Diabetes Mellitus – Overcoming the Obstacles and Managing Them

DergiPark: 378993tmsjAims: People with diabetes have difficulties in many parts of their life. In our country, there are a lot of studies for the patients with diabetes. But the educations given and studies that are made are insufficient and the patients still don’t know what to do when they face with problems diabetes cause. For this purpose, a survey was prepared to determine the difficulties patients face, solutions of them and patients’ knowledge level. The effect of the project that is based on SMS for better communication to manage diabetes more successful was observed.Methods: 365 patients with diabetes followed by family medicine department were evaluated with a survey that determines their information, problems and the solutions to those problems. 10 volunteering patients from the group that took the survey were informed about diabetes on daily basis via SMS. After the informing, another survey study was run on the consciousness of the patients about diabetes and this system’s profits.Results: All of the patients have difficulties in their daily lives with managing diabetes. The question, “Would you want text messages from your doctor for management of diabetes?” had yes answer from all the patients. According to some survey results; taking the medicine right and on time, keeping track of blood sugar are unimportant, even the number and percentage of these results are low. There is an insufficiency about the management and treatment of diabetes. Only %15 of the patients know about carbohydrate counting method. Conclusion: Management of diabetes would get easier with making the communication between doctor and patient continuous. There is a need of platforms and projects serving this cause. SMS system that’s been worked on had a positive effect on patient

Security aspects of communications in VANETs

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has begun and it promises breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, robotics, Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Digital Twin, and many other technologies that tackle advancements in the industries. The trend is headed towards automation and connectivity. In the automotive industry, advancements have been made towards integrating autonomous driving vehicles into Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) with the use of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs). The purpose of this type of network is to enable efficient communication between vehicles (V2V communication) or vehicles and infrastructure (V2I communication), to improve driving safety, to avoid traffic congestion, and to better coordinate transport networks. This direction towards limited (or lack of) human intervention implies vulnerability to cyber attacks. In this context, this paper provides a comprehensive classification of related state-of-the-art approaches following three key directions: 1) privacy, 2) authentication and 3) message integrity within VANETs. Discussions, challenges and open issues faced by the current and next generation of vehicular networks are also provided

A Case Report: Fournier’S Gangrene in a Patient With Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus

DergiPark: 379024tmsjAims: Fournier’s gangrene is a necrotizing fasciitis of the perinea and genital areas. Scrotal Fournier’s gangrene,while being rare, is an urological emergency and requires urgent surgery. In this case report, we aimed to investigate a patient with Fournier’s Gangrene (FG), caused by a cut to scrotu

Does Patient Mortality Increase With Low Albumin Levels in Septic Shock?

DergiPark: 378982tmsjAims: Severe sepsis and septic shock have been increasingly threatening hospitalized patiens, particularly surgical and intensive care unit patients. Despite all struggles, septic shock mortality levels are no lower than 40-60 %. Although numerous meta-analyses have shown that albumin treatment in septic shock definitely increases mortality, a final shared view among clinicians is not available. In this study, the relationship between albumin levels and CRP and APACHE-II scores and its effect on mortality in septic shock patients have been studied. Methods: Data belonging to 30 (17 males and 13 females) patients who are being followed up with the diagnosis of septic shock have been scanned retrospectively. The effect of albumin levels on mortality in septic shock patients have been studied. Results: A significant relationship between a decrease in the albumin levels and elevated CRP and APACHE-II scores have been found. Albumin levels being above 2,5 mg/dl indicates patient survival with %90 sensitivity, as well as albumin levels being under 1,8 mg/dl indicates a patient mortality with %98 specificity. Conclusion: Albumin, which would be applied in a planned way to septic shock patients, may contribute positively to mortality and morbidit

BAYBURT TÜFLERİNİN PETROGRAFİK, PETROKİMYASAL VE PETROLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ: DOĞU PONTİD GÜNEY ZONU’NDA EOSEN KALKALKALEN FELSİK VOLKANİZMASI

In the Bayburt area, the tuffs named as “Bayburt tuffs” outcropping in Eocene basin aremade of two levels as bottom and upper units, interstratified with a claystone-marl interlayer. Lowerlayer contains two whereas upper one unit, and every unit show gradating from coarse towards finegrainedtuffs. Tuffs contain dominantly glass shards, pumice and crystal fragments (plagioclase, quartz,biotite, sanidine). Coarse and fine-grained levels are characterised by their crystal fragment/glass shardratio. Based on modal composition, coarse-grained level can be classified as vitric-crystal tuff and finegrainedlevel as vitric tuff. Geochemically, tuffs are rhyodacite to dacitic in composition and exhibitmedium-K calcalkaline and peraluminous characteristics. They show chemical variation trends,probably reflecting pre-eruption magmatic processes, especially crystal fractionation by volatile effect.Rare earth element patterns are spoon-like in shape, with (La/Lu)N=14-20, and pronounced Eu anomaliesindicating plagioclase fractionation. The investigated tuffs differ from the rest of Eocene volcanics in thesouthern zone by their field characteristics and acidic composition. In the tuffs, presence of very freshand angular glass shards and common crystal fragments, but lack of lithic fragments may indicatephreatomagmatic acidic volcanism in or very near to Eocene basin in the region. Furthermore,geochemical data indicate that these rocks derived from an intermediate magma source (andesiticparent).Bayburt yöresinde Eosen havzasında yüzlek veren tüfler “Bayburt tüfleri” olarak tanımlanmışolup, kiltaşı-marn ara seviyesiyle birbirinden ayrılabilen alt ve üst olmak üzere iki düzeydenoluşmaktadır. Alt birim iki üst birim ise bir seviye içermektedir. Her bir seviye iri taneliden ince tanelitüflere doğru derecelenme göstermektedir. Tüfler, başlıca cam kıymıkları, pomza ve kristal parçaları(plajiyoklas, kuvars, biyotit, sanidin) içermektedir. İri ve ince taneli seviyeler, kristal/cam oranınındeğişmesiyle belirginleşmektedir. Modal bileşimlerine göre, iri taneli seviye vitrik-kristal tüf ve incetaneli seviye ise vitrik tüf olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Jeokimyasal olarak tüfler, riyodasitik-dasitikbileşimli, orta-K’lu kalkalkalen ve peralumin karakterlidirler. Kimyasal değişimleri, püskürme öncesimagmatik olaylardan özellikle gazların etkisiyle gelişen kristal ayrımlaşmasına işaret eder. Nadir toprakelement dağılımları, (La/Lu)N=14-20 oranıyla kaşık şekilli olup, plajiyoklas ayrımlaşmasına işaret edenbelirgin negatif Eu anomalisine sahiptir. İncelenen tüfler, gerek arazi özellikleri ve gerekse asitikbileşimleri bakımından Güney Zon’daki diğer Eosen volkanitlerinden farklıdırlar. Kayaçlarda, çok tazeve köşeli cam kıymıkları ve kristal parçalarının bolluğu buna karşın litik parçaların yokluğu, tüflerinEosen havzasında veya yakınında freatomagmatik bir püskürmeyle oluştuğuna işaret etmektedir.Ayrıca, jeokimyasal veriler kayaçların, ortaç bir magmadan (andezitik ana magma) türediklerinigöstermektedir

Tracking the timing of Neotethyan oceanic slab break-off: Geochronology and geochemistry of the quartz diorite porphyries, NE Turkey

The initiation of the break-off of the northern branch of the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere is an important but poorly understood event in the geology of the Sakarya Zone (SZ) in northeastern Turkey. Although it is well-known that Latest Cretaceous intrusives (~70 Ma) and early Eocene adakitic magmatic rocks are present in the eastern SZ, the outcrops of the early Eocene non-adakitic rocks are very limited, and their tectono-magmatic evolution has not been studied. We describe a small outcrop of non-adakitic quartz diorite porphyry in the Kov area of the Gümüşhane region in northeastern Turkey. The genesis of these porphyries is significant in evaluating the syn- to post-collision-related magmatism. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating revealed that the Kov quartz diorite porphyries (KQDP) formed at ca. 50 Ma, coeval with adakitic rocks, and ~20 Myr later than the slab roll-back-related intrusive rocks. The KQDPs are calc-alkaline in composition and enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti), with significant negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, and Ti but positive anomalies of Th, U, and Pb. Isotopic compositions of the samples show limited range of variation and slight enrichment of 87Sr/86Sr(t) (0.70489 to 0.70555), εNd(t) (−1.4 to −1.2) with TDM of 1.11 to 1.61 Ga. Pb isotopic ratios of the samples point to an enriched mantle source. They were likely crystallized from the melt that originated from an EM2-type spinel-facies subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), followed by the fractionation with insignificant crustal assimilation. The SCLM was metasomatically enriched, and the metasomatic agent was likely H2O-rich fluids rather than sediments released from subducting oceanic crust during the Late Cretaceous closure of the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere. In conjunction with the geological background and previous data, we propose that the generation of the KQDPs resulted from a slab break-off event that caused ascending or infiltration of hot asthenosphere, triggering mantle melting. Such sporadic occurrences of the KQDPs, with coeval adakitic rocks in the SZ, are likely associated with the onset of extensional tectonics due to the earlier stage of slab break-off along the region during the early Eocene period.publishe

Security aspects of communications in VANETs

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has begun and it promises breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, robotics, Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Digital Twin, and many other technologies that tackle advancements in the industries. The trend is headed towards automation and connectivity. In the automotive industry, advancements have been made towards integrating autonomous driving vehicles into Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) with the use of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs). The purpose of this type of network is to enable efficient communication between vehicles (V2V communication) or vehicles and infrastructure (V2I communication), to improve driving safety, to avoid traffic congestion, and to better coordinate transport networks. This direction towards limited (or lack of) human intervention implies vulnerability to cyber attacks. In this context, this paper provides a comprehensive classification of related state-of-the-art approaches following three key directions: 1) privacy, 2) authentication and 3) message integrity within VANETs. Discussions, challenges and open issues faced by the current and next generation of vehicular networks are also provided

Petrology and ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar dating of paragneisses from the Devrekani Massif (Central Pontides, Northern Turkey): Implications for the Jurassic high-T metamorphism in an extensional tectonic environment

The Devrekani Massif in the northern part of the Central Pontides (Northern Turkey) provides important clues to the regional tectonics and geodynamic processes associated with Jurassic high grade metamorphic conditions. This study reports new paragenetic assemblages, mineral compositions, whole-rock geochemistry and 40Ar-39Ar geochronological data from the paragneisses in the massif, and, discusses the P–T conditions and geodynamic implications of the Jurassic metamorphism during continental extension in the Central Pontides. Upper amphibolite to lower granulite facies paragneisses form one of the main lithological units in the massif. Within these, there are five different mineral parageneses with diagnostic mineral assemblages of: quartz, K-feldspar (An0-1Ab4-26Or73-96), plagioclase (An18-35), biotite [(XPhl: 0.28-0.57; Mg/(Mg+Fe2+): 0.33-0.61)], sillimanite, cordierite [(Mg/(Mg+Fe2+): 0.48-0.71)] and garnet (Alm43-80Grs0-18Prp5-23And0-4Sps10-33) with minor hercynite. Based on Na-in-Crd thermometry and GASP barometry results, the peak metamorphic conditions are 775±25°C and 6±1 kbar in the massif. The field relations, petrography and bulk chemical data suggest that the paragneisses, derived from shale-wackestone and pelitic sedimentary protoliths, are typical rock lithologies of an active continental margin. They display enrichments in LILE over HFSE, coupled with negative Nb and Ti anomalies, which are geochemical signatures of subduction-related sources. It is likely that the peak metamorphism took place during the Middle–Upper Jurassic period (ca. 174–156 Ma), suggesting that the metamorphic rocks cooled to 300-350°C at ca. 156 Ma. The mineral assemblages reveal that the prograde history passed from sillimanite zone conditions up to the cordierite-garnet-K-feldspar zone. The petrological and geochronological data indicate that the protoliths are related to multiple sources such as volcano-sedimentary successions. We conclude that the Devrekani Massif represents the products of pre-Jurassic sedimentation, and Permo-Carboniferous continental arc magmatism, overprinted by Jurassic metamorphism

Relative contributions of crust and mantle to generation of Campanian high-K calc-alkaline I-type granitoids in a subduction setting, with special reference to the Harsit Pluton, Eastern Turkey

We present elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data for the magmatic suite (similar to 79 Ma) of the Harsit pluton, from the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey), with the aim of determining its magma source and geodynamic evolution. The pluton comprises granite, granodiorite, tonalite and minor diorite (SiO(2) = 59.43-76.95 wt%), with only minor gabbroic diorite mafic microgranular enclaves in composition (SiO(2) = 54.95-56.32 wt%), and exhibits low Mg# (<46). All samples show a high-K calc-alkaline differentiation trend and I-type features. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated [(La/Yb)(n) = 2.40-12.44] and display weak Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.30-0.76). The rocks are characterized by enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE. The Harsit host rocks have weak concave-upward REE patterns, suggesting that amphibole and garnet played a significant role in their generation during magma segregation. The host rocks and their enclaves are isotopically indistinguishable. Sr-Nd isotopic data for all of the samples display I(Sr) = 0.70676-0.70708, epsilon(Nd)(79 Ma) = -4.4 to -3.3, with T(DM) = 1.09-1.36 Ga. The lead isotopic ratios are ((206)Pb/(204)pb) = 18.79-18.87, ((207)Pb/(204)Pb) = 15.59-15.61 and ((208)Pb/(204)Pb) = 38.71-38.83. These geochemical data rule out pure crustal-derived magma genesis in a post-collision extensional stage and suggest mixed-origin magma generation in a subduction setting. The melting that generated these high-K granitoidic rocks may have resulted from the upper Cretaceous subduction of the Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan oceanic slab beneath the Eurasian block in the region. The back-arc extensional events would have caused melting of the enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle and formed mafic magma. The underplating of the lower crust by mafic magmas would have played a significant role in the generation of high-K magma. Thus, a thermal anomaly induced by underplated basic magma into a hot crust would have caused partial melting in the lower part of the crust. In this scenario, the lithospheric mantle-derived basaltic melt first mixed with granitic magma of crustal origin at depth. Then, the melts, which subsequently underwent a fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation processes, could ascend to shallower crustal levels to generate a variety of rock types ranging from diorite to granite. Sr-Nd isotope modeling shows that the generation of these magmas involved similar to 65-75% of the lower crustal-derived melt and similar to 25-35% of subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Further, geochemical data and the Ar-Ar plateau age on hornblende, combined with regional studies, imply that the Harsit pluton formed in a subduction setting and that the back-arc extensional period started by least similar to 79 Ma in the Eastern Pontides.Geochemistry & GeophysicsMineralogySCI(E)33ARTICLE4467-48716

Data for: Jurassic acidic magmatism in a back-arc setting, eastern Sakarya Zone, Turkey: Geochemical constraints and an evolutionary model

The raw and processed whole-rock major oxides and trace elements along with CIPW normatives, molar ratios and modal mineral compositions are included in the table. Data used for the comparion are also included