 1–2. Ключевые слова: твердофазная экстракция, селективное извлечение, разделение металлов, концентрирование, функциональные материалы, полисилсесквиоксан, тиомочевина, тиокарбамид, серебро, золь-гель мето

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Method of Audit Sampling as an Instrument of Audit Services in Digital Economy

The problems of development of audit activity have signified a drop of audit companies' business reputation. During the transformations of the global market economy of the last decades of the 21st century, the questions of minimizing costs amidst growing competition and the requirements for high professionalism of auditors, as well as the growing needs of investors and owners due to changing markets and legislation, become highly relevant in the future consideration of the issue. The article discusses and tests the methodology for using statistical research in audit based on audit materials where sampling is used as a main instrument. We analyze the possibilities of selective research utilization during an audit check of a huge amount of accounting data and reports, evaluation of the results of the check and their extrapolation to the entire population of data taking into account the correlation of the elements of the sample. In order to minimize the number of mistakes in the auditor's conclusion, we offer a sampling procedure that takes into account the points of highest risk and a method for risk evaluation. We have developed document templates to provide to auditors aimed to systemize the source data to select the sampling type, auditor's actions when processing accounting data and reports, the results of audit sampling and to reflect all the steps of sampling research at any stage of accounting process. Additionally, we have developed a set of indicators that make up the base for sampling research in audit. The method offered has been approbated on enterprise's data, which has confirmed that using these instruments of digital economics is possible, that it does not reduce the quality of the audit results, and its practical applicability from the point of view of minimization of labor. © 2019 Copyright held by the owner/author(s)