Large Language Models for in Situ Knowledge Documentation and Access With Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) has become a powerful tool for assisting operators in complex environments, such as shop floors, laboratories, and industrial settings. By displaying synthetic visual elements anchored in real environments and providing information for specific tasks, AR helps to improve efficiency and accuracy. However, a common bottleneck in these environments is introducing all necessary information, which often requires predefined structured formats and needs more ability for multimodal and Natural Language (NL) interaction. This work proposes a new method for dynamically documenting complex environments using AR in a multimodal, non-structured, and interactive manner. Our method employs Large Language Models (LLMs) to allow experts to describe elements from the real environment in NL and select corresponding AR elements in a dynamic and iterative process. This enables a more natural and flexible way of introducing information, allowing experts to describe the environment in their own words rather than being constrained by a predetermined structure. Any operator can then ask about any aspect of the environment in NL to receive a response and visual guidance from the AR system, thus allowing for a more natural and flexible way of introducing and retrieving information. These capabilities ultimately improve the effectiveness and efficiency of tasks in complex environments

Blended transdiagnostic group CBT for emotional disorders: a feasibility trial protocol

Emotional disorders (anxiety and depressive disorders) are a relevant public health concern associated with high prevalence, high costs, and important disability. Therefore, research priorities include designing and testing cost-effective interventions to reach everyone in need. Internet-delivered interventions for emotional disorders are effective and can help to disseminate and implement evidence-based treatments. However, although these treatments are generally effective, not all patients benefit from this treatment format equally. Blended treatments are a new form of intervention that combines the strengths of face-to-face and Internet approaches. Nevertheless, research on blended interventions has focused primarily on individual therapy, and less attention has been paid to the potential of using this format in group psychotherapy. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of blended transdiagnostic group CBT for emotional disorders. The current article describes the study protocol for this trial

Duodenal tumors on cross-sectional imaging with emphasis on multidetector computed tomography: a pictorial review

Duodenal tumours are uncommon, but they can cause significant morbidity and mortality. As stomach and colon are a more common site of gastrointestinal malignancies, radiologists sometimes neglect the duodenum. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can accurately locate and characterize mass-forming duodenal lesions, making them invaluable for the differential diagnosis and determining management strategies such as biopsy or surgery. Although conventional endoscopy continues to play an important role in the diagnosis of duodenal tumors, MDCT and MRI are very useful for evaluating the duodenal wall, extraduodenal space, and surrounding viscera, as well as the intraluminal content seen on endoscopy. This pictorial review aims to illustrate the most common benign and malignant mass-forming duodenal lesions and to focus on the imaging features that are most helpful in reaching the correct diagnosis

Imaging of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension before, during and after balloon pulmonary angioplasty

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has recently been elevated as a class I recommendation for the treatment of inoperable or residual chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Proper patient selection, procedural safety, and post-procedural evaluation are crucial in the management of these patients, with imaging work-up playing a pivotal role. Understanding the diagnostic and therapeutic imaging algorithms of CTEPH, the imaging features of patients amenable to BPA, all imaging findings observed during and immediately after the procedure and the changes observed during the follow-up is crucial for all interventional radiologists involved in the care of patients with CTEPH. This article illustrates the imaging workup of patients with CTEPH amenable to BPA, the imaging findings observed before, during and after BPA, and provides a detailed description of all imaging modalities available for CTEPH evaluation. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Soci & eacute;t & eacute; fran & ccedil;aise de radiologie

Los congresos de estudiantes como experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo y colaborativo. IV Congreso ASAT, Murcia

La adaptación del sistema educativo universitario a las necesidades y requerimientos del Espacio Europeo de Educación (EEES) es uno de los desafíos más importantes de los últimos años en el ámbito docente. Supone la instauración de un nuevo sistema de enseñanza basado en nuevas técnicas docentes con una diferente relación profesor-alumno y una mayor participación de este último en el proceso de aprendizaje. El concepto de aprendizaje individualizado donde el alumno actúa de espectador pasivo cambia hacia un papel más activo, en el que el concepto de aprendizaje cooperativo (trabajo en grupo) y colaborativo (dimensión social del aprendizaje) cobra una vital importancia en el nuevo modelo de enseñanza. El siguiente artículo recoge los resultados del IV Congreso Nacional de estudiantes de Arquitectura Técnica e Ingeniería de Edificación realizado durante el curso académico 2013-14 en la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM). Pretende demostrar cómo actividades docentes en las que se ponga en práctica el aprendizaje cooperativo y colaborativo con los estudiantes, pueden ser fructíferas en el campo del aprendizaje universitario. La iniciativa de este tipo de congresos de estudiantes acerca el mundo profesional y la investigación al alumno

A conserved function of Human DLC3 and Drosophila Cv-c in testis development

The identification of genes affecting gonad development is essential to understand the mechanisms causing Variations/Differences in Sex Development (DSD). Recently, a DLC3 mutation was associated with male gonadal dysgenesis in 46,XY DSD patients. We have studied the requirement of Cv-c, the Drosophila ortholog of DLC3, in Drosophila gonad development, as well as the functional capacity of DLC3 human variants to rescue cv-c gonad defects. We show that Cv-c is required to maintain testis integrity during fly development. We find that Cv-c and human DLC3 can perform the same function in fly embryos, as flies carrying wild type but not patient DLC3 variations can rescue gonadal dysgenesis, suggesting functional conservation. We also demonstrate that the StART domain mediates Cv-c's function in the male gonad independently from the GAP domain's activity. This work demonstrates a role for DLC3/Cv-c in male gonadogenesis and highlights a novel StART domain mediated function required to organize the gonadal mesoderm and maintain its interaction with the germ cells during testis development.This work was supported by María de Maeztu Unit excellence grants MDM-2016-0687 and CEX2020-001088 M and a Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant PID2019-104656GB-I00 cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) to JC-GH. SV acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P3_194807). This work was also supported by grants from the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre under project ID s1132 and has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 803952). AL-B acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation’s Grant 320030-184807. LL acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number SCOPES IZ73Z0_152347/1) and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, project 'Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms of Human Disorders of Sexual Development' [0121U110054]: With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (referencia del instituto). Por ejemplo: With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2020-001088)

Building a Robust, Densely-Sampled Spider Tree of Life for Ecosystem Research

Phylogenetic relatedness is a key diversity measure for the analysis and understanding of how species and communities evolve across time and space. Understanding the nonrandom loss of species with respect to phylogeny is also essential for better-informed conservation decisions. However, several factors are known to influence phylogenetic reconstruction and, ultimately, phylogenetic diversity metrics. In this study, we empirically tested how some of these factors (topological constraint, taxon sampling, genetic markers and calibration) affect phylogenetic resolution and uncertainty. We built a densely sampled, species-level phylogenetic tree for spiders, combining Sanger sequencing of species from local communities of two biogeographical regions (Iberian Peninsula and Macaronesia) with a taxon-rich backbone matrix of Genbank sequences and a topological constraint derived from recent phylogenomic studies. The resulting tree constitutes the most complete spider phylogeny to date, both in terms of terminals and background information, and may serve as a standard reference for the analysis of phylogenetic diversity patterns at the community level. We then used this tree to investigate how partial data affect phylogenetic reconstruction, phylogenetic diversity estimates and their rankings, and, ultimately, the ecological processes inferred for each community. We found that the incorporation of a single slowly evolving marker (28S) to the DNA barcode sequences from local communities, had the highest impact on tree topology, closely followed by the use of a backbone matrix. The increase in missing data resulting from combining partial sequences from local communities only had a moderate impact on the resulting trees, similar to the difference observed when using topological constraints. Our study further revealed substantial differences in both the phylogenetic structure and diversity rankings of the analyzed communities estimated from the different phylogenetic treatments, especially when using non-ultrametric trees (phylograms) instead of time-stamped trees (chronograms). Finally, we provide some recommendations on reconstructing phylogenetic trees to infer phylogenetic diversity within ecological studies

Metaanálisis del uso de semillas y aceites en la dieta de ovejas y cabras

The objective of this work was to use meta‑analysis to study the productive results of ewe and goat fed oil and seed, rich in unsatured fat acid. Twenty‑two experiments with ewes (63 treatments) and 21 experiments with goats (76 treatments) were used. Average extra fat intake was 83.6±33.6 g per day in ewes, and 73.4±38.7 g per day in goats. In ewes, extra fat intake did not affect dry matter intake, but increased milk fat yield (from 91.4 to 98.8 g per day) and reduced milk protein content (from 5.41 to 5.24%). There were no differences in the sum of fat and protein contents. In goats, extra fat included in the diet reduced dry matter intake (from 2.13 to 2.08 kg per day), and increased milk fat percentage (from 4.11 to 4.43%) and the sum of fat and protein contents (from 7.41 to 7.76%). The yield responses to the intake of diets enriched with unsaturated fatty acids differ between ewes and goats. However, milk commercial value is not affected because of the absence of negative effects on the sum of fat and protein contents in both species.El objetivo de este trabajo fue utilizar el metaanálisis para estudiar los resultados productivos de ovejas y cabras de ordeño, alimentadas con aceites y semillas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados. Se utilizaron 22 experimentos con ovejas (63 tratamientos) y 21 con cabras (76 tratamientos). El consumo medio de grasa extra fue de 83,6±33,6 g por día en ovejas y 73,4±38,7 g por día en cabras. En ovejas, la grasa extra no afectó al consumo de materia seca, pero aumentó la producción de grasa (de 91,4 a 98,8 g por día) y redujo el contenido proteico (de 5,41 a 5,24%) de la leche. No hubo diferencias en el extracto quesero. En cabras, la inclusión de grasa en la dieta redujo el consumo de materia seca (de 2,13 a 2,08 kg por día) y aumentó el porcentaje de grasa láctea (de 4,11 a 4,43%) y el extracto quesero (de 7,41 a 7,76%). La respuesta productiva de ovejas y cabras al consumo de dietas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados es diferente. Sin embargo, el valor comercial de la leche no se ve afectado, debido a la ausencia de efectos negativos sobre el extracto quesero en ambas especies

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in males with familial breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Results of a Spanish multicenter study

Producción CientíficaMale breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that represents <1 % of all breast cancers (BCs). We analyze the results of a multicenter study performed in Spanish familial MBC including family history of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOCS) and clinicopathological features. We also study the relationship between BRCA1/BRCA2 mutational status in male relatives affected with cancer (MAC) and, family history and tumor types. The study included 312 men index cases with family history of HBOCS and 61 MAC BRCA1/2 mutation-carriers. Family history, histological grade (HG), clinicopathological and immunohistochemistry data were collected. BRCA1/2 mutation analyses were performed by direct sequencing or screening methods and the large rearrangements by multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification. We found 49 mutation-carriers (15.7 %), 95.9 % with BRCA2 mutations. BRCA2 mutation-carriers were associated with families with at least one MBC and one BC in female (type II; p = 0.05). Strong association were found between the presence of pathogenic mutations in MBCs and the advanced HG (p = 0.003). c.658_659delTG, c.2808_2811delACAA, c.6275_6276delTT and c.9026_9030delATCAT were the most prevalent mutations. In 61 MAC we found 20 mutations in BRCA1 and 41 in BRCA2. For MAC we show that mutational status was differentially associated with family history (p = 0.018) and tumor type, being BRCA2 mutations linked with BC and prostatic cancer (p = 0.018). MBC caused by BRCA1/2 mutations define two types of MBCs. The most frequent caused by BRCA2 mutation linked to type II families and the rarest one attributed to BRCA1 mutation. Tumor associated with MAC suggest that only BRCA2 mutations have to do with a specific type of cancer (BC and prostatic cancer); but the linkage to tumors is questionable for BRCA1 mutations