Learning by imitation

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This paper introduces a learning algorithm that allows for imitation in recursive dynamic games. The Kiyotaki-Wright model of money is a well-known example of such decision environments. In this context, learning by experience has been studied before. Here, we introduce imitation as an additional channel for learning. In numerical simulations, we observe that the presence of imitation either speeds up social convergence to the theoretical Markov-Nash equilibrium or leads every agent of the same type to the same mode of suboptimal behavior. We observe an increase in the probability of convergence to equilibrium, as the incentives for optimal play become more pronounced

Existence of Competitive Equilibrium Under Financial constraints and Increased Returns

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This paper studies a 'factor cost in advance' model with increasing returns in production. In the model both partial equilibrium and general equilibrium may exist since working capital of firms limit their input demand. We provide a sufficient condition for the existence of partial equilibrium of a firm operating on a non-convex choice set. Furthermore we establish the existence and uniqueness of competitive equilibrium in the special case of logarithmic utility. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Prakash and Sertel's theory of non-cooperative equilibria in social systems - twenty years later

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This paper is intended as a companion to the paper 'Existence of non-cooperative equilibria in social systems by Prakash and Sertel (1974b) appearing in this volume. It aims to perform two tasks: (1) to give the reader a glimpse at the literature relevant to the existence of equilibria in social systems as it has developed since the writing of the Prakash and Sertel (PS) paper; and (2) to provide a class of examples illustrating where the PS notions of a social system and the non-cooperative equilibrium of a social system generalize the well-known concepts of games, abstract economies and their associated equilibria, showing how the existence theory of PS even today bears economic results beyond where alternative theories are applicable

Method development and validation for the determination of cabergoline in tablets by capillary zone electrophoresis

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method has been developed for the analysis of cabergoline in its pharmaceutical preparations. Optimized analysis conditions for cabergoline analysis were performed using 110 mM pH 5.0 phosphate buffer containing 30 % acetonitrile as an electrolyte solution. Separation was performed through a fused silica capillary (50 μm i.d., total length 64.5 cm, 50.0 cm effective length) at 30 ºC with an applied voltage of 30 kV and hydrodynamic injection for 4 s. Cabergoline and internal standard verapamil were detected at a wavelength of 220 nm. The calibration was liner from 5.0 to 90.0 μg mL–1 and the limit of detection and quantification were 1.25 and 3.77 μg mL–1 Optimized CE . method was validated on the basis of related ICH guideline and found as an accurate, sensitive, precise and reproducible method for cabergoline determination. Developed method is also successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations containing cabergoline.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Method development and validation for the determination of cabergoline in tablets by capillary zone electrophoresis

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method has been developed for the analysis of cabergoline in its pharmaceutical preparations. Optimized analysis conditions for cabergoline analysis were performed using 110 mM pH 5.0 phosphate buffer containing 30 % acetonitrile as an electrolyte solution. Separation was performed through a fused silica capillary (50 μm i.d., total length 64.5 cm, 50.0 cm effective length) at 30 ºC with an applied voltage of 30 kV and hydrodynamic injection for 4 s. Cabergoline and internal standard verapamil were detected at a wavelength of 220 nm. The calibration was liner from 5.0 to 90.0 μg mL–1 and the limit of detection and quantification were 1.25 and 3.77 μg mL–1 Optimized CE . method was validated on the basis of related ICH guideline and found as an accurate, sensitive, precise and reproducible method for cabergoline determination. Developed method is also successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations containing cabergoline.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Spectrophotometric analysis of Cabergoline in pharmaceutical preparations

Cabergoline (CAB) is a synthetic ergoline dopamine agonist with high affinity to D2 receptors, thus used for the treatment of Parkinson's patients and hyperprolactinemia disorders. In this study, simple, fast, reliable and validated UV-VIS and 2nd order derivative spectrophotometric methods for determination of CAB in pharmaceutical preparations were developed without any previous sample preparation step. Determination of CAB was performed at 280 nm wavelength by UV-VIS spectrophotometry and in the range of 227-232 nm by 2nd order derivative spectrophotometry. Developed both spectrophotometric methods were linear over the range of CAB concentrations from 1 to 125 µg mL-1-. The highest relative error and relative standard deviation in within-day and day-to-day study for UV-VIS spectrophotometry were found to be 1.10% and 0.63%, respectively. The relative error and relative standard deviation in within-day and day-to-day study for 2nd order derivative spectrophotometry were not higher than 1.10% and 0.70%, respectively.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Method development and validation for the determination of cabergoline in tablets by capillary zone electrophoresis

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method has been developed for the analysis of cabergoline in its pharmaceutical preparations. Optimized analysis conditions for cabergoline analysis were performed using 110 mM pH 5.0 phosphate buffer containing 30 % acetonitrile as an electrolyte solution. Separation was performed through a fused silica capillary (50 μm i.d., total length 64.5 cm, 50.0 cm effective length) at 30 ºC with an applied voltage of 30 kV and hydrodynamic injection for 4 s. Cabergoline and internal standard verapamil were detected at a wavelength of 220 nm. The calibration was liner from 5.0 to 90.0 μg mL–1 and the limit of detection and quantification were 1.25 and 3.77 μg mL–1 Optimized CE . method was validated on the basis of related ICH guideline and found as an accurate, sensitive, precise and reproducible method for cabergoline determination. Developed method is also successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations containing cabergoline.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

A population-based survey of Chronic REnal Disease In Turkey—the CREDIT study

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health problem worldwide that leads to end-stage kidney failure and cardiovascular complications. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD in Turkey, and to evaluate relationships between CKD and cardiovascular risk factors in a population-based survey