Is long-term virological response related to CCR5 Delta32 deletion in HIV-1-infected patients started on highly active antiretroviral therapy?: CCR5 D32 in HIV treated patients

International audienceOBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) Delta32 deletion is associated with long-term response to combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) in HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS: The genetic substudy of the Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA (ANRS) CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE cohort included 609 patients who started protease inhibitor-containing cART in 1997-1999. Patients were considered to have a sustained virological response if all plasma HIV RNA measurements in the period considered were <500 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml, allowing for a single blip. Virological response was compared between patients heterozygous for CCR5 Delta32 (Delta32/wt) and wild-type patients (wt/wt) from month 4 to year 3 and from month 4 to year 5. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for baseline demographical data, HIV RNA, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral exposure status, time spent on antiretroviral therapy at years 3 and 5 and adherence to treatment (month 4 to year 3 or 5). RESULTS: A sustained virological response was more frequent in Delta32/wt than in wt/wt patients from month 4 to year 3, with 66%vs. 52% of patients, respectively, showing a sustained response (P=0.02); after adjustment for potential confounders, the association of Delta32 with a sustained response was nearly significant (P=0.07). A sustained virological response was also more frequent in Delta32/wt patients up to year 5, with 48% showing a sustained response vs. 35% of wt/wt patients (P=0.01); after adjustment, Delta32 remained significantly associated with a sustained virological response up to year 5 (P=0.04). There was no association with CD4 response. CONCLUSION: The Delta32 deletion in Delta32/wt patients is associated with a beneficial virological response to cART in the long term. Whether this association is a direct effect of the Delta32 deletion remains unclear and requires confirmation in further observational studies

HPV type infection in different anogenital sites among HIV-positive Brazilian women

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New insights into HIV-1-primary skin disorders

Since the first reports of AIDS, skin involvement has become a burdensome stigma for seropositive patients and a challenging task for dermatologist and infectious disease specialists due to the severe and recalcitrant nature of the conditions. Dermatologic manifestations in AIDS patients act as markers of disease progression, a fact that enhances the importance of understanding their pathogenesis

DEPISTAGE ANAL DES INFECTIONS LATENTES A PAPILLOMAVIRUS HUMAINS CHEZ DES PATIENTS INFECTES PAR LE VIRUS DE L'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAINE (DES BIOL. MED.)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

[Ano-genital papillomavirus infections in men]

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Porphyria cutanea tarda in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient: A rare scenario in India

A 30-year-old unmarried, heterosexual male presented with an 8-month history of tense blistering skin lesions over the hands. Physical examination revealed facial hypertrichosis and multiple erosions with crusts and scars over the dorsum of both hands. Woods lamp examination of the urine, histopathology and urinary porphyrin levels were suggestive of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). The patient responded well to hydroxychloroquine and antiretroviral drugs. This case report calls for a detailed evaluation and HIV testing in every patient with PCT

A subset of functional effector-memory CD8+ T lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

CD8+ T cells provide protective immune responses via both cytolytic and non-cytolytic mechanisms in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the present study, we investigated the CD28 expression of CD8+ T cells present in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subset isolated from chronically HIV-infected subjects. Using flow cytometric analysis, a continuous spectrum of CD28 intensity ranging from negative to high, which could be separated into CD28-negative, intermediate (int) and high, was seen for CD8+ T cells. Our study focused mostly on the CD28int CD8+ T cells. The CD28int CD8+ T cells are CD57– CD27+ CD45RO+ CD45RA– CCR7low CD62Lint. The proliferative capacity of CD28int CD8+ T cells was intermediate between those of CD28– CD8+ T cells and CD28high CD8+ T cells. The CD28int CD8+ T cells are specific for HIV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) antigens as measured by human leucocyte antigen pentamer binding and produce both intracellular interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α in response to their cognate viral peptides. The CD28int CD8+ T cells have HIV-specific, CMV-specific and EBV-specific cytotoxic activity in response to their cognate viral peptides. These findings indicate that a subset of functional effector-memory CD8+ T cells specific for HIV, CMV and EBV antigens may contribute to an efficient immune response in HIV-infected subjects

Increased serum and salivary immunoglobulins against Candida albicans in HIV-infected patients with oral candidiasis

The aim of this study was to explore anti-Candida albicans systemic and mucosal humoral responses against Candida virulence antigens such as somatic antigen and secreted aspartic proteases (Saps) in HIV-infected patients with oral candidiasis. Twenty-eight subjects were included in the study: 11 HIV-positive patients without oral candidiasis (group A), 6 HIV-positive patients with oral candidiasis (group B) and 11 HIV-negative healthy controls (group C). Total IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations and antibodies to C. albicans (somatic antigen, Sap1, Sap6) were measured in serum and saliva. We developed a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay with biotin and europium-labeled streptavidin for this purpose. Salivary total IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations were higher in group B. IgA, IgG and IgM anti-C. albicans antibodies (against somatic antigen, Sap1, Sap6) were higher in saliva and serum from patients from group B compared with patients from group A and controls. Our results suggest that, in oral candidiasis, HIV-infected patients have a high mucosal response, specifically directed against C. albicans virulence antigens, such as somatic antigen, Sap1 and Sap6