Гранитоиды обрамления Криворожской структуры. Проблемы корреляции геологических тел и комплексов

Current population genetic models fail to cope with genetic differentiation for species with large, contiguous and heterogeneous distribution. We show that in such a case, genetic differentiation can be predicted at equilibrium by circuit theory, where conductance corresponds to abundance in species distribution models (SDM). Circuit-SDM approach was used for the phylogeographic study of the lepidopteran cereal stemborer Busseola fusca Füller (Noctuidae) across sub-Saharan Africa. Species abundance was surveyed across its distribution range. SDM models were optimized and selected by cross validation. Relationship between observed matrices of genetic differentiation between individuals, and matrices of resistance distance was assessed through Mantel tests and redundancy discriminant analyses (RDA). A total of 628 individuals from 130 localities in 17 countries were genotyped at 7 microsatellite loci. Six population clusters were found based on a Bayesian analysis. The eastern margin of Dahomey Gap between East and West Africa was the main factor of genetic differentiation. The SDM projections at present, last interglacial and last glacial maximum periods were used for estimation of circuit resistance between locations of genotyped individuals. For all periods of time, when using either all individuals or only East-African individuals, partial Mantel r and RDA analyses conditioning on geographic distance were found significant. Under future projections (year 2080), partial r and RDA significance were different. From this study, it is concluded that analytical solutions provided by circuit theory are useful for the evolutionary management of populations and for phylogeographic analysis when coalescence times are not accessible by approximate Bayesian simulations

Cellulites dentaires (facteurs prédictifs de gravité)

Depuis 2 ans, le service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale du CHU de Clermont-Ferrand rencontre une forte recrudescence des cas de cellulites dentaires. Elle s'accompagne d'une augmentation des cas graves avec extension cervico-faciale et mise en jeu du pronostic vital ; imposant une trachéotomie en urgence, un séjour en réanimation et des drainages itératifs. Face à cette situation non standardisée, nous avons cherché à identifier des facteurs prédictifs de gravité pour mieux appréhender les patients à risque. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur 7 ans (2004-2010) incluant 408 cas de cellulites dentaires chirurgicales, se divisant en 2 axes : un rapport rétrospectif avec description de l'épidémiologie globale, une étude statistique des facteurs exposant aux risques de reprises chirurgicales, de réanimation ou de trachéotomie. L'incidence des cellulites dentaires dans notre service a quasiment doublée en 2009 et 2010 par rapport aux 5 années précédentes avec 69% des cas de réanimation et 77% des patients trachéotomisés portant sur ces 2 années. Nous avons pu identifier trois catégories de facteurs de risques, certains avec des associations très significatives en termes de risque relatif de complications : ceux liés au malade notamment l'alcool, les pathologies immunosuppressives et psychiatriques ; ceux liés à l'infection elle-même : la dent causale (molaires mandibulaires), un taux de CRP > 150 mg/l, le stade et la diffusion de l'infection avec utilisation d'un score de sévérité ; ceux liés au parcours de soins avant notre prise en charge : la durée d'évolution, la multiplicité des consultations avant l'arrivée dans le service et la prise d'anti-inflammatoires. L'identification et la connaissance de facteurs prédictifs de gravité détectables dès la prise en charge initiale nous paraissent essentielles à tout chirurgien maxillo-facial pour gérer au mieux le risque vital tant sur les voies aériennes supérieures que sur le plan septique. Ceux liés au parcours de soins (errance diagnostique et thérapeutique) semblent accessibles à la prévention et nourrissent le débat sur l'utilisation des anti-inflammatoires dans cette pathologie.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocSudocFranceF

ÉDITER LA CROISADE DES ENFANTS DE MARCEL SCHWOB EN VERSION ENRICHIE : QUELS ENJEUX DE RÉCEPTION ?

L’article qui suit est issu d’un entretien entre Nathalie Brillant-Rannou et des coordinatrices de l’édition enrichie de La Croisade des enfants de Marcel Schwob. Le groupe « Lectures et médiations numériques » (EA CELLAM, Université Rennes 2) a engagé une recherche-action reposant sur la conception d’un livre au format ePub3 à partir de ce récit du XIXe siècle, en collaboration avec le studio L’Apprimerie. Cet ouvrage enrichi est appelé à faire l’objet d’une étude de réception dans un second volet du projet. À travers cette démarche, il s’agit de voir dans quelle mesure la remédiatisation d’une oeuvre littéraire est à même d’en favoriser l’appropriation en décloisonnant les horizons d’attente et les habitudes de lecture. Les contenus émergents que constituent les livres numériques enrichis invitent en effet à dépasser les oppositions binaires écran-papier et lecture linéaire-lecture délinéarisée. Les oeuvres patrimoniales remédiatisées qui intègrent de l’hypertexte et des contenus multimédias ouvrent des pistes de réflexion spécifiques au sein de cet ensemble. Cet entretien porte sur les choix éditoriaux effectués et sur les hypothèses de réception qui les ont sous-tendus, particulièrement en termes de compétences de lecture et d’enjeux de patrimonialisation.The article that follows recounts an interview between Nathalie Brillant-Rannou and coordinators of the enriched edition of Marcel Schwob's The Children's Crusade. In collaboration with the studio L'Apprimerie, the group "Reading and Digital Mediations" (EA CELLAM, University Rennes 2) conducted an action-based research study on the design of a book in ePub3 format from Schwob's nineteenth century story. This enriched book is to be the subject of a reception study in the second part of the project. Through this approach, it is necessary to see to what extent the remediatization of a literary work is able to promote its appropriation by decompartmentalizing the horizons of expectation, as well as the habits of reading. The emergent contents of enriched digital books invite us to go beyond the binary oppositions between paper and screens, between linear reading and delineared reading. The remediatized heritage works, which integrate hypertext and multimedia content, open up specific lines of thought within this ensemble. This interview focuses on the editorial choices made and the reception hypotheses that underpin them, particularly in terms of reading skills and heritage issues

Ostéomyélite extensive de la mandibule à

Les ostéomyélites cervico-faciales à Actinomyces naeslundii sont des infections granulomateuses chroniques rares. La symptomatologie clinique est peu spécifique. Le diagnostic est confirmé par les examens bactériologiques et anatomopathologiques. Le traitement associe une antibiothérapie prolongée et un traitement chirurgical agressif visant à éliminer tous les tissus nécrosés. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un patient, âgé de 24 ans, pris en charge pour une ostéomyélite à Actinomyces naeslundii et à Streptoccocus alpha-hémolytique de la branche montante de la mandibule, apparue après avulsion de la 48

Five Predictors Affecting the Prognosis of Patients with Severe Odontogenic Infections

International audienceBackground: Dental cellulitis management is no longer a simple procedure, as more and more patients are needing long-time hospitalization, several surgeries and intensive care follow-up. This prospective study seeks to highlight criteria that can split patients with severe odontogenic infection into two groups: those with simple evolution and those for whom complex management is necessary. Methods: In this observational study, all patients considered with a severe odontogenic infection (which necessitated hospital admission, intravenous antibiotics and general anaesthesia) were enrolled between January 2004 and December 2014 from Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital (France). They were split into two groups: those who needed one surgical intervention with tooth extraction and collection drainage combined with probabilistic antibiotic to treat infection and those who need several surgeries, intensive care unit follow-up or tracheotomy to achieve healing. Results: 653 patients were included, of which 611 (94%) had one surgery, 42 (6%) had more than one surgery before healing. Penicillin allergy (p < 0.001), psychiatric disorders (p = 0.005), oropharyngeal oedema (p = 0.008), floor oedema (p = 0.004), fever (p = 0.04) and trismus (p = 0.018) on admission were the most relevant predictors of complex evolution. A conditional inference tree (CTREE) illustrated the association of prognostic factors and the need of multiple surgery. Conclusions: Besides clinical symptoms of severity, complications of severe odontogenic infection are predicted by measurables and objectives criteria as penicillin allergy, mandibular molar, Creactive protein level, psychiatric disorders and alcohol abuse. Their specific association potentialize the risks. IRB number: CE-CIC-GREN-12-08

Atypical surgical approaches for removal of ectopic third molars: report of three cases

Introduction: Surgical techniques for wisdom tooth extraction are very well described and codified in the literature. As far as standard approaches are concerned, oral surgeons enjoy a wide array of therapeutics and methods to remove impacted third molars. However, conventional intra-oral first path is not suitable when it comes to atypical inclusion and/or limited access. Observation: This paper illustrates extreme situations where the intra-oral armamentarium shows its weaknesses: first, two cases where modified submandibular access was successfully used to remove deeply impacted lower third molars; and 1 case where Lefort I osteotomy was achieved to remove a maxillary third molar projected into the pterygo-maxillary fossa. Discussion: The extra-oral surgical approach for dental extraction is very rare and in most cases the classical intra-oral approach dominates. However, when intra-oral surgery of the pterygo-maxillary fossa is impossible by the conventional endobuccal method, appropriate extra-oral approaches might be useful. Conclusion: Rarely, atypical surgical approaches may be used for removal of ectopic third molars

Effect of exercise training on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in rat heart and gastrocnemius muscle

International audienc

Wood architecture and composition are deeply remodeled in frost sensitive eucalyptus overexpressing CBF/DREB1 transcription factors

Eucalypts are the most planted trees worldwide, but most of them are frost sensitive. Overexpressing transcription factors for CRT-repeat binding factors (CBFs) in transgenic Eucalyptus confer cold resistance both in leaves and stems. While wood plays crucial roles in trees and is affected by environmental cues, its potential role in adaptation to cold stress has been neglected. Here, we addressed this question by investigating the changes occurring in wood in response to the overexpression of two CBFs, taking advantage of available transgenic Eucalyptus lines. We performed histological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses on xylem samples. CBF ectopic expression led to a reduction of both primary and secondary growth, and triggered changes in xylem architecture with smaller and more frequent vessels and fibers exhibiting reduced lumens. In addition, lignin content and syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio increased. Consistently, many genes of the phenylpropanoid and lignin branch pathway were upregulated. Most of the features of xylem remodeling induced by CBF overexpression are reminiscent of those observed after long exposure of Eucalyptus trees to chilling temperatures. Altogether, these results suggest that CBF plays a central role in the cross-talk between response to cold and wood formation and that the remodeling of wood is part of the adaptive strategies to face cold stress.The Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III (UPS), the French MERI (Ministry of Education, Research and Innovation), and the French Laboratory of Excellence project ‘TULIP’(ANR-10-LABX-41; ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02). This research was also financially supported by the Vietnamese government for PhD grants (P.B. Cao and C. Nguyen).http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijmshj2020BiochemistryForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)GeneticsMicrobiology and Plant Patholog