Anestesia combinada en cirugía de estrabismo pediátrico. Revisión sistemática

La cirugía de estrabismo es una de las cirugías oftalmológicas más comunes en niños, con una tasa de éxito elevada. Existen una serie de complicaciones que pueden desencadenarse en el intra y postoperatorio. La técnica anestésica juega un papel importante en la incidencia de dichas complicaciones. Realizamos una revisión sistemática basada en la evidencia científica que existe actualmente sobre la técnica anestésica combinada (bloqueo ocular y anestesia general) en la cirugía de estrabismo pediátrica, en artículos publicados desde el 2012 hasta la actualidad. Búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos como: Pubmed, Scielo, Cochrane y Google Scholar. Creando una estrategia de búsqueda con términos Mesh y Decs, y operadores booleanos. Aplicando unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión para acotar los resultados. Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica con la obtención de 10 ensayos aleatorios caso-control, que evalúan el uso de una técnica anestésica combinada. Realizando una lectura crítica, evaluación, discusión y finalmente, una conclusión. El uso de bloqueos oculares mejora el intra y el postoperatorio de los niños sometidos a cirugía de estrabismo. Proporciona una mejora en el manejo del dolor postoperatorio, y una disminución de la incidencia del reflejo oculocardíaco, proporcionando así una mejoría estabilidad hemodinámica. Además, de disminuir la agitación de emergencia y las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios.Departamento de EnfermeríaMáster en Enfermería Oftalmológic

Ressenya de "Culturas indígenas: investigación, comunicación y resistencias" de d'Amparo Huertas i Maria Luna

Obra ressenyada: Amparo HUERTAS i Maria LUNA (eds.), Culturas indígenas: investigación, comunicación y resistencias. Bellaterra: InCom-UAB Publicacions, 2018.El llibre "Culturas indígenes: investigación, comunicación y resistencias" és un recull d'estudis i projectes multidisciplinaris amb pobles indígenes que parteixen dels tres eixos que es reflecteixen en el títol del mateix. A partir de diferents cultures indígenes, es presenten i s'analitzen aquestes realitats socials i, alhora, es debaten formes i mètodes d'investigació, es qüestionen els models de desenvolupament implementats en aquestes i es subratlla la rellevància de la comunicació i els seus mitjans per aquests pobles.The book "Culturas indígenas: investigación, comunicación y resistencias (Indigenous culture: investigation, communication and resistances)" forms a multidisciplinary compilation of studies of projects with indigenous people setting out from the three axles referenced in this work's very title. Based on different indigenous cultures, their respective social realities are presented and analyzed and at the same time, investigation methods and ways are discussed, the implemented development methods implanted in these are questioned and the relevance of communication and their means for these people is stressed

The Etiology, Antibiotic Therapy and Outcomes of Bacteremic Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in Onco-HematologicalPatients. Antibiotics (Basel).

Objectives: to assess the current epidemiology, antibiotic therapy and outcomes of oncohematological patients with bacteremic skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), and to identify the risk factors for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infection and for early and overall mortality. Methods: episodes of bacteremic SSTIs occurring in cancer patients at two hospitals were prospectively recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of 164 episodes of bacteremic SSTIs, 53% occurred in patients with solid tumors and 47% with hematological malignancies. GNB represented 45.5% of all episodes, led by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37.8%). Multidrug resistance rate was 16%. Inadequate empirical antibiotic therapy (IEAT) occurred in 17.7% of episodes, rising to 34.6% in those due to resistant bacteria. Independent risk factors for GNB infection were corticosteroid therapy and skin necrosis. Early and overall case-fatality rates were 12% and 21%, respectively. Risk factors for early mortality were older age, septic shock, and IEAT, and for overall mortality were older age, septic shock and resistant bacteria. Conclusions: GNB bacteremic SSTI was common, particularly if corticosteroid therapy or skin necrosis. IEAT was frequent in resistant bacteria infections. Mortality occurred mainly in older patients with septic shock, resistant bacteria and IEAT. These results might guide empirical antibiotic therapy in this high-risk population

Particle size and cholesterol content of circulating HDL correlate with cardiovascular death in chronic heart failure

Evidence regarding any association of HDL-particle (HDL-P) derangements and HDL-cholesterol content with cardiovascular (CV) death in chronic heart failure (HF) is lacking. To investigate the prognostic value of HDL-P size (HDL-Sz) and the number of cholesterol molecules per HDL-P for CV death in HF patients. Outpatient chronic HF patients were enrolled. Baseline HDL-P number, subfractions and HDL-Sz were measured using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The HDL-C/P ratio was calculated as HDL-cholesterol over HDL-P. Endpoint was CV death, with non-CV death as the competing event. 422 patients were included and followed-up during a median of 4.1 (0–8) years. CV death occurred in 120 (30.5%) patients. Mean HDL-Sz was higher in CV dead as compared with survivors (8.39 nm vs. 8.31 nm, p < 0.001). This change in size was due to a reduction in the percentage of small HDL-P (54.6% vs. 60% for CV-death vs. alive; p < 0.001). HDL-C/P ratio was higher in the CV-death group (51.0 vs. 48.3, p < 0.001). HDL-Sz and HDL-C/P ratio were significantly associated with CV death after multivariable regression analysis (HR 1.22 [95% CI 1.01–1.47], p = 0.041 and HR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01–1.07], p = 0.008 respectively). HDL-Sz and HDL-C/P ratio are independent predictors of CV death in chronic HF patients.Tis work was supported by Grants from Fundació La MARATÓ de TV3 (201502 and 201516 to AB-G, 201602- 30-31 to NA and JJ), Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (SAF2014-59892 to AB-G), AdvanceCat (2014-2020 to AB-G), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PI17- 00232 to JJ, PI17-01362 to NA, PI15-00625 to DM, and RED2018-102799-T to JJ), and by CIBER on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV, CB16/11/00403) and CIBER for Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM, CB15/00071 and CB07/08/0016) are an initiative from ISCIII, Spain with co-funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). JJ is supported by funds provided by ISCIII (Grant CPII18/00004, Miguel Servet II program)

Particle size and cholesterol content of circulating HDL correlate with cardiovascular death in chronic heart failure

Altres ajuts: Fundació la Marató de TV3: 201602-30-31; 201502Evidence regarding any association of HDL-particle (HDL-P) derangements and HDL-cholesterol content with cardiovascular (CV) death in chronic heart failure (HF) is lacking. To investigate the prognostic value of HDL-P size (HDL-Sz) and the number of cholesterol molecules per HDL-P for CV death in HF patients. Outpatient chronic HF patients were enrolled. Baseline HDL-P number, subfractions and HDL-Sz were measured using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The HDL-C/P ratio was calculated as HDL-cholesterol over HDL-P. Endpoint was CV death, with non-CV death as the competing event. 422 patients were included and followed-up during a median of 4.1 (0-8) years. CV death occurred in 120 (30.5%) patients. Mean HDL-Sz was higher in CV dead as compared with survivors (8.39 nm vs. 8.31 nm, p < 0.001). This change in size was due to a reduction in the percentage of small HDL-P (54.6% vs. 60% for CV-death vs. alive; p < 0.001). HDL-C/P ratio was higher in the CV-death group (51.0 vs. 48.3, p < 0.001). HDL-Sz and HDL-C/P ratio were significantly associated with CV death after multivariable regression analysis (HR 1.22 [95% CI 1.01-1.47], p = 0.041 and HR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.008 respectively). HDL-Sz and HDL-C/P ratio are independent predictors of CV death in chronic HF patients

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica

Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Creació d'una App: Sóc de Sucre

Tutora: Sandra ArcoLes Tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) cada vegada estan més a la alça i les trobem en molts àmbits de la vida quotidiana. Coneixen els beneficis, la facilitat, el maneig i abast en que les trobem, i les podem aplicar en altres àmbits per tal d'aprofitar i implementar els seus beneficis, com per exemple en la sanitat. Per altra banda tenim la Diabetis Mellitus, una malaltia considerada com un dels principals problemes de salut a escala mundial, per el seu augment de casos. Les seves xifres són epidèmiques i resulta un problema sociosanitària. I aquesta patologia també afecta els nens, sent una de les malalties cròniques més freqüents en els infants, la diabetis tipus 1. La diabetis acompanyarà els qui la pateixen al llarg de la seva vida, ja que es tracta d'una malaltia crònica. El tractament és primordial, per garantir un control òptim i evitar les complicacions. Es basa en tres grans pilars: l'alimentació, l'activitat física i la medicació, tot això ho aconseguïm a través de l'educació sanitària, que fa el personal d'infermeria, per aconseguir un bon compliment terapèutic. L'empoderament es tracta d'un rol actiu respecte la gestió de la pròpia salut. Els pacients empoderats tenen la capacitat per prendre les seves pròpies decisions envers la salut. Tenen a l'abast informació i coneixement per tal d'aconseguir-ho. I ajuntant aquests tres conceptes: diabetis tipus 1, TIC i empoderament, neix : sóc de sucre. Una aplicació mòbil, a l'abast de tots els nens i familiars, per l'abordatge de la diabetis. En ella els usuaris podran trobar registres detallats per el control de la patologia, i informació, per resoldre dubtes, amb la finalitat d'adoptar un rol actiu en la seva salut

Traducción y comentario del resumen de 10 capítulos de la serie Friends

Treball de fi de grau en Traducció i Interpretació. Tutora: Victòria Alsina Keith.The sitcom Friends is one of the most popular series ever, since it has plenty of humor and very similar situations to those from daily life. For this reason, almost everyone will feel identified with one of the characters. Due to its transcendence and my motivation in working on this sitcom, this Final Grade Project consists in translating ten summaries of the first season chapters of Friends that appear in the book Friends, The Official Companion. The main objective of this project is to provide a translation easily understandable for Spanish-speaking people. Hence I have adapted both cultural elements and humor as much as I could, so I think that the main objective has been achieved. I started this project translating all the text and in the meanwhile I was analyzing its translation difficulties more deeply. Although I found a lot of elements of crucial importance in the translation area such as metaphors, word games… The focus of this project is on cultural elements and humor. As each context has its particular solutions, I make a translation comment and justify the decisions taken. I also make a special mention of colloquialism. This paper deals with both literary and audiovisual translation. As the summaries are based on the first season chapters and some textual quotations of what the characters say appear in the book, it is very important to consider the visual image. Literary translation emerges because what we are going to translate is in a book and the main genre is the narrative one.Finally, I would like to mention that one of the main things I learned throughout this project is that the culture has a very important role in the translation area, since every country has its own culture. As translators, we will have to adapt the elements that form the culture to the target audience