КРИЗА ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ В ПОБУТОВІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ СУЧАСНИХ УКАЇНЦІВ. (Іdentify crisis in modern ijkrainians everyday culture.)

Статтю присвячено осмисленню проблеми ідентичності в побутовій культурі сучасних українців. Розглянуто види ідентичності у сфері побутової культури, проаналізовано її вияв у етнокультурній площині. Також у статті осмислено взаємозв'язок побутової культури та ідентичності сучасних українців. (This article is devoted to understanding the problem in identity in modern Ukrainians everyday culture. Author considers kinds of identity in everyday culture sphere, analyses their expression in ethnic-culture planes. Also, article interprets correlation in different kinds of modern Ukrainians identities.

Entropy of complex relevant components of Boolean networks

Boolean network models of strongly connected modules are capable of capturing the high regulatory complexity of many biological gene regulatory circuits. We study numerically the previously introduced basin entropy, a parameter for the dynamical uncertainty or information storage capacity of a network as well as the average transient time in random relevant components as a function of their connectivity. We also demonstrate that basin entropy can be estimated from time-series data and is therefore also applicable to non-deterministic networks models.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Self-doping processes between planes and chains in the metal-to-superconductor transition of YBa2Cu3O6.9

The interplay between the quasi 1-dimensional CuO-chains and the 2-dimensional CuO2 planes of YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) has been in focus for a long time. Although the CuO-chains are known to be important as charge reservoirs that enable superconductivity for a range of oxygen doping levels in YBCO, the understanding of the dynamics of its temperature-driven metal-superconductor transition (MST) remains a challenge. We present a combined study using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) revealing how a reconstruction of the apical O(4)-derived interplanar orbitals during the MST of optimally doped YBCO leads to substantial hole-transfer from the chains into the planes, i.e. self-doping. Our ionic model calculations show that localized divalent charge-transfer configurations are expected to be abundant in the chains of YBCO. While these indeed appear in the RIXS spectra from YBCO in the normal, metallic, state, they are largely suppressed in the superconducting state and, instead, signatures of Cu trivalent charge-transfer configurations in the planes become enhanced. In the quest for understanding the fundamental mechanism for high-Tc-superconductivity (HTSC) in perovskite cuprate materials, the observation of such an interplanar self-doping process in YBCO opens a unique novel channel for studying the dynamics of HTSC.Comment: 9 pages, 4 Figure

Informal Disaster Governance

Scholars and practitioners are increasingly questioning formal disaster governance (FDG) approaches as being too rigid, slow, and command-and-control driven. Too often, local realities and non-formal influences are sidelined or ignored to the extent that disaster governance can be harmed through the efforts to impose formal and/or political structures. A contrasting narrative emphasises so-called bottom-up, local, and/or participatory approaches which this article proposes to encapsulate as Informal Disaster Governance (IDG). This article theorises IDG and situates it within the long-standing albeit limited literature on the topic, paying particular attention to the literature’s failure to properly define informal disaster risk reduction and response efforts, to conceptualise their far-reaching extent and consequences, and to consider their ‘dark sides.’ By presenting IDG as a framework, this article restores the conceptual importance and balance of IDG vis-à-vis FDG, paving the way for a better understanding of the ‘complete’ picture of disaster governance. This framework is then considered in a location where IDG might be expected to be more powerful or obvious, namely in a smaller, more isolated, and tightly knit community, characteristics which are stereotypically used to describe island locations. Thus, Svalbard in the Arctic has been chosen as a case study, including its handling of the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic, to explore the merits and challenges with shifting the politics of disaster governance towards IDG

The ultrasonically guided percutaneous nephrostomy by trocar – the indications and efficacy

Catedra de Oncologie, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie ”Nicolae Testemițanu”, IMSP Institutul Oncologic, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Al XIII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” și al III-lea Congres al Societății de Endoscopie, Chirurgie miniminvazivă și Ultrasonografie ”V.M.Guțu” din Republica MoldovaIntroducere: Nefrostomia percutanată ecoghidată (NPC) este o procedură intervențională minim-invazivă utilizată pentru decompresia sistemului pielo-caliceal renal. În 1955, Goodwin, a publicat un raport care descrie această procedură. Uropatia obstructivă este o afecțiune întâlnită frecvent în tumorile organelor bazinului mic şi constituie aprox. 25% în structura maladiilor oncologice. NPC se poate efectua prin 2 metode: - clasică - prin trocar (unimomentană ) TrNPC Material şi metode: Lotul de studiu a constituit 50 pacienți, tratați în perioada 2016-2019 în departamentul de urologie a IMSP IO, cărora le-au fost aplicate 70 de TrNPC. Metoda a fost implimentată cu succes, iar materialul publicat este propria experiență. Rezultate: Instrumentarul utilizat: ecograful și sonda abdominală cu ghidaj, set de nefrostomie, trocar N9 Fr. Din lotul constituit, femei au fost - 37 (74%) și - 14 (28%) bărbați, vârsta medie fiind de 62 ani. Dintre aceștia, 28 (56%) – bolnavi la prima adresare, 22 (44%) – adresare repetată. Indicațiile pentru TrNPC: pacienții cu tumori avansate ale bazinului mic cu diferite grade de hidronefroză. TrNPC s-au instalat: pe stânga la 19 pacienți, pe dreapta 15, iar 18 pacienți bilateral. În dependență de stadiul tumoral: stadiul I - 2(4%), stadiul II – 3(6%), stadiul III-IV - 45 (90%). Pentru pacienții cu stadiile I – II de boală, indicațiile către TrNPC a servit: traumatismul iatrogen intraoperator sau strictura anastamozei uretero-intestinale postoperatorii. Complicații întâlnite: hemoragie difuză – 2(4%), dislocația drenului cu reinstalarea acestuia 3(6%). Concluzii: 1.TrNPC este o metoda unimomentană mult mai efectivă şi sigură în drenarea obstrucțiilor infra renale în compaţie cu NPC clasică. 2. Având complicații minime TrNPC poate fi efectuată în condiții de ambulatoriu.Background: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PNE) is a minimally invasive method used to decompress the renal pyelocalcal system. Goodwin in 1955 published a report describing this procedure. Obstructive uropathy is a common disease founded in pelvic organ tumors and constitutes - 25% of all oncological diseases. PNE can be performed by 2 methods: - classic (multiple maneuvers) - by trocar ( unimoment method ) Methods and materials: The study group consists of 50 patients treated during the 2016-2019 period in the urology department of the IMSP IO, 70 TrPNEs being applied. The method was successfully implemented and the material is own experience. Results: The used instruments: ultrasound scan, abdominal guided catheter, nephrostomy set, trocar N9 Fr. Of the patients group, women were - 37 (74%), men were - 14 (28%), the mean age was 62 years. From them 28 (56%) were first addressed patients and 22 (44%) were patients at secondary address. The TrPNEs indications were: advanced pelvic tumors with clinical manifested hidronefrose. Were performed TrPNE: on the left at 19 patients, on the right at 15 patients, bilateral at 18 patients. The tumor grade: I degree – 2 (4%), II degree – 3 (6%), III – IV degree – 45 (90%). For the I – II degree the TrPNEs indication was the iatrogenic trauma or the ureter-intestinal anastomose stricture. The procedural complications: diffuse haemorrhage – 2 (4%), PNE tube complications 3 (6%). Conclusions: 1.TrPNE it is a more effective and safely unimoment method used for the infrarenal obstructions then the classic method. 2. TrPNE has minimal complications, also it is possible to use the procedure in ambulatory conditions

Catalysts for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

The production of synthetic ammonia remains dependent on the energy- and capital-intensive Haber-Bosch process. Extensive research in molecular catalysis has demonstrated ammonia production from dinitrogen, albeit at low production rates. Mechanistic understanding of dinitrogen reduction to ammonia continues to be delineated through study of molecular catalyst structure, as well as through understanding the naturally occurring nitrogenase enzyme. The transition to Haber-Bosch alternatives through robust, heterogeneous catalyst surfaces remains an unsolved research challenge. Catalysts for electrochemical reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia are a specific focus of research, due to the potential to compete with the Haber-Bosch process and reduce associated carbon dioxide emissions. However, limited progress has been made to date, as most electrocatalyst surfaces lack specificity towards nitrogen fixation. In this Review, we discuss the progress of the field in developing a mechanistic understanding of nitrogenase-promoted and molecular catalyst-promoted ammonia synthesis and provide a review of the state of the art and scientific needs for heterogeneous electrocatalysts

Multiscale Modeling of Bone Healing

Bone is a living part of the body that can, in most situations, heal itself after fracture. However, in some situations, healing may fail. Compromised conditions, such as large bone defects, aging, immuno-deficiency, or genetic disorders, might lead to delayed or non-unions. Treatment strategies for those conditions remain a clinical challenge, emphasizing the need to better understand the mechanisms behind endogenous bone regeneration. Bone healing is a complex process that involves the coordination of multiple events at different length and time scales. Computer models have been able to provide great insights into the interactions occurring within and across the different scales (organ, tissue, cellular, intracellular) using different modeling approaches [partial differential equations (PDEs), agent-based models, and finite element techniques]. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in computer models of bone healing with a focus on multiscale approaches and how they have contributed to understand the emergence of tissue formation patterns as a result of processes taking place at the lower length scales

A review of observational instruments to assess the motivational environment in sport and physical education settings

To date, the majority of research grounded in Achievement Goal frameworks (AGT) and Self-determination Theory (SDT), which has examined the coach-created motivational environment and its correlates, has relied exclusively on athletes’ self-reported perceptions. This limits progress in the field as objective data on real-life events could be used to further identify what coaches and teachers do and say to ‘motivate’ their athletes and students to influence their skill development, performance and well-being. Such information may help inform how coaches and teachers should be trained to create more motivationally adaptive environments and could help extend results derived from self-report measures. This review outlines the observational systems that are currently available and the research related to AGT and/or SDT-based objective assessments of motivational dimensions of the coaching and physical education (PE) environment. Future research could utilise information in this review to employ and/or amend one of the available observation systems to address important questions related to the observed motivational environment in sport and PE

Mechano-Biological Computer Model of Scaffold-Supported Bone Regeneration: Effect of Bone Graft and Scaffold Structure on Large Bone Defect Tissue Patterning

Large segmental bone defects represent a clinical challenge for which current treatment procedures have many drawbacks. 3D-printed scaffolds may help to support healing, but their design process relies mainly on trial and error due to a lack of understanding of which scaffold features support bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate whether existing mechano-biological rules of bone regeneration can also explain scaffold-supported bone defect healing. In addition, we examined the distinct roles of bone grafting and scaffold structure on the regeneration process. To that end, scaffold-surface guided migration and tissue deposition as well as bone graft stimulatory effects were included in an in silico model and predictions were compared to in vivo data. We found graft osteoconductive properties and scaffold-surface guided extracellular matrix deposition to be essential features driving bone defect filling in a 3D-printed honeycomb titanium structure. This knowledge paves the way for the design of more effective 3D scaffold structures and their pre-clinical optimization, prior to their application in scaffold-based bone defect regeneration