МЕТОД ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ПРЕДСТАВЛЕННЯ ТА ЗАХИСТУ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ У ВІДЕОПОТОЦІ НА ОСНОВІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КОМПЕНСАЦІЇ ЇХ РУХУ

Останнім часом особлива увага при реалізацції необхідного рівня інформаційного забезпечення приділяється бездротовим технологіям. Їх використання сприяє зростанню попиту на надання відеоінформаційних сервісів. Це супроводжується зростанням інтенсивності відеопотоків та збільшенням часу обробки відеоінформації, у результаті чого вони значно перевершують пропускні можливості мереж.  Отже, існує суперечність, яка викликана: з одного боку зростанням вимог щодо якості відеоінформації; з іншого боку складнощами щодо надання сервісів заданої якості з використанням бездротових технологій. У статті розглядаються питання, пов'язані з швидкістю відеопотоку відеоінформації в залежності від необхідної якості відеоданих, від просторового дозволу і частоти кадрів. У статті зроблено висновок, що при тенденції зростання обсягів відеоінформації в комплексах ВКЗ – необхідно вдосконалювати методи кодування. Для підвищення ефективності управлінської та експлуатаційної діяльності пропонується вдосконалювати існуючі методи кодування динамічних об’єкті відеопотоку даних алгоритмами компенсації руху для відеоконференцзв’язку в системі управління військами. Як результат в статті запропоновано шеститочковий алгоритм пошуку, який здатний збільшити оперативність та знизити час обробки відеоінформації  між абонентами. Такий підхід в подальшому, за рахунок вдосконалення існуючих методів кодування динамічних об’єктів відеопотоку даних алгоритмами компенсації руху, дозволить покращити ефективність використання відеоконферензв’язку, наприклад,  в системі управління військами

Neurocognitive profiles in help-seeking individuals: comparison of risk for psychosis and bipolar disorder criteria

Background. Neurocognitive deficits are important aspects of the schizophrenic disorders because they have a strong impact on social and vocational outcomes. We expanded on previous research by focusing on the neurocognitive profiles of persons at high risk (HR) or ultra-high risk (UHR) for schizophrenic and affective psychoses. Our main aim was to determine whether neurocognitive measures are sufficiently sensitive to predict a group affiliation based on deficits in functional domains. Method. This study included 207 help-seeking individuals identified as HR (n=75), UHR (n=102) or at high risk for bipolar disorder (HRBip; n=30), who were compared with persons comprising a matched, healthy control group (CG; n=50). Neuropsychological variables were sorted according to their load in a factor analysis and were compared among groups. In addition, the likelihood of group membership was estimated using logistic regression analyses. Results. The performance of HR and HRBip participants was comparable, and intermediate between the controls and UHR. The domain of processing speed was most sensitive in discriminating HR and UHR [odds ratio (OR) 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.28-0.78, p=0.004] whereas learning and memory deficits predicted a conversion to schizophrenic psychosis (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25-0.87, p=0.01). Conclusions. Performances on neurocognitive tests differed among our three at-risk groups and may therefore be useful in predicting psychosis. Overall, cognition had a profound effect on the extent of general functioning and satisfaction with life for subjects at risk of psychosis. Thus, this factor should become a treatment target in itsel

Notes on Stein-Sahi representations and some problems of non L2L^2 harmonic analysis

We discuss one natural class of kernels on pseudo-Riemannian symmetric spaces.Comment: 40p

Help-seeking pathways in early psychosis

INTRODUCTION: Understanding the help-seeking pathways of patients with a putative risk of developing psychosis helps improving development of specialised care services. This study aimed at obtaining information about: type of health professionals contacted by patients at putative risk for psychosis on their help-seeking pathways; number of contacts; type of symptoms leading to contacts with health professionals; interval between initial contact and referral to a specialised outpatient service. METHOD: The help-seeking pathways were assessed as part of a prospective study in 104 patients with suspected at-risk states for psychosis. RESULTS: The mean number of contacts prior to referral was 2.38. Patients with psychotic symptoms more often contacted mental health professionals, whereas patients with insidious and more unspecific features more frequently contacted general practitioners (GPs). CONCLUSIONS: GPs have been found to under-identify the insidious features of emerging psychosis (Simon et al. (2005) Br J Psychiatry 187:274–281). The fact that they were most often contacted by patients with exactly these features calls for focussed and specialised help for primary care physicians. Thus, delays along the help-seeking pathways may be shortened. This may be of particular relevance for patients with the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia

Structure of a highly conserved domain of rock1 required for shroom-mediated regulation of cell morphology

Rho-associated coiled coil containing protein kinase (Rho-kinase or Rock) is a well-defined determinant of actin organization and dynamics in most animal cells characterized to date. One of the primary effectors of Rock is non-muscle myosin II. Activation of Rock results in increased contractility of myosin II and subsequent changes in actin architecture and cell morphology. The regulation of Rock is thought to occur via autoinhibition of the kinase domain via intramolecular interactions between the N-terminus and the C-terminus of the kinase. This autoinhibited state can be relieved via proteolytic cleavage, binding of lipids to a Pleckstrin Homology domain near the C-terminus, or binding of GTP-bound RhoA to the central coiled-coil region of Rock. Recent work has identified the Shroom family of proteins as an additional regulator of Rock either at the level of cellular distribution or catalytic activity or both. The Shroom-Rock complex is conserved in most animals and is essential for the formation of the neural tube, eye, and gut in vertebrates. To address the mechanism by which Shroom and Rock interact, we have solved the structure of the coiled-coil region of Rock that binds to Shroom proteins. Consistent with other observations, the Shroom binding domain is a parallel coiled-coil dimer. Using biochemical approaches, we have identified a large patch of residues that contribute to Shrm binding. Their orientation suggests that there may be two independent Shrm binding sites on opposing faces of the coiled-coil region of Rock. Finally, we show that the binding surface is essential for Rock colocalization with Shroom and for Shroom-mediated changes in cell morphology. © 2013 Mohan et al

The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in large plant clades: Apocynaceae as a case study

Background and Aims Large clades of angiosperms are often characterized by diverse interactions with pollinators, but how these pollination systems are structured phylogenetically and biogeographically is still uncertain for most families. Apocynaceae is a clade of >5300 species with a worldwide distribution. A database representing >10 % of species in the family was used to explore the diversity of pollinators and evolutionary shifts in pollination systems across major clades and regions. Methods The database was compiled from published and unpublished reports. Plants were categorized into broad pollination systems and then subdivided to include bimodal systems. These were mapped against the five major divisions of the family, and against the smaller clades. Finally, pollination systems were mapped onto a phylogenetic reconstruction that included those species for which sequence data are available, and transition rates between pollination systems were calculated. Key Results Most Apocynaceae are insect pollinated with few records of bird pollination. Almost three-quarters of species are pollinated by a single higher taxon (e.g. flies or moths); 7 % have bimodal pollination systems, whilst the remaining approx. 20 % are insect generalists. The less phenotypically specialized flowers of the Rauvolfioids are pollinated by a more restricted set of pollinators than are more complex flowers within the Apocynoids + Periplocoideae + Secamonoideae + Asclepiadoideae (APSA) clade. Certain combinations of bimodal pollination systems are more common than others. Some pollination systems are missing from particular regions, whilst others are over-represented. Conclusions Within Apocynaceae, interactions with pollinators are highly structured both phylogenetically and biogeographically. Variation in transition rates between pollination systems suggest constraints on their evolution, whereas regional differences point to environmental effects such as filtering of certain pollinators from habitats. This is the most extensive analysis of its type so far attempted and gives important insights into the diversity and evolution of pollination systems in large clades

Warmer Conditions Favor Conifer Tree Establishment at the Muddy River Lahar in Mt. St. Helens, Washington

Climate variability impacts on Pacific Northwest forests are of great concern, especially on evergreen coniferous ecosystems which dominate a large portion of the landscape. Understanding the effect of climate variability and its potential impacts on forest regeneration is crucial, as this is a foundational process with long-lasting consequences on structure and composition of future ecosystems. The objective of this study was to uncover the possible influences of natural climate variability on conifer tree establishments on the Muddy Rivers Lahar following the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, WA. We hypothesized that tree establishment increased gradually over time, tree establishments was limited by moisture availability and ENSO with temperature mediating tree establishment at higher elevations. Tree-establishment dates at the annual-scale were determined from ca. 744 individual conifer trees that were harvested along the Muddy Rivers Lahar. Tree establishment distribution by species and shade tolerance groups were clustered and plotted to graphically interpret possible spatial patterns across the Lahar. Years of high tree establishment are primarily associated with above average temperature conditions during winter, spring and summer of the year of establishment, but also prior and after the establishment year, suggesting a climatic effect on germination, cone production, and seedling survival, respectively. Our findings also suggest that temperature and tree species traits (i.e. shade tolerance) mediated climate-establishment relationships. Combined, our results suggest that under ongoing warming trends, tree establishments have not been negatively affected at the elevation and maritime conditions of the Muddy River Lahar