Immunohistochemical Reactivity of the 14F7 Monoclonal Antibody Raised against N-Glycolyl GM3 Ganglioside in Some Benign and Malignant Skin Neoplasms

The evaluation of 14F7 Mab (anti-N-glycolyl GM3 ganglioside) immunorecognition in normal skin, cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), and in lymph node metastases (LNM) has been previously reported. In this work we extended the study to benign (BMN) and dysplastic (DMN) melanocytic nevi, basal (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Immunohistochemical assays with 14F7 followed by a biotinylated link universal and streptavidin-AP in normal and pathological tissues were made. No reaction of 14F7 in normal skin (0/10) as well as a low reactivity in BMN (2/11) and DMN (1/7) was detected. A limited staining in BCC (2/13) and in SCC (4/8) was also evidenced, while 14F7 Mab were mostly reactive in CMM (28/28) and in LNM (6/7). These results suggest that 14F7 reactivity could be closely related with the more aggressive biological behavior of CMM and also support the use of NeuGcGM3 as target for both passive and active melanoma immunotherapy

Immunoreactivity of the 14F7 Mab (Raised against N-Glycolyl GM3 Ganglioside) as a Positive Prognostic Factor in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Therefore, numerous studies are focusing on the assessment of other biological and molecular prognostic factors in these tumors. We evaluated the relationship between 14F7 Mab reactivity, pathological features, DNA-content and S-phase fraction (SPF), and their impact in the survival of NSCLC patients. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry optical microscopy assays as well as DNA content and SPF measuring using flow cytometry were performed. The 14F7 reactivity was widely observed in NSCLC sections, no depending of the clinicopathological characteristics. We also obtained differences in the intensity of reaction with 14F7 as well as in the SPF between diploid and aneuploid carcinomas. Patients with diploid tumors showing higher SPF and 14F7 reaction joint to a low mitotic index displayed higher survival rates. Our results are in agreement with the assumption of the possible positive prognostic value of 14F7 staining in NSCLC

Immunoreactivity of the 14F7 Mab Raised against N-Glycolyl GM3 Ganglioside in Epithelial Malignant Tumors from Digestive System

The limited expression of N-Glycolyl GM3 (NeuGcGM3) ganglioside in human normal tissues, as well as its presence in melanoma and breast carcinoma using 14F7 Mab (anti-NeuGcGM3), has been previously reported. In this work we evaluated for the first time the 14F7 Mab immunorecognition in some digestive system tumors. Immunohistochemical assays were made with 14F7, followed by anti-mouse biotinylated antibody and ABC/HRP system in normal and pathological human tissues were made. No immunoreaction was evidenced in normal tissues. The reactivity of 14F7 was detected in all adenocarcinomas of the stomach (12/12), colon (12/12), and pancreas (11/11). A finely granular immunorecognition in esophageal tumors (5/15), epidermoid carcinoma of the rectum (5/7), and basaloid carcinoma (4/5) of the latter as well as in hepatocellular carcinoma (13/14) was also observed. Our results are in agreement with the assumption that NeuGcGM3 ganglioside may be considered as target for passive and active immunotherapy in digestive system malignancies expressing this molecule

Palinología del Cretácico Inferior de la sección de Montoria-La Mina (Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, España): polen de angiospermas primitivas

La sección del Cretácico Inferior de Montoria-La Mina se encuentra en el margen sur de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica (España). Sus materiales están integrados por una sucesión de lutitas y arcillas con niveles de lignitos y areniscas que se depositaron en un cinturón deltáico, pudiéndose atribuir a la Formación Escucha. Se han obtenido asociaciones palinológicas bien conservadas con un número significativo de palinomorfos que ha permitido realizar estudios de tipo cuantitativo en ocho de los doce niveles analizados. Se ha puesto de manifiesto la existencia de una flora diversa, integrada por cuarenta y cuatro tipos diferentes de criptógamas vasculares y veintiocho de fanerógamas de las divisiones Bryophyta, Lycophyta, Pteridophyta, Pteridospermophyta, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta/Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta y Magnoliophyta. Las asociaciones palinológicas se encuentran dominadas por granos de polen anemófilo de Corollina obidosensis e Inaperturopollenites dubius y por esporas psiladas de Cyathidites australis, que indican la existencia de climas cálidos y secos. Es relevante el registro de polen de angiospermas primitivas en las asociaciones estudiadas, correspondiendo a formas de tamaño pequeño, reticuladas y, por lo general, columeladas. Se describen formas inaperturadas, operculadas, monosulcadas y tricotomosulcadas que se han atribuido a los grupos Pre-Afropollis, Clavatipollenites, Liliacidites, Retimonocolpites y Retimonoporites. La aparición de estos grupos polínicos permite relacionar las asociaciones registradas con las de la parte inferior de la Zona I del Grupo Potomac (Maryland, USA) y con las del Cretácico Inferior de Israel. [ABSTRACT] The Lower Cretaceous Montoria-La Mina section is located in the extreme southern part of the Basque–Cantabrian Basin (Spain). The succession might be included into the Escucha Formation and contains siltstones and clays with interbedded deltaic lignite and sandstone rocks. The palynological analysis of these rocks shows well preserved miospore assemblages with significant numbers of specimens in eight of the twelve analysed horizons. A diverse flora composed of forty four vascular cryptogams and twenty eight fanerogams are identified, included in the divisions Bryophyta, Lycophyta, Pteridophyta, Pteridospermophyta, Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta/Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta and Magnoliophyta. The palynological assemblages are dominated by anemophilous pollen grains of Corollina obidosensis and Inaperturopollenites dubius, as well as psilate spores of Cyathidites australis, which suggest warm and dry climatic conditions. The occurrence of pollen grains of ancient angiosperms is significant in the studied assemblages. They were identified as small-sized, reticulate and generally collumelate miospores. Inaperturate, operculate, monosulcate and trichotomosulcate forms attributed to the Pre-Afropollis, Clavatipollenites, Liliacidites, Retimonocolpites and Retimonoporites pollen groups are described. The appearance of these palynological groups are compared to those in the lower part of Zone I of Potomac Group (Maryland, USA) and in the Lower Cretaceous of Israel

Estrategias para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales

El propósito de la investigación fue describir y evaluar la efectividad del programa didáctico, que orientó la ejecución del proyecto: Estrategias didácticas para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales. La investigación, de naturaleza cualitativa, se realizó con un enfoque de investigación-acción. Los informantes fueron estudiantes de la carrera docente (UPEL Maracay, Venezuela). El programa didáctico evaluado, se propone para operacionalizar los procesos de investigación necesarios para el desarrollo del proyecto, el afianzamiento de los valores del estudiante, la sensibilización hacia su papel en la educación en valores, y el entrenamiento para diseñar actividades y recursos propios de la didáctica de los valores. Los hallazgos empíricos obtenidos durante la evaluación, muestran que el programa didáctico desarrollado es efectivo

Diversidad de Anolis (Lacertilia:Dactyloidae) en bosque pluvial tropical, del Chocó- Colombia

Objective: To determine the diversity of Anolis, in areas of tropical rainforest in the area of influence of the Environmental Station of Alto San Juan, municipality of Tadó, Chocó - Colombia. Materials and methods: to carry out this research, the method of visual encounter survey (Visual Encounter Survey “VES”) was used, in relation to these three plant coverings were selected. Result: The genus Anolis is made up of seven species, of which the most representative for its abundance were Anolis chloris with 49.7% (N: 35), Anolis notopholis with 24.6% (N: 18) and Anolis maculiventris with 17.8% (N: 13). Zone 3 (Forest) with seven species, with three exclusives (A. lyra, A. granuliceps and A. latifrons), followed by Zone 2 (Ecotona) with four species, with an exclusive (A. anchicayae). The forest zone presented the best equity values (H`: 1,371). The ecotone presented a higher equity value (J ’= 0.86). The Pielou index for the three zones predicts an almost normal distribution of the individuals in the evaluated zones. Charm to dominance the highest record was obtained in the management area. Conclusiones: The vegetation cover, which is subject to constant intervention by different management processes, turned out to be the one that best offers attributes so that populations can be favored, since Anolis chloris, A. notopholis and A maculiventris, presented a good representativeness in terms of relative abundance in this disturbed area.Objetivo: Determinar la diversidad de Anolis, en zonas de bosque pluvial tropical en la zona de influencia de la Estación Ambiental del Alto San Juan, municipio de Tadó, Chocó – Colombia. Materiales y métodos: para realizar esta investigación se utilizó el método de relevamiento por encuentros visuales (Visual Encounter Survey “VES”), en relación con estos se seleccionaron tres coberturas vegetales. Resultado: El género Anolis lo constituyen siete especies, de las cuales las más representativas por su abundancia fueron Anolis chloris con 49.7% (N: 35), Anolis notopholis con 24.6% (N: 18) y Anolis maculiventris con 17.8% (N: 13). La Zona 3 (Bosque) con siete especies, con tres exclusivas (A. lyra, A. granuliceps y A. latifrons), seguida la Zona 2 (Ecotona) con cuatro especies, con una exclusiva (A. anchicayae). La zona de bosque presento los mejores valores de equidad (H`: 1.371), El ecotono presentó mayor valor de equidad (J’=0.86). El índice de Pielou para las tres zonas predice una distribución casi normal de los individuos en las zonas evaluadas. Encanto a la dominancia el mayor registro se obtuvo en el área de gestión. Conclusiones: La cobertura vegetal, que está sujeta a constante intervención por diferentes procesos de gestión, resulto ser la que mejor ofrece atributos para que poblaciones puedan resultar favorecidas, ya que Anolis chloris, A. notopholis y A maculiventris, presentaron una buena representatividad en términos de abundancia relativa en esta área perturbada.  O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar a diversidade de Anolis, em áreas de floresta tropical úmida na área de influência da Estação Ambiental de Alto San Juan, município de Tadó, Chocó - Colômbia, para realizar esta investigação, a método de pesquisa para encontros visuais (Visual Encounter Survey "VES"), em relação a estes, três coberturas vegetais foram selecionadas; onde Anolis é representado por sete espécies de que o mais representativo para a sua abundância estavam Anolis chloris com 49,7% (N: 35), Anolis notopholis 24,6% (N: 18) e Anolis maculiventris com 17,8% ( N: 13). Zona 3 (Floresta) com sete espécies, sendo três exclusivas (A. lyra, A. granuliceps e A. latifrons), seguidas pela Zona 2 (Ecotona) com quatro espécies, sendo uma exclusiva (A. anchicayae). A zona florestal apresentou os melhores valores de equidade (H`: 1,371), sendo que o ecótono apresentou o maior valor patrimonial (J '= 0,86). O índice de Pielou para as três zonas prevê uma distribuição quase normal dos indivíduos nas áreas avaliadas. Charme para o domínio o registro mais elevada foi obtida na área de gestão, os resultados dizem-nos que a cobertura vegetal, que está sujeita a intervenção constante por diferentes processos de gestão, provaram ser as melhores ofertas de atributos que as populações podem ser favorecidos, desde Anolis chloris, A. notopholis e A maculiventris, mostraram boa representatividade em termos de abundância relativa nesta área perturbada

Elaboración de un producto con alta concentración de azúcar (bocadillo) a base de mango

Tablas, anexosDebido a las grandes pérdidas del mango durante las cosechas surgió la idea del proceso de Elaboración del bocadillo de mango esto lo podemos ver en algunas regiones, los campesinos no le dan un valor a ciertos frutos y las pérdidas de este son asombrosas durante las cosechas. Para aprovechar un poco mas estos frutos nos surgió la idea de innovar un bocadillo con una fruta diferente a la guayaba en este caso el mango el cual es una fruta que aporta nutrientes que hacen parte de nuestra alimentación. Para la elaboración de este producto se tomaron 3200 gr de pulpa de mango, al cual se le adiciona 3317,331 gramos de azúcar manuelita, 31.1 gramos de pectina Disaroma, 60 gr de acido cítrico Disaroma, y gelatina sin sabor royal. El bocadillo después de varios ensayos, presento características organolépticas óptimas las cuales fueron evaluadas por degustaciones con posibles consumidores.No Abstrac

Clinicopathologic study on the effects of Glyphosate (Roundup?) at sublethal levels in a murine experimental model

P?ginas 17-24Recurso Electr?nicoEn Colombia, los pesticidas a base de glifosato se usan para el control de malezas en la agricultura y erradicaci?n de cultivos il?citos. Sin embargo, los efectos t?xicos en animales y humanos expuestos a dosis subletales son desconocidos. Este estudio evalu? los efectos cl?nico-patol?gicos de dietas con 7,5 ppm y 15 ppm glifosato en ratones Mus musculus gestantes, usando el herbicida Roundup?. Se registr? el peso corporal de las hembras, de sus cr?as, y la viabilidad de las camadas diariamente. Las lesiones macrosc?picas e histopatol?gicas en el h?gado, ri??n, ?tero y cerebro se determinaron a trav?s de necropsias en los d?as 5, 30 y 45 despu?s de la exposici?n, adem?s de los ?ndices org?nicos hep?tico y cardiaco. No hubo diferencias significativas en el peso corporal, el tama?o y la viabilidad de las camadas a ninguna de las dosis evaluadas. Se observ? congesti?n y aumento en el tama?o del h?gado, ri??n y bazo, despu?s de 5 d?as de exposici?n, sugiriendo un proceso de desintoxicaci?n. A 30 y 45 d?as, no se observaron signos cl?nicos ni lesiones patol?gicas atribuibles al glifosato; sin embargo, un aumento en el tama?o de los hepatocitos, con contenido vacuolar y granular de aspecto protein?ceo indican un efecto evidente, aunque sutil del Roundup? a dosis subletales con posible adaptabilidad org?nica. Se concluye que el consumo de alimento con 7,5 ppm y 15 ppm de glifosato durante 5, 30 y 45 d?as causa alteraciones sutiles de toxicidad en ratones durante la gestaci?n, la lactancia y el posparto, pero no en sus camadas.ABSTRACT. In Colombia, glyphosate-based pesticides are used for weed control in agriculture and eradication of illicit crops; however, the toxic effects in animals and humans exposed to sublethal doses are unknown. This study evaluated the clinical and pathological changes induced by diets containing glyphosate at 7,5 ppm and 15 ppm in pregnant mice Mus musculus, using the herbicide Roundup ?. The body-weight of pregnant females and offspring and the viability of litters were recorded daily. Gross and microscopic lesions in liver, kidney, uterus and brain were determined at necropsies performed at 5, 30 and 45 days post- exposure, in addition to the liver and heart organic indexes. No significant differences were found in body weight, size and viability of litters at any dose. Organs such as the liver, kidney and spleen were enlarged and congested at day 5 post exposure, suggesting a detoxification process. At 30 and 45 days, no clinical signs or pathological lesions attributed to glyphosate were found. However, there was an increase in the hepatocyte size, with vacuolar and granular cytoplasm and proteinaceus-like content, suggesting a subtle effect of sublethal doses of Roundup ?, with possible organ adaptability. We conclude that the consumption of food containing 7.5 ppm and 15 ppm of glyphosate for 5, 30 and 45 days, cause subtle toxic alterations in mice during pregnancy, lactation and postpartum, but not in their litters