OS MÚLTIPLOS SABERES NA FORMAÇÃO JURÍDICA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DA MUDANÇA NA MATRIZ CURRICULAR DO CURSO DE DIREITO DA UniEVANGELICA EM ANÁPOLIS, GOIÁS.

Este artigo é resultado de uma ampla discussão acadêmica, vivenciada pelo colegiado do Curso de Direito no Centro Universitário de Anápolis e que os professores/autores fizeram questão de registrar. Também, representa asocialização de experiências do Núcleo Docente Estruturante (NDE) no sentido de construir um projeto pedagógico que supere os entraves do conservadorismo rumo a uma formação integral, humanista e interdisciplinar. Nossa intenção não é apresentar um novo modelo curricular, mas apresentar as nossas experiências coletivas em pensar um curso de Direito que leve em consideração a multiplicidadede olhares necessários à formação do estudante de direito. Nesse sentido, não esperamos, com esse relato, apresentar um modelo acabado, longe disso. Muito mais, registrar a nossa experiência na construção coletiva de um projeto de curso e os nossos argumentos na defesa dessa proposta apresentada

Análise do uso de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos pelas idosas do conviver em Rio Verde-Goiás / Analysis of the use of anti-hypertensive medicines and antidiabetics for the elderly of living in Rio Verde-Goiás

As doenças cardio e cerebrovasculares, atualmente, são as maiores causas de morbi-mortalidade no mundo, significativamente em idosos. Estas patologias têm como base principal as duas comorbidades mais prevalentes: hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus.  Sabe-se que o tratamento farmacológico com anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos é essencial para a prevenção da mortalidade por essas doenças. Diante disso, este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os medicamentos utilizados pelas idosas do Centro de Convivência e Assistência ao Idoso (Conviver) no controle de diabetes e hipertensão arterial, assim como enfatizar a importância da adesão ao tratamento. A amostra foi constituída por 46 idosas, sendo que a mais nova possui 61 anos e a mais velha 87 anos. Quanto à presença de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, 34 pacientes (73,9%) são portadoras. Destas, 24 idosas relataram uso farmacológico de anti-hipertensivos. Em relação à comorbidade diabetes mellitus, 11 idosas, ou seja, (23,91%) a possuíam. Destas, apenas 3 idosas afirmaram o uso contínuo e regular de antidiabéticos. No decorrer do presente trabalho foi assinalada a importância do uso das medicações antihipertensivas e antidiabéticas para a prevenção de doenças cardio e cerebrovascular e renal, na busca do aumento da expectativa de vida e redução da morbimortalidade da população.  

MULTILINGUISMO DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO: A DINÂMICA DA LIBRAS, LÍNGUA DE SINAIS KAAPOR E LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA NO DIALETO MARANHENSE

Santos et al. (2020) in their study observe that the Maranhense dialect is unique throughout the national territory, it has its linguistic vices, but it is still possible to flex verbs and use the pronouns in their correct form. With regard to Libras (Brazilian Sign Language), they describe that there is a diversification of signs in their own elaboration and transfer of emotions in all aspects, this is a characteristic of this State. About the Ka'apor tribe, what is known is that they appeared in the region bathed by the Xingu and Tocantins rivers, 300 years ago. The main objective of this work is to present the multilingualism present in the state of Maranhão, addressing dialects, accents, emergence, variations, among other aspects, and to materialize the linguistics of Maranhão and its importance in enhancing bilingualism and indigenous sign languages ​​within classrooms. class based on public policies for inclusive education, cultural and educational diversity. This work consists of a narrative and descriptive bibliographic investigation, which is carried out by consulting research databases such as the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and the academic Google. The study brought important reflections on the relevance of the languages ​​present in the state of Maranhão, such as the oral Portuguese language and the signed languages ​​of Libras and the Brazilian Kaapor Sign Language (LSKB), as well as characterizing the multifaceted linguistics present in the state and their relevance in valuing bilingualism and indigenous sign language.Santos et al. (2020) en su estudio señalan que el dialecto Maranhão es único en todo el país, tiene sus vicios lingüísticos, pero los verbos aún pueden ser flexionados y los pronombres en su forma correcta. Con respecto a libras (lengua de señas brasileña), describen que hay una diversificación de signos en su propia elaboración y transferencia de emociones en todos los aspectos, esto es característico de este Estado. Sobre la tribu Kaapor, lo que sí se sabe es que tuvieron su surgimiento en la región bañada por los ríos Xingu y Tocantins, hace 300 años. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar el multilingüismo presente en el estado de Maranhão, abordando dialectos, acentos, emergencias, variaciones, entre otros aspectos y realizando la lingüística de Maranhão y su importancia en la valoración del bilingüismo y las lenguas de signos indígenas dentro de las aulas basadas en las políticas públicas de educación inclusiva, diversidad cultural y educativa. Este trabajo consiste en una investigación bibliográfica narrativa y descriptiva, que se realiza a través de la consulta en bases de datos de investigación como la Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea (SCIELO), el Centro de Información de Recursos Educativos (ERIC) y el académico Google. El estudio trajo importantes reflexiones sobre la relevancia de las lenguas presentes en el estado de Maranhão, como la lengua oral portuguesa y las lenguas de señas de Libras y la Lengua de Señas Ka'apor Brasileira (LSKB), así como caracterizó los multifacéticos lingüísticos presentes.Santos e colaboradores (2020) em seu estudo observam que o dialeto maranhense é único em todo território nacional, possui seus vícios linguísticos, porém ainda se consegue flexionar verbos e empregar os pronomes em sua forma correta. No que se refere a Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais), descrevem que acontece uma diversificação de sinais na sua elaboração própria e repasse de emoções em todos os aspectos, isso é característica própria deste Estado. Acerca da tribo Kaapor, o que se sabe é que tiveram seu surgimento na região banhada pelos rios Xingu e Tocantins, há 300 anos. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar o multilinguismo presente no estado do Maranhão, abordando dialetos, sotaques, surgimento, variações, entre outros aspectos e concretizar a linguística do Maranhão e sua importância em valorizar o bilinguismo e as línguas de sinais indígenas dentro de salas de aula tendo como base as políticas públicas da educação inclusiva, diversidade cultural e educacional. Este trabalho consiste em uma investigação bibliográfica narrativa e descritiva, sendo esta realizada através de consulta em bases de dados de pesquisa como a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), o Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) e o Google acadêmico. O estudo trouxe reflexões importantes sobre a relevância das línguas presentes no estado do Maranhão como a Língua Portuguesa oral e as línguas sinalizadas de Libras e a Língua de Sinais Ka’apor Brasileira (LSKB), bem como também caracterizou as multifacetas linguísticas presentes no Estado e sua relevância em valorizar o bilinguismo e a língua de sinais indígena.Santos e colaboradores (2020) em seu estudo observam que o dialeto maranhense é único em todo território nacional, possui seus vícios linguísticos, porém ainda se consegue flexionar verbos e empregar os pronomes em sua forma correta. No que se refere a Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais), descrevem que acontece uma diversificação de sinais na sua elaboração própria e repasse de emoções em todos os aspectos, isso é característica própria deste Estado. Acerca da tribo Kaapor, o que se sabe é que tiveram seu surgimento na região banhada pelos rios Xingu e Tocantins, há 300 anos. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar o multilinguismo presente no estado do Maranhão, abordando dialetos, sotaques, surgimento, variações, entre outros aspectos e concretizar a linguística do Maranhão e sua importância em valorizar o bilinguismo e as línguas de sinais indígenas dentro de salas de aula tendo como base as políticas públicas da educação inclusiva, diversidade cultural e educacional. Este trabalho consiste em uma investigação bibliográfica narrativa e descritiva, sendo esta realizada através de consulta em bases de dados de pesquisa como a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), o Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) e o Google acadêmico. O estudo trouxe reflexões importantes sobre a relevância das línguas presentes no estado do Maranhão como a Língua Portuguesa oral e as línguas sinalizadas de Libras e a Língua de Sinais Ka’apor Brasileira (LSKB), bem como também caracterizou as multifacetas linguísticas presentes no Estado e sua relevância em valorizar o bilinguismo e a língua de sinais indígena

Database Survey of Anti-Inflammatory Plants in South America: A Review

Inflammation is a complex event linked to tissue damage whether by bacteria, physical trauma, chemical, heat or any other phenomenon. This physiological response is coordinated largely by a variety of chemical mediators that are released from the epithelium, the immunocytes and nerves of the lamina propria. However, if the factor that triggers the inflammation persists, the inflammation can become relentless, leading to an intensification of the lesion. The present work is a literature survey of plant extracts from the South American continent that have been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity. This review refers to 63 bacterial families of which the following stood out: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae and Celastraceae, with their countries, parts used, types of extract used, model bioassays, organisms tested and their activity

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). METHODS/DESIGN: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH2O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure 6430 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. DISCUSSION: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration metho

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Clinical aspects of Chagas disease and implications for novel therapies.

The interaction between the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and the human host dates back 9,000 years, as demonstrated by molecular analysis of material obtained from Andean mummies indicating the presence of the parasite?s kinetoplast DNA in populations from Chile and Peru. This long-established interaction, which persists today, demonstrates that T. cruzi has established a very well adapted relationship with the human host. From the point of view of a host?parasite relationship, this is desirable; however, such a high degree of adaptation is perhaps the foundation for many of the unknowns that surround this disease. Unveiling of the immunological mechanisms that underlie the establishment of pathology, identification of parasite-associated factors that determine strain-differential tissue tropism, discovery of host genetic elements that influence the development of different clinical forms of the disease, and understanding environmental factors that may influence the host?parasite interactions are some of the key questions that remain to be answered. The response to these questions will aid in addressing some of the current challenges in Chagas disease: fulfilling the need for efficient diagnosis, developing effective prophylactic measures, discovering effective therapeutics, and finding methods to control disease progression

Viabilidade agroeconômica do consórcio mamona e amendoim em área do semiárido brasileiro

Abstract Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is important an important plant due to its easily cultivation, drought tolerance and beneficial adaptation combined to other food crops, like peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Castor is an interesting option to increase producer income and improve land use efficiency in intercropping. This research was carried out to evaluate advantages, yield, cost of production and profitability in the intercropping castor/peanut as a function of sowing time. The castor genotype (BRS Energia) and peanut (BR-1) were grown in monocropping and intercropping systems. A randomized block design was used with four replications and eight treatments, being five treatments in intercropping (castor + peanut) varying the interval sowing of peanut regarding to the sowing of castor (0, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days), and three treatments with castor and peanut cultivated in monocropping. The yield of both crops as well the profitability of the cropping systems, cost of production and competitive rates were evaluated. The grain yield of both intercropped crops was affected when the sowing time was expanded. There was better castor yield in longer sowing time compared to peanut. In this case, intercropping was more advantageous to castorbean when peanut was sown between 15 and 20 days late with better competitive ability of castor. The larger total operational cost of US$ 1452.11 ha -1 observed in peanut monocropping spaced 1.0 m × 0.2 m mainly due to higher material expenses and inputs, compared to intercropped system. The intercropping castor/peanut in the spaces 2.0 × 0.5 (castor) and 2.0 × 0.2 (peanut) under Brazilian semiarid region can be suitable and profitable when peanut is sown 20 days after castor

Cellular and Genetic Mechanisms Involved in the Generation of Protective and Pathogenic Immune Responses in Human Chagas Disease

Perhaps one of the most intriguing aspects of human Chagas disease is the complex network of events that underlie the generation of protective versus pathogenic immune responses during the chronic phase of the disease. While most individuals do not develop patent disease, a large percentage may develop severe forms that eventually lead to death. Although many efforts have been devoted to deciphering these mechanisms, there is still much to be learned before we can fully understand the pathogenesis of Chagas disease. It is clear that the host’s immune response is decisive in this process. While characteristics of the parasite influence the immune response, it is becoming evident that the host genetic background plays a fundamental role in the establishment of pathogenic versus protective responses. The involvement of three complex organisms, host, parasite and vector, is certainly one of the key aspects that calls for multidisciplinary approaches towards the understanding of Chagas disease. We believe that now, one hundred years after the discovery of Chagas disease, it is imperative to continue with highly interactive research in order to elucidate the immune response associated with disease evolution, which will be essential in designing prophylactic or therapeutic interventions