57 research outputs found

    Positive Social Interactions and the Human Body at Work: Linking Organizations and Physiology

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    Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

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    BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

    Rate and extent of top spoilage losses of alfalfa silage stored in horizontal silos1

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    Effects of covering, time, and depth from the surface on the rate and extent of top spoilage losses in alfalfa silages stored in horizontal silos were studied under pilot- and farm-scale conditions. Covering silages increased silage DM and nutrient recoveries, regardless of time or depth from the original surface, when compared to uncovered counterparts. Treatment × location × time interactions (P<.001) were observed for pH, lactic acid, and DM recovery in uncovered silages. By week 2 post-ensiling, significant deterioration had occurred in the top foot of uncovered silages, as evidenced by higher pH (7.36) and lower lactic acid (2.1% of the silage DM) and DM recoveries (85.6% of the DM ensiled). After week 4 post-ensiling, significant deterioration had occurred in the second foot from the surface, and it continued into the third foot after week 7. These data indicate that protecting the silage stored in the top 3 ft of horizontal silos immediately after filling should greatly increase storage efficiency

    EFFECTS OF IRRADIATION ON STAINLESS STEEL-CLAD UOsup2sup 2 PELLETS IN HELIUM OR CARBON DIOXIDE

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    Uranium dioxide pellets sealed in Type 316 stainless steel containers with a helium gas were irradiated in helium and in C0/sub 2/ in thermal fluxes or the order of 1 x 10/sup 13/ n/(cm/sup 2/)(sec). Cladding-surface temperatures were reportedly between 1200 and about 1800 F. The hot-cell examination performed by BMI showed that there were no obvious effects of the irradiation on the specimen tested in helium. However, the specimen irradiated in the presence of C0/sub 2/ exhibited severe cladding-CO/sub 2/ reaction and possible central melting of the UO/sub 2/. Although comparisons between pre- and postirradiation data were difficult because of involved fabrication history of the specimens, the tests did further establish the fact that helium is a satisfactory coolant gas for stainless steel cladding material at a temperature of 1200 F. The data obtained from the specimen tested in the presence of C0/sub 2/ indicate that at temperatures in the range of 1600 to 1800 F Type 316 stainless steel is not compatible with C0/sub 2/. (auth

    THE EXAMINATION AND EVALUATION OF IRRADIATED THORIUM-11 w/o URANIUM SPECIMENS

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    Twelve irradiated specimens of thorium -11 wt.% U were examined. The specimens were fabricated by induction melting and casting in graphite and cold swaging to about 42% reduction in area. The irradiations were conducted in the MTR in capsules equipped with thermocouples. Six specimcns were irradiated to burnups ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 total at.% at average central corc temperatures ranging from 1070 to 1250 F. Three spccimens exbibited sevcre swelling or decrepitation and three appeared to be in relatively good condition. The density of these specimens decreased from 4.9 to 9.9%. The remaining six specimens were irradiated to burnups ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 total at.% at average central core temperatures ranging from 970 to 1100 F. These specimens were in relatively good condition, except for three that had swollen sevcrely at one end. Density decreases ranging from 2.4 to 3.8% were determined for these specimens. Swelling of all specimens appeared to be a linear function of burnup to the highest level studied (l.5 total at.%) and at temperatures below about 1100 F. Swelling increased significantly above 1100 F, even at burnups as low as 0.2 at.%. Fission-gas losses averaged about 0.5% for sound specimens after burnups of 1.2 to 3.3 total at.% at around l100 F. These losses were due to diffusion and recoil; cracked specimens exhibited higher losses, Metallographic examination of the specimens indicated that neither thc matrix material nor the fuel material was seriously affected by the irradiation. No evidence of corrosion by the NaK heat-transfer medium was present. (auth

    Top spoilage losses in horizontal silos in western Kansas

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    The top 3 feet from 30 horizontal silos was sampled at three depths to determine top spoilage losses, using ash content as an internal marker. When compared to face samples, corn and forage sorghum silages exhibited similar additional organic matter (OM) losses in the top 18 inches. In the top 18 inches, covering silage reduced spoilage losses of OM from 41 to 27 percentage units compared to uncovered counterparts. Covering corn silage reduced spoilage losses of OM from 49 to 31 and 9 to 1 percentage units in the top and second 18 inches, respectively. Similar reductions in OM losses from covering were observed in the forage sorghum silages. Although spoilage losses observed in covered silages appear high, covering silage stored in horizontal silos greatly reduced the estimated storage losses in the top 3 feet
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