1,119 research outputs found
An Altered Peptide Ligand derived from heat-shock protein 60 induces regulatory T cells in JIA patients and suppresses adjuvant-induced arthritis
Galaxy Pairs in the 2dF Survey I. Effects of Interactions in the Field
We study galaxy pairs in the field selected from the 100 K public release of
the 2dF galaxy redshift survey. Our analysis provides a well defined sample of
1258 galaxy pairs, a large database suitable for statistical studies of galaxy
interactions in the local universe, . Galaxy pairs where selected by
radial velocity () and projected separation () criteria
determined by analyzing the star formation activity within neighbours
(abridged). The ratio between the fractions of star forming galaxies in pairs
and in isolation is a useful tools to unveil the effects of having a close
companion. We found that about fifty percent of galaxy pairs do not show signs
of important star formation activity (independently of their luminosities)
supporting the hypothesis that the internal properties of the galaxies play a
crucial role in the triggering of star formation by interactions.Comment: 9 pages, 11 Postscript figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Revised versio
Pathways to quiescence: SHARDS view on the star formation histories of massive quiescent galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.5
et al.We present star formation histories (SFHs) for a sample of 104 massive (stellar massM> 1010 M) quiescent galaxies (MQGs) at z = 1.0-1.5 from the analysis of spectrophotometric data from the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) and HST/WFC3 G102 and G141 surveys of the GOODS-North field, jointly with broad-band observations from ultraviolet (UV) to far-infrared (far-IR). The sample is constructed on the basis of restframe UVJ colours and specific star formation rates (sSFRs = SFR/Mass). The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of each galaxy are compared to models assuming a delayed exponentially declining SFH. A Monte Carlo algorithm characterizes the degeneracies, which we are able to break taking advantage of the SHARDS data resolution, by measuring indices such as MgUV and D4000. The population of MQGs shows a duality in their properties. The sample is dominated (85 per cent) by galaxies with young mass-weighted ages, t 1.0, when our galaxies were 0.5-1.0 Gyr old. According to these SFHs, all the MQGs experienced a luminous infrared galaxy phase that lasts for ~500 Myr, and half of them an ultraluminous infrared galaxy phase for ~100 Myr. We find that the MQG population is almost assembled at z ~ 1, and continues evolving passively with few additions to the population.We acknowledge support from the Spanish Programa Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica under grants AYA2012-31277. NCL acknowledges financial support from AYA2013-46724-P. AAH and AHC acknowledge support from the Spanish
Programa Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica under grant AYA2012-31447, which is partly funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional programme. The work of AC is supported by the STARFORM Sinergia Project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. SC acknowledges support from the ERC via an Advanced Grant under grant agreement no. 321323-NEOGAL. DC thanks AYA2012-32295. GB acknowledges support for this work from the National Autonomous University of México (UNAM), through grant PAPIIT IG100115.Peer Reviewe
Influence of exogenous enzymes in presence of Salix babylonica extract on digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and performance of lambs fed maize silage
In Mexico, there are native trees that
can be used as an alternative feed when forages are
scarce and of poor quality in the dry season (Palma
et al. 1995). However, the use of plants or their
extracts as feed additives is restricted by their secondary
compound content (Salem et al. 2014c): although
the ideal concentrations can modify and support the
utilization of nutrients in the rumen (Salem et al.
2014a, b, c), an inverse relationship between secondary
compound concentration and animal performance
has been observed (Vasta & Luciano 2011; Salem
et al. 2011a, 2013).Sixteen Suffolk lambs with 29 ± 2·0 kg body weight were housed in individual cages for 60 days and allotted to four
treatments in a completely randomized design to determine the effect of administration of Salix babylonica (SB)
extract and/or exogenous enzymes (ZADO®) on lamb performance. Lambs were fed with 300 g/kg concentrate
(160 g crude protein (CP)/kg, 13·4 MJ metabolizable energy (ME)/kg dry matter (DM)) and 700 g/kg maize silage
(80 g/kg CP, 11·7 MJ ME/kg DM) as a basal diet (control). Another three treatments were tested; the SB extract
was administered at 30 ml/day (SB) and exogenous enzymes ZADO® (i.e. an exogenous enzyme cocktail in a
powder form) directly fed at 10 g/day (EZ), while the last treatment contained ZADO® at 10 g/day + SB extract at
30 ml/day (EZSB). Lambs of the treatment EZSB had the greatest average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion
throughout the period of the experiment. However, during the first 30 days SB was more effective for ADG than
EZ and vice versa during the last 30 days of the experiment.Water consumption was greater for SB, followed by EZ
and EZSB compared to the control. Intakes ofDMand organicmatter (OM) were the highest in EZSB followed by EZ,
which had the greatest neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre (ADF) and nitrogen (N) intakes. The EZSB treatment
had the greatest DM and OM digestibilities compared to the other treatments; however, SB had the greatest
ADF digestibility. Combination of EZ and SB had the best N balance. Allantoin, total purine derivatives (PD), allantoin
: -creatinine ratio, and PD: creatinine ratio were increased in EZSB compared to the other treatments. However,
EZ supplementation increased uric acid concentration, whereas the microbial N (g N/day) and metabolizable
protein (g N/day) were increased in EZSB versus the other treatments. It can be concluded that addition of 10 g
ZADO® in combination with S. babylonica extract at 30 ml/day in the diet of lambs increased feed intake, nutrient
digestibility and daily gain, with a positive impact on the use of N and microbial protein synthesis
Cyano-and ketone-containing selenoesters as multi-target compounds against resistant cancers
Fifteen selenocompounds, comprising of eight ketone-containing selenoesters (K1–K8, also known as oxoselenoesters) and seven cyano-containing selenoesters (N1–N7, known also as cyanoselenoesters), have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as novel anticancer agents. These compounds are derivatives of previously reported active selenoesters and were prepared following a three-step one-pot synthetic route. The following evaluations were performed in their biological assessment: cytotoxicity determination, selectivity towards cancer cells in respect to non-cancer cells, checkerboard combination assay, ABCB1 inhibition and inhibition of ABCB1 ATPase activity, apoptosis induction, and wound healing assay. As key results, all the compounds showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells at low micromolar concentrations, with cyanoselenoesters being strongly selective. All of the oxoselenoesters, except K4, were potent ABCB1 inhibitors, and two of them, namely K5 and K6, enhanced the activity of doxorubicin in a synergistic manner. The majority of these ketone derivatives modulated the ATPase activity, showed wound healing activity, and induced apoptosis, with K3 being the most potent, with a potency close to that of the reference compound. To summarize, these novel derivatives have promising multi-target activity, and are worthy to be studied more in-depth in future works to gain a greater understanding of their potential applications against cancer.The study was supported by the projects SZTE ÁOK-KKA 2018/270-62-2 of the University
of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine and GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00038 (Hungary); and Consejo Superior
de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC, Spain, project LINKA20285). This research was funded by
VISEGRAD FUND, grant number 22010090; and by the mobility project from the Czech Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports INTER-COST, grant number LTC19007. This article is based upon work
from COST Action 17104 , supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science
and Technology), (http://www.cost.eu, accessed on 17 September 2021). The study was supported
also by two cultural associations: “Trevinca” and “Iniciativas Ropelanas”
Uncontrolled Donation after Circulatory Death: European practices and recommendations for the development and optimization of an effective programme.
Shortage of organs has made a global interest for donation after circulatory death (DCD) to re-emerge. While controlled DCD (cDCD) has been progressively increasing, uncontrolled DCD (uDCD) has only been developed in a few settings.1 This activity is quantitatively important in France and Spain, although it has also been reported in other European countries, as Austria, Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, and recently in Russia.2,3 uDCD protocols have allowed the transplantation of a significant number of kidneys, livers and lungs at these countries.3 Excellent graft survival has been reported in kidney transplantation from uDCD, in spite of an increased incidence of delayed graft function (DGF).4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,1516 Albeit promising, results with liver transplants obtained in uDCD protocols do not consistently provide similar outcomes compared with livers from donors after brain death (DBD), mainly due to a higher incidence of primary graft dysfunction and non-function and biliary complications.17,18,19,20,21,22 Lung transplantation is still facing limited experience, but preliminary results are encouraging.pre-print938 K
Senescence-associated proteolysis induced by abiotic and biotic stresses in barley leaves
Leaf senescence is a recycling process characterized by a massive degradation of macromolecules to relocalize nutrients from leaves to growing or storage tissues.
Our aim is to identify and analyze the C1A Cysteine
‐Protease (CysProt) family members from barley (35 cathepsin L‐,3B‐,1Hand3F‐like) involved in leaf senescence, to study their modulation by their specific inhibitors (cystatins) and to determine their roles mediated by abiotic (darkness and N starvation) and biotic (pathogens and pest) stresses
SHARDS: A global view of the star formation activity at z∼ 0.84 and z∼ 1.23
et al.In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at intermediate redshifts (z ∼ 1). We combine the ultra-deep optical spectro-photometric data from the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) with deep UV-to-FIR observations in the GOODS-N field. Exploiting two of the 25 SHARDS medium-band filters, F687W17 and F823W17, we select [O ii] emission line galaxies at z ∼ 0.84 and z ∼ 1.23 and characterize their physical properties. Their rest-frame equivalent widths (EW([O ii])), line fluxes, luminosities, star formation rates (SFRs), and dust attenuation properties are investigated. The evolution of EW([O ii]) closely follows the SFR density evolution of the universe, with a trend of EW([O ii]) (1 + z) up to redshift z ≃ 1, followed by a possible flattening. The SF properties of the galaxies selected on the basis of their [O ii] emission are compared with complementary samples of SFGs selected by their MIR and FIR emission, and also with a general mass-selected sample of galaxies at the same redshifts. We demonstrate observationally that the UVJ diagram (or, similarly, a cut in the specific SFR) is only partially able to distinguish the quiescent galaxies from the SFGs. The SFR-M relation is investigated for the different samples, yielding a logarithmic slope ∼1, in good agreement with previous results. The dust attenuations derived from different SFR indicators (UV(1600), UV(2800), [O ii], IR) are compared and show clear trends with respect to both the stellar mass and total SFR, with more massive and highly star-forming galaxies being affected by stronger dust attenuation.The work of A.C. is supported by the STARFORM Sinergia Project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, and also benefited from a MERAC Funding and Travel Award. P.G.P.-G. acknowledges support from the Spanish Programa Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica under grants AYA2012-31277. A.V.G. acknowledges support from the ERC via an Advanced Grant under grant agreement no. 321323-NEOGAL. N.C.
acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under grant AYA2013-46724-P. A.A.H. and A.H.C. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grant AYA2012-31447, which is partly funded by the FEDER program. A.J.C. is a Ramón y Cajal Fellow of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grant AYA2012-30789, partly funded by the FEDER program.Peer Reviewe
Renormalization Group Analysis of a Quivering String Model of Posture Control
Scaling concepts and renormalization group (RG) methods are applied to a
simple linear model of human posture control consisting of a trembling or
quivering string subject to damping and restoring forces. The string is driven
by uncorrelated white Gaussian noise intended to model the corrections of the
physiological control system. We find that adding a weak quadratic nonlinearity
to the posture control model opens up a rich and complicated phase space
(representing the dynamics) with various non-trivial fixed points and basins of
attraction. The transition from diffusive to saturated regimes of the linear
model is understood as a crossover phenomenon, and the robustness of the linear
model with respect to weak non-linearities is confirmed. Correlations in
posture fluctuations are obtained in both the time and space domain. There is
an attractive fixed point identified with falling. The scaling of the
correlations in the front-back displacement, which can be measured in the
laboratory, is predicted for both the large-separation (along the string) and
long-time regimes of posture control.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures, RevTeX, accepted for publication in PR
SHARDS: A global view of the star formation activity at z~0.84 and z~1.23
In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of star-forming galaxies
(SFGs) at intermediate redshifts (z~1). We combine the ultra-deep optical
spectro-photometric data from the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead
Sources (SHARDS) with deep UV-to-FIR observations in the GOODS-N field.
Exploiting two of the 25 SHARDS medium-band filters, F687W17 and F823W17, we
select [OII] emission line galaxies at z~0.84 and z~1.23 and characterize their
physical properties. Their rest-frame equivalent widths
(EW([OII])), line fluxes, luminosities, star formation rates
(SFRs) and dust attenuation properties are investigated. The evolution of the
EW([OII]) closely follows the SFR density evolution of the
universe, with a trend of EW([OII])(1+z) up to
redshift z~1, followed by a possible flattening. The SF properties of the
galaxies selected on the basis of their [OII] emission are compared with
complementary samples of SFGs selected by their MIR and FIR emission, and also
with a general mass-selected sample of galaxies at the same redshifts. We
demonstrate observationally that the UVJ diagram (or, similarly, a cut in the
specific SFR) is only partially able to distinguish the quiescent galaxies from
the SFGs. The SFR-M relation is investigated for the different samples,
yelding a logarithmic slope ~1, in good agreement with previous results. The
dust attenuations derived from different SFR indicators (UV(1600), UV(2800),
[OII], IR) are compared and show clear trends with respect to both the stellar
mass and total SFR, with more massive and highly star-forming galaxies being
affected by stronger dust attenuation.Comment: Replaced to match the accepted version (24 pages, 1 table, 17
figures). Published in ApJ, 812, 155 (2015):
http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/812/15
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